• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.309-313
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• 2020

Human sparganosis is a zoonotic disease caused by infection and migration of the plerocercoid of Spirometra spp. Although sparganosis were reported from most parts of the body, the sparganum parasitizing inside cerebral artery is remarkably uncommon. We report a case of cerebral intravascular sparganosis in an elderly patient with acute ischemic stroke who was diagnosed by retrieving sparganum during mechanical thrombectomy. Finally, the parasites were identified as Spirometra erinaceieuropaei using multiplex PCR and cox1 gene sequencing.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.599-602
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• 2013

A male patient with neurocysticercosis was identified in Montai Village, Xay District, Oudomxay Province, Lao PDR in February 2004. He had a history of diagnosis for neurocysticercosis by a CT scan in Thailand after an onset of epileptic seizure in 1993. A pig in the same district was found to contain Taenia solium metacestodes (=cysticerci); the slaughtered pig body contained more than 2,000 cysticerci. In addition to morphological identification, molecular identification was also performed on the cysticerci by DNA sequencing analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 gene; they were confirmed as T. solium metacestodes. The patient is regarded as an indigenous case of neurocysticercosis infected in an endemic focus of T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in Oudomxay Province, Lao PDR.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.726-732
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• 2021

In this study, we evaluated the immune-enhancing activity of kimchi-derived Lactobacillus plantarum 200655 on immune suppression by cyclophosphamide (CP) in ICR mice. Animals were fed distilled water or 1×10⁹ colony-forming unit/kg B.W. 200655 or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG as a positive control for 14 days. An in vivo model of immunosuppression was induced using CP 150 and 100 mg/kg B.W. at 7 and 10 days, respectively. Body weight, spleen index, spleen weight, and gene expression were measured to estimate the immune-enhancing effects. The dead 200655 (D-200655) group showed an increased spleen weight compared to the sham control (SC) group. Similarly, the spleen index was significantly higher than that in the CP-treated group. The live 200655 (L-200655) group showed an increased mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 in splenocytes. Also, the iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression was upregulated in the L-200655 group compared to the CP-only (SC) group. The phosphorylation of ERK and MAPK was also upmodulated in the L-200655 group. These results indicate that L. plantarum 200655 ameliorated CP-induced immune suppression, suggesting that L. plantarum 200655 may have the potential to enhance the immune system.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.121-141
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• 2011

Objective : This Experimental study was done to investigate the Effect of Taklisodok-um and Hwangryunhaedok-tang(TH) on Atopic Dermatitis. Methods : We assessed effects of TH on the IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IgM, IgG1, IFN-${\gamma}$ in vivo, on the IL-4, IL-5, CCR3 in the skin tissues of ear and dorsum with NC/Nga mice. And we assessed effects of TH on the COX-2, IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 with RAW 264.7 cell. Results and Conclusion : 1. IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IgM, IgGl levels in the serum of TH treated NC/Nga mouse group were decreased compared to the untreated control mice. IFN-r showed a increase in the experimental group compared to the untreated control group. The spleen weight of TH treated NC/Nga mice was decreased compared to the untreated control group. 2. mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5 and CCR3 in the skin tissues of TH treated NC/Nga mice were decreased, and expression levels of IL-6 in the skin tissues of TH treated NC/Nga mice were decreased compared to the untreated control group. IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA expression levels were increased compared to the untreated control group. 3. Judged from that IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 express of gene, effect of inflammatory Cytokines revelation were decreased compared to the untreated control group. 4. Depend on the strength of TH, inflammatory RAW 264.7 in the serum of TH were inhibited compared to the untreated control serum that leaded a COX-2 activity model. 5. Histological observation of the ear and skin tissues showed that the extents of inflammation and infiltrated immune cells in the epidermis and dermis of TH treated NC/Nga mice were highly reduced compared to the untreated control group.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.257-266
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• 2016

