• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2000

Three sesquiterpene lactones (1, 2 and 5) and two lipid glycerols (3 and 4) were isolated from MeOH extract of Ainsliaea acerifolia (Compositae). Based on spectral data, their chemical structures were determined as estafiatone (1), zaluzanin C (2), 3-O-(9Z, 12Z, 15Z-octadecatrienoyl) glycerol (3), 3-O-(9Z, 12Z-octadecadienoyl) glycerol (4) and glucozaluzanin C (5). Compounds 1, 3 and 4 were previously not reported from Ainsliaea species.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1988

Pollens and their preparations that are being sold as a health food in Korea were examined for. morphology and identity. The Iimall packages of sixteen items of the pollen foods were selected and investigated by staining and microscopy. It was shown that all fifteen items except one contained intact pollens which retain their sporoderms. On the basis of their morphological characteristics, they were identified as the pollens of the plants which belong to ten families: Betulaceae, Compositae, Cornaceae, Cgperaceae, Fagaceae, Geraniaceae, Graminae, LeguminoBae, Liliaceae and Pinaceae. Since the sporoderms which can act as a potent allergen to certain persons were not removed, these pollen. foods can not be safe as a food and. may cause systemic allergy. The only preparation that did not show its sporoderm is less likely to cause allergy than the others.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.88-95
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• 1989

Traditional Chinese herbal drugs, namely, Atractylodes Rhizome and Atractylodes Rhizome White were identified by means of chemical analysis such as TLC and GC/MS. In Korea, the old-grown and the newly-grown rhizomes of Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi (Compositae) are used as the Atractylodes Rhizome and the Atractylodes Rhizome White, respectively. Both rhizomes contain the atractylon asa major spot on TLC. The content of atractylon in a newly-grown rhizome of A. japonica (Atractylodes Rhizome White called in Korea) appears to contain much larger quantity in comparison with that of an old-growon one (Atractylodes Rhizome). The TLC spot pattern analysis showed that rhizomes of A. japonica and A. macrocephala contain the atractylon as a major indicator spot, but no atractylodin (extreamly small amount). However, rhizomes of A. lancea De Candolle and A. koreana Kitamura contain the atractylodin as a major indicator spot.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.93-96
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• 2003

This research was undertaken to find the in vitro inflammatory action of the essenetial oil (CS-oil) extracted from Chrysanthemum sibiricum (Compositae) herbs. We investigated the effects of the CS-oil not only on the formation NO, $PGE_2$, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ but also on inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The data obtained were consistent with the modulation of iNOS enzyme expression. A similar fashion was also observed when LPS-induced $PGE_2$ release and COX-2 expression were tested. The significant inhibitory effects were shown in concentration-dependent manners. In addition, CS-oil also mildly but significantly reduced the formation of TNF-a. These findings support the application of CS-oil as an antiinflammatory essential oil.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.660-664
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• 2006

The aerial part of Siegesbeckia pubescens (Compositae) has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and hypertension in the Oriental medicine. This crude drug has been used without process (SP-0) or with three times-process of steaming and drying (SP-3) or the nine times of that process (SP-9). To search for the antinociceptive anti-inflammatory components from this crude drug, activity-directed fractionation was performed on this crude drug. Since the $CHCl_3$ extract was shown to have a more potent effect than other extracts, it was subjected to silica gel & ODS column chromatography to yield two diterpene compounds (1). Compound 1 was structurally identified as ent-16 (H, 17-hydroxykauran-19-oic acid, which were tentatively named siegeskaurolic acid A. A main diterpene, siegeskaurolic acid A was tested for the antiiflammatory antinociceptive effects using both hot plate- and writhing anti-nociceptive assays and carrageenan-induced anti-inflammatory assays in mice and rats. Pretreatment with siegeskaurolic acid A (20 and 30mg/kg) significantly reduced the stretching episodes, action time of mice and carrageenan-induced edema. These results support that siegeskaurolic acid is a main diterpene responsible for antinociceptive and antiiflammatory action of S. pubescens. In addition, the assays on SP-0, SP-3 and SP-9 produced the experimental results that SP-9 had more significant effects than other two crude drugs. These results suggest that the processing on the original plant may lead to the higher pharmacological effect.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-63
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• 1998

