• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.99-114
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to introduce the Chuna Manual Therapy (CMT) using Bong (a type of stick which is called 'bong') as a part of Oriental Medicine. Methods : We searched several traditional methods of CMT using Bong, either individual contact to specialist of CMT using Bong or referred to publications, and summarized briefly for introduction. Authors also made a comparative study between existing CMT and CMT using the bong. Results & Conclusions : The indications of Bong CMT are regarded as acute or chronic pain syndrome, whiplash associated disorders, facet syndrome, vertebral misalignment, chronic fatigue syndrome, obesity and also lower extremity length difference caused by malalignment of vertebrae and pelvic bone. The Meridian Muscle Therapy by pressing down using the Bong can be carried out on the imbalances of the muscle by shortening and lengthening contraction. CMT with Bong is considered more effective than other existing CMT in terms of effectiveness. In the case of pelvic correction which needs a tremendous amount of force, it can reduce the force required effectively. This fact can be inferred by the theory of composition and decomposition of force during the transmission of power. We can perform Bong CMT feeling less fatigued subsequently than general CMT. Pressing down with flexed fingers to grip bong acts on the contraction of flexor digiti and extensor digiti muscle, this protects the $doctor^{\circ}{\emptyset}s$ wrist joints from injury. The bong which acts as a tool between the doctor and the patient, while being given treatment, absorbs and spreads out the direct impact from the patient to the doctor. CMT with Bong is able to apply to both existing massage therapies with the hand. The bong appliance can be used in all applications, particularly, but not limited to; Orthopedic and Manual Correction Therapy, Meridian Muscle Pressing, Exercise Therapy, and Meridian Point Manual Pressing Therapy. CMT with Bong belongs to the category of oriental rehabilitation and Chuna manual medicine.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-57
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• 2006

Objective : This research investigates the effect of the CMT and MCMT on Alzheimer‘s disease. Methods : The effects of the CMT and MCMT extract on (1) amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE) mRNA of PC-12 cells treated with CT-105; (2) the AChE activity and the APP production of PC-12 cell treated with CT-105; (3) the behavior; (4) expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, MDA, GFAP, CD68 abd CD11b; (5) the infarction area of the hippocampus in Alzheimer's diseased mice induced with ${\beta}A$ were investigated. Results : 1. The CMT and MCMT extract suppressed the expression of APP, AChE, and mRNA in PC-12 cells treated with CT-105. 2. The CMT and MCMT extract suppressed the AChE activity, and the production of APP significantly in PC-12 cells treated with CT-105. 3. For the CMT and MCMT extract group a significant inhibitory effect on the memory deficit was shown for the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by ${\beta}A$ in the Morris water maze experiment, which measured stop-through latency, and distance movement-through latency. 4. The CMT and MCMT extract suppressed the over-expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, MDA, GFAP, CD68 abd CD11bCD68/GFAP, in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by ${\beta}A$. 5. The CMT and MCMT extract reduced the infarction area of hippocampus with Alzheimer's disease induced by ${\beta}A$ 6. The MCMT showed more excellent effects than CMT in the every experiments except PC-12 cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that the CMT and MCMT extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the CMT and MCMT extract for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.79-105
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• 2006

Objective : This research aims to investigates the effects of CMT and HCMT on Dementia. and we also want to know the different effect of CMT, HCMT by drug types. Methods : The research is progressed by two types of experiment. one experiment is BV2 microglial cell line treated by LPS in vitro and another experiment is memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine in vivo. Results : The CMT and HCMT is effective in BV2 microglial cell line treated by LPS in vitro and in the serum of the memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine in vivo. But, there is no significant difference between CMT and HCMT extract&nano powder in experimental conclusion. Conclusions : These results suggest that the two drug types of CMT and HCMT may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Dementia. Investigation into the further study two drug types of the CMT and HCMT for Dementia is suggested for future research.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chuna manual therapy(CMT) in the treatment of rotator cuff disorder. Methods We searched th following nine online databases without language restriction (MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane library, Ebscohost, CNKI, RISS, NDSL, KMBASE, and KISS) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used CMT in the treatment of rotator cuff disorder. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results Four RCTs were included. in the meta-analysis. CMT resulted in a significant reduction in symptoms in these trials. However, there was a high risk of bias in the RCTs. Conclusions We reviewed RCTs that studied the effects of CMT for rotator cuff disorder. While the studies indicate that CMT has favorable effects on rotator cuff disorder. But the risk of bias for most of the studies was high. Therefore, high-quality studies are required to make further conclusions.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.42-53
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• 1995