지구 기후변화에 따라 아열대성 해충이 온대지역으로 이주를 통해 서식지를 넓히고 있다. 아열대성 해충인 콩명나방(Maruca vitrata)이 국내에서 팥을 비롯한 콩과작물에 경제적 피해를 일으키고 있다. 비교적 유전적 변이가 큰 곤충으로 알려진 콩명나방에 대해서 국내 집단의 기원에 대해서 의문을 갖게 되었다. 국내 콩명나방 집단의 유전적 특성을 이해하기 위해 cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox 1) 유전자의 염기서열을 판독하였고, 이를 다른 지역 집단들과 분자계통학적으로 분석하였다. 전 세계에 분포하고 있는 콩명나방은 크게 3 그룹(아시아-아프리카, 아메리카, 오세아니아)으로 분류되었다. 이 가운데 국내 콩명나방은 아시아-아프리카 그룹에 속했다. 국내 집단의 살충제 감수성을 분석하기 위해 작용기작이 서로 다른 7 가지(4 종류의 신경독 약제, 1 종류의 곤충성장조절제, 2 종류의 생물농약)의 약제로 평가하였다. 콩명나방의 어린 유충은 분석된 모든 약제에 비교적 감수성이 높았다. 그러나 노숙 유충의 경우는 어린 유충에 비해 감수성이 현저하게 저하되었다. 처리 후 7 일간 분석된 살충력 조사에서 조사된 어느 약제도 콩명나방의 최종령 유충을 효과적(> 50% 방제가)으로 방제하지 못하였다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2012

The importance of biological resources has been gradually increasing, and mollusks have been utilized as main fishery resources in terrestrial ecosystems. But little is known about genomic and transcriptional analysis in mollusks. This is the first report on the transcriptomic profile of Meretrix lusoria. In this study, we constructed cDNA library and determined 542 of distinct EST sequences composed of 284 singletons and 95 contigs. At first, we identified 180 of EST sequences that have significant hits on protein sequences of the exclusive Mollusks database through BLASTX program and 343 of EST sequences that have significant hits on NCBI NR database. We also found that 211 of putative sequences through local BLAST (blastx, E < e-10) search against KOG database were classified into 16 functional categories. Some kinds of immune response related genes encoding allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1), B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1), C-type lectin A, thioester-containing protein and 26S proteasome regulatory complex were identified. To determine phylogenetic relationship, we identified partial sequences of four genes (COX1, COX2, 12S rRNA and NADH dehydrogenase) that significantly matched with the mitochondrial genomes of 3 species-Ml (Meretrix lusoria), Mp (Meretrix petechialis) and Mm (Meretrix meretrix). As a result, we found that there was a little bit of a difference between sequences of Korean isolates and other known isolates. This study will be useful to develop breeding technology and might also be helpful to establish a classification system.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2013

본 연구에서 청미래덩굴 잎과 뿌리의 물추출물을 이용하여 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 함량을 측정한 결과 잎 추출물에서 더 많은 함량이 확인되었으며, DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거능, 환원력 측정을 통한 항산화 활성을 비교한 결과도 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드함량 측정 결과와 마찬가지로 잎에서 높은 활성을 명확하게 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 청미래덩굴 추출물의 항당뇨 효능에 대한 최초의 시도로서 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성억제능을 측정한 결과 뿌리추출물에서는 효소의 억제력을 확인할 수 없었지만 잎 추출물에서는 농도 및 반응시간의 증가에 따라 억제력이 증가하여 물 추출물 상태에서 1 mg/mL 기준으로 acarbose의 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성 억제능과 비교하여 71.8%의 활성을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 당뇨와 염증의 관련성이 대두되는 최근의 연구 상황에서 청미래덩굴 잎 추출물의 IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2의 mRNA 발현 억제작용을 확인함으로써 염증반응의 개선 가능성도 제시할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 청미래덩굴 잎 추출물의 항산화능, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성억제능 및 항염증효능을 확인함으로써 neutraceuticals 소재로서의 개발가능성을 증명하였고 추가 연구의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.549-564
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between harmful free radicals and antioxidants. Long-term oxidative stress can lead to an "exhausted" status of antioxidant defense system triggering development of metabolic syndrome and chronic inflammation. Green perilla (Perilla frutescens) is commonly used in Asian cuisines and traditional medicine in southeast Asia. Green perilla possesses numerous beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions. To investigate the potentials of green perilla leaf extract (PE) on oxidative stress, we induced oxidative stress by high-fat diet (HFD) in aging mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: C57BL/6J male mice were fed HFD continuously for 53 weeks. Then, mice were divided into three groups for 12 weeks: a normal diet fed reference group (NDcon), high-fat diet fed group (HDcon), and high-fat diet PE treated group (HDPE, 400 mg/kg of body weight). Biochemical analyses of serum and liver tissues were performed to assess metabolic and inflammatory damage and oxidative status. Hepatic gene expression of oxidative stress and inflammation related enzymes were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: PE improved hepatopathology. PE also improved the lipid profiles and antioxidant enzymes, including hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum and liver. Hepatic gene expressions of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory related enzymes, such as SOD-1, CAT, interleukin 4 (IL-4) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) were significantly enhanced by PE. PE also reduced the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and liver; moreover, PE suppressed hepatic gene expression involved in pro-inflammatory response; Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). CONCLUSIONS: This research opens opportunities for further investigations of PE as a functional food and possible anti-aging agent due to its attenuative effects against oxidative stress, resulting from HFD and aging in the future.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2020

