• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate effects of Cordyceps militaris(CM) on osteoclast differentiation and its related gene expression. Methods: We used mouse myeloid cells RAW 264.7 stimulated by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL) to induce osteoclast differentiation. There are four groups of which RAW 264.7 cells are not stimulated by RANKL (Normal), stimulated by RANKL without CM(Control), stimulated by RANKL with 0.1 ${\mu}g/ml$ of CM(CM 0.1), stimulated by RANKL with 1 ${\mu}g/ml$ of CM(CM 1). Osteoclastogenesis was measured by counting Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells [TRAP(+) MNC]. RT-PCR was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of CM on gene expression(TRAP, AKT1, JNK1, NFATc1, c-Fos, MITF). Results: 1. CM decreased the number of TRAP(+) osteoclast in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell at the concentration of 0.1 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 1 ${\mu}g/ml$. 2. CM decreased the expression of TRAP in osteoclast at the concentration of 1 ${\mu}g/ml$. 3. CM decreased the expression of AKT1, JNK1 in osteoclast at the concentration of 1 ${\mu}g/ml$. 4. CM didn't affect the expression of NFATc1, c-Fos, MITF in osteoclast. Conclusions: Cordyceps militaris has inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation and its related gene expression. These results suggest that Cordyceps militaris has a potential as a treatment of osteoporosis.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 스테레오 영상에서 좌ㆍ우측 영상을 입력받아 거리 변화에 따른 얼굴인식률을 PCA(Principal Component Analysis) 알고리듬으로 비교한다. 제안된 방법에서는 RGB컬러공간에서 YCbCr컬러공간으로 변환하여 얼굴영역을 검출한다. 또한 스테레오 영상을 이용하여 거리를 취득한 후 추출된 얼굴영상의 확대 및 축소하여 보다 강건한 얼굴영역을 추출하고, PCA 알고리듬으로 인식률을 실험하였다. 취득된 얼굴영상의 평균적인 인식결과로 98.61%(30cm), 98.91%(50cm), 99.05%(100cm), 99.90%(120cm), 97.31%(150cm), 96.71%(200cm)의 인식률을 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 실험을 통하여 제안된 방법은 거리에 따라 확대 및 축소를 적용하면 높은 인식률을 얻을 수 있음을 보였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.366-376
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• 1999

In order to examine the catching selectivity of the ark shell(Scapharca broughtonii) dredge, the various factors affecting the selective action of the dredge are analyzed, and the probabilities of the ark shell not shifting through the gaps between the teeth, and the mesh of the netting bag, are calculated for the various shell lengths, using the relation between the posture and the length when the shell passes through these parts.Considering that the probability of making catch is the product of the both probabilities described above, and that this probability is proportional to the relative catching efficiency, the selectivity curves for the ark shell dredge were estimated for various gaps between the teeth and for the various mesh sizes of the netting bag. The obtained results are summarized as follows :1. The ratios of the shell length of ark shell to the distance between teeth indicating the relative catching efficiency of 0%, 50, 100% respectively were 1.0, 1.26~1.28, 1.47~1.44, and that the selection ranges of selective shell length by the distance between teeth were 0.47~0.44, where the distances between teeth were 3.2cm, 3.6cm, 4.0cm, 4.4cm and 4.8cm. 2. The ratios of the shell length of ark shell to the mesh size indicating the relative catching efficiency of 0%, 50%, 100% respectively were 0.67, 0.84, 0.97 and that the selection range of shell length for catching, that in the range of selective shell length by the mesh size was 0.31, where the distance of 4.0cm between teeth, mesh size of 6.0 cm and the smaller mesh angle of $60^{\circ}$3. Where the distance between teeth is 4.0 cm and the smaller mesh angle is $60^{\circ}$, the selection range of shell length for catching of the ark shell dredge is decreased according to the mesh size, and it is minimized by 0.20 in the mesh size of 9.0~10.0 cm, but increased in the mesh size of over 11.0 cm. 4. Where the distance between teeth is 4.0 cm, the selective action by the mesh size of netting bag is begun with the mesh size of over 10.0 cm.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to select suitable planting base for the mat-type rooftop greening in order to popularize rooftop greening system easily. The experiment was conducted from 2004 June to 2005 May under several conditions; 4 soil depths under mats(2cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm), two soil mixtures(natural soil 80%+leaf mold 20%, artificial soil) and two light conditions(full sun place, 20% shaded place). In this experiment, 3 types of mats were used ; the herbaceous plants mat(11 plants inclusive of Lotus corniculatus L., Silene armeria L.), the lawn mat with Festica arundinacea and Sedum mat with Sedum kamtschaticum, Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum oryzifolium, Sedum middendorffianum. The result is as follows; in the mat-type rooftop greening, the herbaceous plants mat, lawn mat and sedum mat are the similar number of plant and effect of greening on soil depth 2cm, 5cm and 10cm, 15cm. So suitable soil depth of rooftop greening is 10cm for the load and economical factor. Thus the mat-type rooftop greening possible planting base depth of all 13cm as soil depth 10cm and mat depth 3cm. As soil mixtures, the number and growth of plants were better mat and 'natural soil 80% +leaf mold 20%' than mat and artificial soil. In herbaceous plants mat, Silene armeria L., Dianthus chinensis, Centaurea cyanus L., Lotus corniculatus L. are survival in full sun place and Silene armeria L., Dianthus chinensis, Centaurea cyanus L. are survival in 20% shaded place. In conclusion, selection of suitable soil mixtures and plants is possible extensive management rooftop greening with effect of continuous greening. The mat-type rooftop greening are lightweight and simple preparation without management and can popularize readily.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.340-349
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• 1991