광주시 지역에서 사육하고 있는 젖소 1,614두중 유방염으로 의심되는 730분방 중에서 170분방을 검사분석하여 유방률, 균의 분리와 간이검사법과의 관계, 계절별 분리균의 분포, 항균 요법제에 대한 감수성 등을 검사하였다. 본 원인균은 730분방 중 134분방(18.4%)에서 분리되었으며 체세포 숫자는 평균 $1.620 imes 10^6pm 1.167 imes 10^6/ml$(C.V. 72.0%)이었다. CMT 반응치는 평균 $2.9pm 1.2$(C.V. 41.4%)이었으며 WT 반응치는 평균 $2.8pm 1.2$(C.V. 42.9%)이었다. RBVT와 CMT의 상관계수는 0.82(P<0.001)이었고 RBVT와 WT의 상관계수는 0.75 (P<0.001)이었으며 CMT와 WT의 상관계수는 0.93 (P<0.001)이었다. 체세포 숫자를 기준으로 하여 CMT 및 WT의 양성율을 비교하여 보면 원인균이 분리된 경우에는 체세포 숫자가 $0.49 imes 10^6$ 이하/ml의 경우에 반응치가 1+일때의 CMT는 72.4%, WT는 42.1%이었고 체세포 숫자가 $0.50 imes 10^6~1.00 imes 10^6/ml$의 경우에 반응치가 2+일 대의 CMT는 45.5%, WT는 48.8%이었으며, 체세포 숫자가 $3.01 imes 10^6$ 이상/ml의 경우에 반응치가 3+일 때의 CMT는 73.7%, WT는 92.3%이었다. 원인균의 월별 분리 빈도를 보면 8월 (17.9%)이 가장 높았고 다음은 9월(16.4%), 7월 (12.7%), 6월 (11.2%), 1월 (9.0%)의 순이었다. 원인균의 분리 빈도를 보면 Staphylococcus sp. (51.4%)가 가장 높았고 다음은 Escherichia coli(23.9%), Pseudomonas sp. (11.2%). Streptococcus sp. (6.7%)의 순이었다. 항균 요법제에 대한 감수성은 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole은 Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus sp., Salmonella sp. 등에 높았고 gentamycin은 Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Salmonella sp. 등에 높았으며 enrofloxacin은 일반적으로 거의 모든 균에서 감수성이 높았다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2011

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is clinically heterogeneous hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies with genetic heterogeneity, age-dependent penetrance, and variable expressivity. Rare copy number variations by nonrecurrent rearrangements have recently been suggested to be associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A (CMT1A) neuropathy. In our previous study, we found three Korean CMT1A families with rare copy number variations (CNVs) on 17p12 by nonrecurrent rearrangement. Careful clinical examinations were performed in all the affected individuals with rare CNVs (n=19), which may be the first full study of a subject from a large CMT1A family with nonrecurrent rearrangement. The clinical phenotype showed no significant difference compared with common CMT1A patients, but with variable phenotypes. In particular, a broad intrafamilial phenotypic spectrum was observed within the same family, which may suggest the existence of a genetic modifier. This study may broaden the understanding of the role of CNVs in the pathogenesis of CMT.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the scientific literature demonstrating the effectiveness of Chuna manual therapy (CMT) in the treatment of spinal scoliosis. Methods : A literature search was conducted using eight electronic databases to identify all randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) that investigated CMT as a treatment for spinal scoliosis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality of each RCT. Results : Five RCTs met our inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. These studies demonstrated positive results of CMT with respect to the reduction of Cobb's angle, vertebral rotation angle score, bending test score, and efficacy rate compared with brace treatment. Positive results were also assured, in terms of the reduction of Cobb's angle, pulmonary function, and efficacy rate when comparing CMT combined with other therapy with brace treatment, gymnastic training, or traction therapy. Conclusions : This review has identified encouraging and limited evidence of CMT for the treatment of spinal scoliosis. However, to obtain stronger evidence, without the disadvantages of study design and quality, we recommend that treatment effectiveness of CMT for spinal scoliosis is investigated further using a well-designed RCT.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2015