In order to compare species-specific calcium metabolism, we collected 127 species belonging to 40 different families grown on various habitats including saline, limestone, wetland during the 1996 vegetation period, and analyzed their inorganic ion contents. Plants investigated were divided into 5 groups according to their physiological properties: 1) Chenopodiaceae, Aizoaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Portulacaceae and Phytolaccaceae of Centrospermales and Polygonaceae (Polygonales had a little water-soluble $Ca^{2+}$ but contained high contents of insoluble $Ca^{2+}$ particularly as Ca-oxalate (Chenopodiaceae type), 2) Some plant species such as Rosaceae produced oxalate in amounts insufficient to precipitate all incoming $Ca^{2+}$ and thus contained a surplus of dissolved $Ca^{2+}$ (Rosaceae type), 3) The contents of water-soluble $Ca^{2+}$ in plant species of Crassulaceae. Plantaginaceae, Asclepiadaceae, and Zygophyllaceae were equal to or greater than those of K ($K/Ca{\leq}1$; Crassulaceae type), and 4) K/Ca ratios of Compositae were significantly fluctuated depending on species and soil $Ca^{2+}$ level of their habitats (Compositae type). 5) Certain monocots (Gramineae, Cyperaceae, Juncaceae), in contrast to the dicotyledonous plant families mentioned above, showed a very distinct type of calcium metabolism, that is, the K/Ca ratios of 8~10 were maintained indifferently in the species and their habitat types (Graminae type). These results plants within the same taxon have similar physiological aspects as weel as morphological attributes. To understand calcium metabolism of certain plant species, therefore, it is desirable to approach on the basis of physiological concept (calciotroph or calciophobe) rather than the ecological one (calcicole or calcifuge).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.235-241
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• 2013

Aucklandia lappa Decne (Compositae) has been used for treatment of abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, chronic inflammation, and antibacterial effect. The quality of these herbs has been affected by many factors such as collection time, place, temperature, cultivation environment and manufacturing process. We used costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone as marker compounds for quality evaluation of rhizome of Aucklandia lappa. 66 samples of Aucklandia lappa were collected from those habitats in Korea and China. The developed HPLC-DAD method was applied to investigate for quality control of Aucklandia lappa samples. The average contents of the costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone were 2.3895% and 0.9258%, respectively. The principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited that classification of Aucklandia lappa according to origin not separated. Results of this study may be satisfactory applied to determination of content criteria of Aucklandia lappa.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.321-328
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• 2008

The research was conducted to identify the antimicrobial effect, anti-oxidative effect and tyrosinase inhibitory effect of MeOH 80% extract and n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions from the extract of six kinds of compositae plants, which are naturally grown across the nation. In the antimicrobial effect, the extract and chloroform fraction of Arctium lappa and hexane/ethyl acetate fractions of Taraxacum platycarpum exhibited significant inhibition. In case of antioxidant effect, the extract of Artemisia capillaries showed the highest effect and ethyl acetate/butanol fractions of all plants showed about 90%, which fractions were more polar than the fractions that showed antimicrobial effect. In case of tyrosinase activity, only the MeOH 80% of Arctium lappa among the extracts showed a potent inhibition, and butanol fraction of Chrysanthemum indicum, as well as ethyl acetate/water fractions of Artemisia capillaries showed 48, 38, and 37% respectively, which were higher than control group (arbutin). These active fractions in tyrosinase inhibition also were higher polarity than those that showed antimicrobial effect. In MeOH 80% extracts, only Arctium lappa was found to have antimicrobial, anti-oxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity, however there was no fraction to show effects commonly in the three assay system.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.9
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• pp.135-146
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• 1991

This study was attempted to know the effect of crude extracts of Allium fistulosum on the seed germination and seedling growth in compositae. The result is as follows; The seed germination and seedling growth in the tested compositae were inhibited by the crude extracts from leaf blade, leaf sheath and root of Allium fistulosum. Generally the crude extracts from leaf blade part showed the highest inhibitory effect in the tested parts. The seed germination was inhibited by the crude extracts of Allium fistulosum extracted with 80% methyl alcohol and distilled water. But the crude extracts which had extracted with distilled water indicated more inhibitory effect than that of 80% methyl alcohol. The seedling growth was depressed by the root residues of Allium fistulosum in the soil after harvesting. The crude extracts had the character of stability in light and heat. Some out of the inhibitors contained the volatile substances.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2015

We surveyed the distribution pattern of weeds in onion, garlic, potato, and barley fields including 304 sites of Gyeongsangbuk-do. The weeds were summarized as 30 family and 125 species in onion crop field, 29 family and 101 species in garlic field, 30 family 88 species in potato field, finally 27 family and 108 species. Compositae was dominant family (26.4%, 33 species), followed by Polygonaceae (8.8%, 11 species), Cruciferae (8.8%, 11 species) in onion field. Compositae was also dominant family (24.8%, 25 species) in garlic field, it was 22.7% (20 species) in potato field, and it was also 24.1% (26 species) in barley field, respectively. Among these winter crops, major five families were occupied 61.1, 58.4, 58.0 and 57.5% in turn at barley, onion, potato and garlic fields. The PCA-covariance plot analysis for investigation of occurrence pattern of weeds by four winter crop fields revealed that the occurrence pattern of weed species in barley field was distinguished by Alopecurus aequalis var. amurensis, Stellaria alsine var. undulate and Stellaria aquatica.