• Title/Summary/Keyword: CM

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Transition of Domestic Construction Management Market Structure (국내 건설사업관리 시장의 구조적 변화 분석)

  • Yun, Ha-Jung;Kim, Ji-Sun;Lee, Yoon-Sun;Kim, Jae-Jun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2012.11a
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    • pp.277-278
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    • 2012
  • After the introduction of CM(construction management) for improving productability in construction industry, the CM market was shown to actively grow shape until 2007 but suddenly appears passive movement of the market after in 2008. However, on one hand, the CM corporations has increased, because the construction supervision market come to the CM market area by reduction their work place. Because of this, it was discussed that will intensify competition between companies in the CM market. Therefore, this paper want to analyze to status of the CM market structure for studying about the CM industry status and change during last 3 years. As a result, by decreasing the Market concentration, the CM market competition rate did not too high with business despite that CM market downsize and has been increased the number of companies.

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Characteristics of Hardening Behavior of Korean Rhus Lacquer by F.T.-I.R. (F.T.-I.R.에 의한 한국산 옷액의 경화거동 특성)

  • Lee, Phil-Woo;Kim, Hyun-Joong
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.10-14
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    • 1990
  • 한국산 옻액의 경화거동을 알아보기 위하여 F.T.-I.R. 분석을 수행하였다. Acetone 추출한 urushiol의 F.T.-I.R. peak는 $3,422cm^{-1}$, $2,928cm^{-1}$, $1,622cm^{-1}$, $1,475cm^{-1}$, $1,281cm^{-1}$, $984cm^{-1}$, $947cm^{-1}$, $735cm^{-1}$이었다. 또한, 옻액의 정시경화거동에서 $1,651cm^{-1}$ peak는 urushiol-quinone이 laccase의 촉매작용에 의하여 산화중합한 후 982와 $947cm^{-1}$의 conjugated diene와 결합해서 dimer 형성을 알 수 있었다.

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한국인 성인 남여의 발형태에 관한 연구

  • 이영숙
    • Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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    • 1996.04a
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    • pp.218-223
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    • 1996
  • The foot shape from the right and left feet was taken with 78 male and 213 female Korean subjects. The results are as follows. 1) Mean values and standard deviations of 25items concering the foot : Measurements performed on Korean adults(male and female) show that male left foot length is in average somewhat longer than the corresponding right foot length(25.35Cm against 25.32Cm) and on the contrary that the circumference of the left foot is slightly smaller than for the right foot. For the same tendency is verified in female feet. 2) Correlations between measurement items : Finding a correlation of more than 0.08 only between the foot length to suggest that the present system of ready-made "shoe" size system, based only on foot length, is not a quite appropriate system. 3) Distribution between foot width, foot girth, instep height and foot length : Foot length showed from 21.52Cm to 24.0Cm in the female subjects and from 24.0Cm to 26.5Cm in the male subjects for the standard type. Foot width showed from 7.5Cm to 10.0Cm in female and from 8.5Cm to 10.5Cm in male for the standard type.dard type.

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An Analysis of Perceptions by Road Construction Engineers on ICEC Framework at the time of System Transition, from Responsibility Supervision to Construction Management (II) - Focused on CM Terminology & ICEC Coordination - (책임감리가 건설사업관리(CM)로 전환시 도입된 역량지수(ICEC)에 대한 도로건설기술자들의 인식 분석(II) - CM 용어와 ICEC 조정을 중심으로 -)