서해안에 서식하는 해양생물인 전복은 항산화 및 항염증 효과가 있으며, 항생제 개발 및 화장품 원료 등 다양한 산업에 활용될 수 있는 잠재력을 가진 자원이다. 본 연구에서 우리는 서해안의 다양한 해양 생물 중에서 전복을 선택하였으며, 전복에서 분리한 항균펩타이드(AMP)를 이용하여 항균펩타이드 유도체인 Ab4-7를 규명하고 생리활성을 연구하였다. Ab4-7의 항염증 효능을 확인하기 위해 염증이 유도된 RAW 264.7에 Ab4-7을 처리한 결과, 염증성 사이토카인, TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS 등을 억제하고 항산화와 관련된 유전인자인 HO-1의 mRNA 발현을 증가시켰다. Ab4-7의 강력한 항산화 및 항염증 효과를 바탕으로, 염증이 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에서 Ab4-7이 extrocellular matrix metalloproteinase (ECM) 분해에 관여하여 다양한 염증성 피부질환을 유도하는 유전자인 matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs)를 조절하는 효과를 RT-PCR을 통해 확인하였다. Ab4-7은 강력한 항염증 및 항산화 효과를 가지고 있으며, 항염증 및 항산화 효과를 통한 MMPs 관련 유전인자 조절을 통해 다양한 염증성 피부질환 치료제의 기능성 재료로 활용될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.709-714
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 다양한 식품원으로부터 7종류의 프로바이오틱스를 분리하여 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석을 통해 동정하였으며, 그 결과 Bacillus sp.와 Lactobacillus sp.로 확인되었다. 먼저 LPS로 활성화 된 RAW 264.7 세포주에 7종의 균주 배양액을 처리한 후, nitric oxide (NO) 생성을 측정하였다. 처리한 균주의 배양액 중 Bacillus sp. FG-1과 Lactobacillus sp. FG-6 균주의 배양액 처리군에서 현저하게 NO 생성이 저해되었다. 또한, 이들의 처리에 의해 COX-2, iNOS 그리고 TNF-α와 같은 pro-inflammatory 유전자의 발현이 감소되었다. 균주가 생산하는 여러 물질중 exopolysaccharide (EPS)가 항염증 활성과 관련이 있는지를 검증하기 위하여 두 균주로부터 EPS를 분리하여, 이들이 NO 생성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 그 결과, 두 균주가 생산하는 EPS가 NO 생성을 농도의존적으로 저해하였고, pro-inflammatory 유전자의 발현도 현저하게 감소시켰다. 이러한 연구결과는 EPS가 프로바이오틱스가 생산하는 여러 물질 중 항염증 활성의 핵심물질 중의 하나가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.