1987년 8월 24일부터 9월 28일까지 경기만에 발달한 조류 기원 사퇴위에서 측정한 조류 자료를 분석하여 해저면 상부 1.0 m 에서의 조류 속도(U /SUP 100/) 및 경계면에 서의 전단 속도(U /SUP */)를 구하였다. 전 조사기간 동안 평균 조류 속도는 중충(해 저면 상부 9.0 m)에서 창조시 56.3 cm/sec, 낙조시 63.7 cm/sec 의 지수는 0.15로 추 정된다. 해저 경계층에서의 유속 구조가 대수적 속도 구조 (logarithmix velocity profile) 가정을 이용하여 구한 U /SUP 100/, U /SUP */의 평균값은 각각 41.4 cm/sec로 계산되었다. 본 연구에서 계산된 평균 U /SUP */ 값은 (2.39 cm/sec)동일 지 역에서 최(1990)가 보고한 경계면에서의 임계전단 속도 U /SUP *c/ 보다 상당히 크며, 따라서 본 연구지역의 모래는 대부분의 조석 기간중 쉽게 침식 운반되는 것으로 보여 진다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2010

본 연구는 합리적인 단지 내 도로포장의 표준단면을 제시하기 위해 국내외 단지 내 도로포장 설계기준, 주요 파손형태를 조사하고 다양한 포장설계 단면을 대상으로 구조해석을 수행하였다. 이때, 현장에서 사용된 보조기층재와 노상토의 시편을 채취하여 CBR 및 MR 시험을 실시하였으며, 측정한 물성치를 구조해석에 적용하였다. 다양한 현장조건을 고려한 구조해석 결과를 분석하여, 표준단면의 포장층 두께를 보조기층 20cm, 아스팔트기층 5cm, 그리고 표층 5cm로 제안하였다. 또한, 민원이 예상되는 도시지역에서는 일반적으로 아스팔트 기층을 포설한 후 공사차량을 개방하여 작업종료 후에 표층을 포설하게 되는데 이러한 여건을 고려하여 단지 내 아스팔트 콘크리트 포장 표준단면의 포장층의 두께를 보조기층 20cm, 아스팔트 기층 7cm, 그리고, 표층 5cm로 제시하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.1122-1129
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• 2010

Various soil tests were performed in the laboratory after soil samples were obtained from natural terrains distributed on the granitic rocks where are located in Mt. Bukhan, Mt. Surak and Mt. Gwanak around Seoul. Through the comparison of soil properties in each mountain, the difference of soil properties in a similar geological condition was investigated. According to the result of soil test, the soils were generally classified into calyey and silty sands with a well grade. Soil densities are ranged from $2.62kg/cm^3$ to $2.67kg/cm^3$, and water contents of soils are ranged from 3.77% to 31.12%. These values are not sorted locally. The wet unit weights of soils are ranged from $1.092kg/cm^3$ to $1.814kg/cm^3$. It has a big difference between the average values because that of Mt. Bukhan is $1.604kg/cm^3$ and those of Mt. Surak and Mt. Gwanak are $1.500kg/cm^3$ and $1.331kg/cm^3$, respectively. The internal friction angles are ranged from $31^{\circ}$ to $39^{\circ}$ and the cohesions are ranged from 1.57kPa to 8.63kPa. The shear strengths are too high and similar in all regions. The coefficients of permeability are ranged from $3.07{\times}10^{-3}cm/sec$ to $4.61{\times}10^{-2}cm/sec$. So, these soils are evaluated as a middle to high permeable ground. On average, the value of Mt. Bukhan is $1.47{\times}10^{-2}cm/sec$ and the values of Mt. Surak and Mt. Kwanak are $1.29{\times}10^{-2}cm/sec$ and $1.66{\times}10^{-2}cm/sec$, respectively.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2004년도 제29회 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.39-42
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• 2004