Purpose: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a peripheral neuropathy mainly divided into CMT type 1 (CMT1) and CMT2 according to the phenotype and genotype. Although molecular pathologies for each genetic causative have not been revealed in CMT2, the correlation between cell death and accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of Schwann cells is well documented in CMT1. Establishment of in vitro models of ER stress-mediated Schwann cell death might be useful in developing drug-screening systems for the treatment of CMT1. Materials and Methods: To develop high-throughput screening (HTS) systems for CMT1, we generated cell models using transient expression of mutant proteins and chemical induction. Results: Overexpression of wild type and mutant peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) induced ER stress. Similar results were obtained from mutant myelin protein zero (MPZ) proteins. Protein localization revealed that expressed mutant PMP22 and MPZ proteins accumulated in the ER of Schwann cells. Overexpression of wild type and L16P mutant PMP22 also reduced cell viability, implying protein accumulation-mediated ER stress causes cell death. To develop more stable screening systems, we mimicked the ER stress-mediated cell death in Schwann cells using ER stress inducing chemicals. Thapsigargin treatment caused cell death via ER stress in a dose dependent manner, which was measured by expression of ER stress markers. Conclusion: We have developed genetically and chemically induced ER stress models using Schwann cells. Application of these models to HTS systems might facilitate the elucidation of molecular pathology and development of therapeutic options for CMT1.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2003

Clinical studies were carried out 25 cases through administration of Chongmyungtang added Grape Juice(CMT+GJ) from December 1st 2002 to December 31th 2002. The results were summarized as follows; 1. There were significant decreases in physical symptoms of fatigue from $4.64{\pm}2.71$ to $2.52{\pm}1.78$ by administration of CMT+GJ. 2. There were significant decreases in mental symptoms of fatigue from $5.44{\pm}2.38$ to $3.88{\pm}2.03$ by administration of CMT+GJ. 3. There were significant decreases in neuro-sensory symptoms of fatigue from $3.84{\pm}2.03$ to $2.88{\pm}2.07$ by administration of CMT+GJ. 4. There were significant decreases in total subjective symptoms of fatigue from $13.92{\pm}5.42$ to $9.28{\pm}4.21$ by administration of CMT+GJ. 5. There were not significant changes in VAS of fatigue and attention ratio by administration of CMT+GJ. According to the results, we could suggest that CMT+GJ is able to be applied to the development of concentration.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review clinical studies about the effect of chuna manual therapy (CMT) for peripheral facial paralysis in children. Methods : In this review, we searched 11 electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, CAJ, Oasis, NDSL, KISS, RISS, KISTI, Dbpia); We concluded our literature search in April 23, 2019. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of testing CMT for peripheral facial paralysis in children. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The meta-analysis was performed by synthesizing outcome data of total efficacy rate (TER). Results : After screening papers, a total of 6 RCTs were selected and analyzed. In the 6 RCTs, patients(n=15-60 per study) were randomized into groups for treatment and control. Specifically, the treatment group received CMT, while the control group was concurrently given usual care, such as acupuncture and medicine. The meta-analysis showed that the treatment group receiving CMT alone showed significant improvement in TER, compared to the control group receiving acupuncture therapy alone(P<0.05). And the treatment group receiving CMT combined with usual care showed positive results, in terms of TER, compared to the control group receiving usual care, but was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusions : Our analysis suggests that CMT has therapeutic effects for peripheral facial paralysis in children. However, to confirm this result, further investigation accompanied by high quality studies is required.