• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.547-548
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• 2010

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.549-550
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• 2010

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.493-503
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• 2014

The NRCS-CN method is generally applied for estimating effective rainfalls in practice, in which the basin-averaged CN is normally used. In order to develop a more appropriate method for estimating effective rainfalls in a basin, this study compared estimated effective rainfalls from two distinct methods with the observed direct runoff. The first method is to estimate the basin-representative effective rainfall using the basin-averaged CN (hereafter, effective rainfall I), whereas the second method to estimate the basin-averaged effective rainfall through areal-averaging sub-area effective rainfalls corresponding to the soil type and landuse type (hereafter, effective rainfall II). The overall results indicated that the effective rainfall II was higher than the effective rainfall I and closer to the observed direct runoff. The study also performed error analyses to verify that the effective rainfall II can be applied in practice in a basin as more accurate estimate of basin-representative effective rainfall.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.808-818
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• 1994

The neutral compounds [$MCl_3L_2$(MeCN)] (M = Mo, V: L = $PPh_3$, 1/2 phda) have been prepared from the reaction of starting material $MCl_z$ (M = Mo; z = 5, M = V; z = 3) with N,P-donating ligands in acetonitrile solution. Addition of $AgClO_4$ to these neutral monomeric compounds in acetone solution were produced [$MCl_3-_nL_2(MeCN)(S)_n$]$(ClO_4)_n$ (n = 1, 2 : s = solvent). Finally treatment of bivalent cationic compound and neutral compound was formed chloride bridged dinuclear complex $[(MeCN)(L)_2ClM({\mu}-Cl)_2M'Cl(L)_2(MeCN)](ClO_4)_2$ and treatment of univalent cationic compound with half equivalent pyrazine to pyrazine bridged complex $[(MeCN)(L)_2Cl_2M({\mu}-pyz)M'Cl_2(L)_2(MeCN)](ClO_4)_2$. These complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, $^1H$, $^{13}C$ NMR, IR, Far-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.17-22
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• 2011

This study is to investigate the effect of the cetane number in ultra low sulfur diesel fuel on combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions at 1500 rpm and 2.6bar BMEP in low-temperature diesel combustion with 1.9L common rail direct injection diesel engine. Low-temperature diesel combustion was achieved by adopting external high EGR rate with the strategic injection control without modification of engine components. Test fuels are ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (sulfur less than 12 ppm) with two cetane numbers (CN), i.e., CN30 and CN55. For the CN30 fuel, as a start of injection (SOI) timing is retarded, the duration of an ignition delay was decreased while still longer than $20^{\circ}CA$ for all the SOI timings. In the meanwhile, the CN55 fuel showed that an ignition delay was monotonically extended as an SOI timing is retarded but much shorter than that of the CN30 fuel. The duration of combustion for both fuels was increased as an SOI timing is retarded. For the SOI timing for the minimum BSFC, the CN30 produced nearly zero PM much less than the CN55, while keeping the level of NOx and the fuel consumption similar to the CN55 fuel. However, the CN30 produced more THC and CO than the CN55 fuel, which may come from the longer ignition delay of CN30 to make fuel and air over-mixed.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 1992

The optimum base material was selected by the thermal decomposition temperature of $CH_{3}CN$ on the surface of various metal oxides, and the FT-IR analyses of its products. On the surface of $SnO_{2}$, $CH_{3}CN$ was initiated to decompose at $130^{\circ}C$ and produced a lot of products at $200^{\circ}C$. The products from the reaction were found to be $H_{2}O$, $NH_{3}$ and CO, but $N_{2}O$ has started to produce at $320^{\circ}C$. The sensing characteristics of $SnO_{2}$ sensor to $CH_{3}CN$ are influenced by the absorbed species which are produced by the oxidation reaction of $CH_{3}CN$ on the surface of metal oxide. The gaseous species produced from the surface of sensing material in the oxidation reaction were found to be CO, $NH_{3}$, $H_{2}O$ and $NO_{x}$ etc.. It was assumed that the amount of $NO_{x}$ play a great role to the determining sensing properties. In the condition of 170 ppm $CH_{3}CN$, the sensitivity and optimum operating temperature of $SnO_{2}$ were 70% and $300^{\circ}C$, respectively. In this research, the response time of $CH_{3}CN$ to $SnO_{2}/Al_{2}O_{3}/Pd$ sensor added with 0.2 wt % Pd was found about 10 sec and sensitivity was also found relatively high.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.775-780
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• 2008