빔선질보정인수(kQ)의 인자 중에서 이온함 중심전극 물질의 공기 비등가성에 대한 보정인수 Pcel 값은 TG-51이 기준 깊이로 정한 물 깊이 10cm에 기반하지 않고 5cm에 기반한 데이터를 사용하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 선량계의 깊이가 5cm 에서 10cm로 변화함에 따라 광자의 에너지스펙트럼의 변화가 예상되며 이로 인한 Pcel 값 (그리고 이에 따른 Pcel 결정식)의 변화 정도를 몬테칼로 전산모사 방법을 통하여 확인하는데 있다. 확인 결과, 선량계의 깊이가 5cm에서 10cm로 변화하더라도 Pcel 값은 0.2% 통계오차 범위 내에서 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1996

A radiation beam incident on irregular or sloping surface produces an inhomogeneity of absorbed dose. The use of a tissue compensator can partially correct this dose inhomogeneity. The tissue compensator should be made based on experimentally measured thickness ratio. The thickness ratio depends on beam energy, distance from the tissue compensator to the surface of patient, field size, treatment depth, tissue deficit and other factors. In this study, the thickness ratio was measured for various field size of $5cm{\times}5cm,\;10cm{\times}10cm,\;15cm{\times}15cm,\;20cm{\times}20cm$ for 4MV X-ray beams. The distance to the compensator from the X-ray target was fixed, 49cm, and measurement depth was 3, 5, 7, 9 cm. For each measurement depth, the tissue deficit was changed from 0 to(measurement depth-1)cm by 1cm increment. As a result, thickness ratio was decreased according to field size and tissue deficit was increased. Use of a representative thickness ratio for tissue compensator, there was $10\%$ difference of absorbed dose but use of a experimentally measured thickness ratio for tissue compensator, there was $2\%$ difference of absorbed dose. Therefore, it can be concluded that the tissue compensator made by experimentally measured thickness ratio can produce good distribution with acceptable inhomogeneity and such tissue compensator can be effectively applied to clinical radiotherapy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1457-1463
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• 2005

In this research, the possibilities of using canola meal (CM) in place of soybean meal (SBM), and also the effects of multi-enzyme and phytase supplementation on the performance of quails were investigated. For this purpose, soybean meal (44% CP), canola meal (37% CP), phytase (produced from Peniophora luci) and multi-enzyme ($\beta$-glucanases, pectinases, cellulases and hemicellulases) were used. CM was used supplying 0, 25 and 50% of CP from SBM and each of the phytase and multi-enzyme blends were added to the each level. This study was conducted with 675 day old quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) in 9 groups with 3 replicates including 25 birds (mixed sex) per replicate. Nine isocalaric and isonitrogenous diets were prepared. The effects of enzymes and CM levels were studied with a 3${\times}$3${\times}$3 factorial arrangement for three CM levels (0, 25 and 50%), three treatments (without enzyme, phytase enzyme and multi-enzyme) and three replicates. While the 25% CM level did not affect the liveweight gain 50% CM level decreased the liveweight gain (p<0.05). Multi-enzyme addition to the 50% CM group increased the liveweight gain compared to the other groups (p<0.05). CM levels and enzyme supplementation had no effect on feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, viability, tibia ash content, Ca and P contents of tibia ash, viscera weight, gizzard weight and length of growth period. While heart weight and liver weight were not affected by CM levels, but they were affected by enzyme supplementation. CM levels and enzyme supplementation did not affect final liveweight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, egg yield, egg weight, shell weight and shell index during laying period. The increase in the CM level lightened the colour of the yolk (p<0.05).