유출곡선지수(SCS-CN)를 사용하는 유역수문모형의 정확도를 향상시키기 위해서는 토지이용별 유출곡선지수가 잘 정의되어야한다. 하지만 논의 경우에는 유출곡선지수가 잘 정의되어 있지않다. 현재까지 연구된 논 CN number로는 경기지역의 조건을 반영한다. 본 연구에서는 영산강 수계와 섬진강 수계에 대한 논의 CN값을 추정하기위해 수문모니터링을 실시하였다. 시험지구는 영산강 수계 내에 위치한 전라남도 함평군 엄다면 화양리 학야지구와 섬진강 수계 내에 위치한 전라북도 순창군 적성면 고원리 적성지구로 2004년부터 2007년 영농기(5월$\sim$9월)동안 모니터링을 실시하였다. 두 시험지구에서 각각 강우량과 유출량을 조사하여 강우-유출 관계식을 유도하여 CN값을 산정하였다. 그 결과 CN-I, CN-II, CN-III 값은 학야지구에서 각각 65, 85, 94로 나타났고, 적성지구에서 각각 69, 89, 97로 나타났다. 이는 기존의 연구와 비교하여 CN-II값이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.196-201
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• 2000

Effects of ginsenosides on NaCN-induced neuronal cell death were studied in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells. NaCN produced a concentration-dependent (1-10 mM) reduction of cell viability (measured by frypan blue exclusion test), that was blocked by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist (MK-801) and L-type Ca$\^$2+/ channel blocker (verapamil). Pretreatment with ginsenosides (Rb$_1$, Rc, Re, Rf and Rg$_1$) significantly decreased the neuronal cell death in a concentration range of 0.5∼5$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Ginsenosides Rb$_1$ and Rc (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) inhibited glutamate release into medium induced by NaCN (5 mM). NaCN (1 mM)-induced increase of [Ca$\^$2+/], was significantly inhibited by the pretreatment of Rb$_1$ and Rc (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). Other ginsenosides caused relatively little inhibition on the elevation of glutamate release and of (Ca$\^$2+/). These results suggest that the NaCN-induced neurotoxicity was related to a series of cell responses consisting of glutamate release and [Ca$\^$2+/]i elevation via glutamate (NMDA and kainate) receptors and resultant cell death, and that ginsenosides, especially Rb$_1$ and Rc, prevented the neuronal cell death by the blockade of the NaCN-induced Ca$\^$2+/influx.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.55-61
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• 1988

이 논문에서는 CS-Semistratifiable 공간보다 더 일반화된 공간 Cn-Semistratifiable을 정의 하며 그에 따른 여러가지 성질들을 조사하였다. 위상 공간(X, $\tau$)에 대하여 $\alpha$$\times$$\tau$에서 X의 폐집합족으로의 함수 S가 존재하여 다음 조건들을 만족할 때 공간X는 Cn-Semistratifiable over $\alpha$라 정의한다. a) 임의의 개집합 U에 대하여 U=U{S($\beta$, U) : $\beta$<$\alpha$} b) U, V가 X의 개집합이고 U⊂CV이면 모든 $\beta$<$\alpha$에 대하여 S($\beta$, V)⊂S($\beta$, V)이다. c) 만약 ${\gamma}$<$\beta$<$\alpha$ 이라면 임의의 개집합 U에 대하여 S(${\gamma}$, U)⊂S($\beta$, U)이다. d) X의 수렴하는 net $X_{\beta}$$\longrightarrow$X와 X를 품는 임의의 개집합 U에 대하여 적당한 $\beta$<$\alpha$가 존재하여 X$\in$S($\beta$. U)이고 { $X_{\beta}$}는 S($\beta$, U)안에 eventual하게 들어간다. 위의 정의에 의하여 다음과 같은 성질들이 증명되었다. 1 . Strstifiable over $\alpha$$\longrightarrow$cn-semistratifiable over$\longrightarrow$semistratifiable over $\alpha$ 2, 어떤 공간이 cn-Semistratifiable over $\alpha$이기 위한 필요충분 조건은 그것이 linearly cushioned cn-pairnet를 갖는 것이다. 3. cn-semistratifiable over $\alpha$의 부분공간 역시 cn-semistratifiabie over $\alpha$ 하다. 4. on-semistratifiable over $\alpha$의 유한개의 적공간 역시 cn-semistratifiabie over $\alpha$한다. 5. 폐 cn-semistratifiable over $\alpha$ 부분공간들의 합공간 역시 on-semistrbtifiable over $\alpha$ 하다. 6. 폐연속 net-cevering 함수에 의하여 cn-semistratifiable over $\alpha$ 성질이 보존된다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.805-814
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• 2010

The Crank-Nicolson isotropic-dispersion finite difference time domain(CN ID-FDTD) scheme is proposed based on isotropic-dispersion finite difference(ID-FD) $equation^{[1],[2]}$. The dispersion relation of CN ID-FDTD is derived for lossy media by solving the eigenvalue problem of iteration matrix in spatial spectral domain, in addition, the weighting factors and scaling factors of the CN ID-FDTD scheme are presented for low dispersion error. The CN ID-FDTD scheme makes the dispersion error drastically reduced and shows accurate numerical results compared to the conventional Crank-Nicolson FDTD method.