  • Park, Hyo-Sung;Kim, Nak-Seok
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.35 no.6
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    • pp.1357-1366
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    • 2015
  • This study (II) aims to draw up the future-oriented construction policy recommendations based on the outcomes as a result of a broad research and conducting questionnaire surveys on the arguable issues raised by construction engineers for roads and bridges in the course of previous study (I) implementation. As for the question of "The term 'Construction Management (CM)' which currently is defined in two (2) ways", 45% of respondents have answered that two (2) different types of CM should be unified into one (1) CM type as is the case in most advanced countries. About the question of "The ways to educate the CM professionals", many respondents have preferred to acquire CM professional certificate after receiving education for a certain period of time from private CM training institutions. As for the question of The revised draft that the ICEC grade of special engineers for design, construction and quality control areas shall be "more than 78 points from a more than 75 points by the original draft." 52% of respondents preferred to maintain the original draft. About the question of "The reason why the CM system has not been working well yet." 62% of respondents have answered that the staff members who are in charge of handling public project procurements are concerned about the fact that their roles (or activities) might be deprived as a result of CM adoption. In order for the CM system to be activated, based on the notion that the construction projects must be out soured, the reshuffle of the headquarter organization of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation (MLIT) should be preceded.

Improvement through Analysis of Current Open Book Policy for the Korean CM at Risk (국내 시공책임형 CM 오픈북 정책 현황 분석을 통한 개선방안)

  • Park, Kyungmo;Kim, Changduk
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.3-11
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    • 2016
  • CM at Risk has been introduced in Korea to keep up with the global standards of construction management and provide a higher quality of cm service in line with a rapid change of the construction industry recently. However, it is widely considered that more time would required to settle down the system due to a lack of understanding towards CM at Risk, shortage of reliability and low capability to manage and undertake CM at Risk. Therefore, this research is analyzed problems of contract types, open book policies, and contract conditions of 33 numbers of projects undertaken by a bespoke domestic construction management firm in this research. Moreover, this research is suggested a method to establish an open book policy of CM at Risk aiming a better customers satisfaction through staff training, simplifying and improving a payment system, and a way to settle down an open book policy by improving a performance management system on site. It's expected that this research will contribute to a more competitive system with more dominating the market and a differentiation of the service so as clients to rely more on the CM at Risk.

Effects of Seedling Ages on Growth and Yield of Cynanchum wilfordii $H_{EMSLY}$ (백하수오(白何首烏)의 묘령(苗齡)에 따른 생육(生育)과 수량(收量))

  • Choi, In-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.121-125
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    • 1998
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of direct seeding and planting of seedlings in different ages on yield and yield characteristics of Cynanchum wilfordii $H_{EMSLY}$. Emergence date was three days earlier in direct seeding compared to May 14 in plots planted with one - or three - year - old seedlings. Petiole length was 16cm and 26cm longer in direct seeding and 1 - year - old seedlings, respectively, compared to 279cm in plot of 3 - year - old seedling. Root diameter was 0.4cm thicker in direct seeding and 0.5cm thicker in 1 - year - old seedlings compared to 1.0cm in seedlings of three years old. Root length was 7.2cm shorter in direct seeding, but was 0.6cm longer in 1 - year - old seedlings than 32.2cm in seedlings of three years old. Yield increased by 29 % in direct seeding and 55% in seedlings of one year old compared to 1,403kg/l0a in 3 - year - old seedlings. In cultivation of Cynanchum wilfordii $H_{EMSLY}$, the suitable planting methods were direct seeding or the use of 1 - year - old seedlings which were profitable at higher density as $50{\times}10cm$.

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Signal Treatement for Topex/Poseidon Satellite Altimetric Data and Its Application near the Korean Seas (Topex/Poseidon위성 고도계 자료에 대한 신호처리 및 한반도 주변해역에 대한 그 적용)

  • Yoon, Hong-Joo
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.12-31
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    • 1999
  • Topex/Poseidon satellite altimetric data are used to estimate characteristics on the oceanic and atmospheric correction factors, and the mean sea level and its variations in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the East Sea from September 1992 through August 1994(70cycles). For the atmospheric correction factors, the variations of dry troposphere, humid troposphere, ionosphere and inverted barometer were very small as a few centimeters, but the variations of electromagnetic bias were higher than other factors. For the oceanic correction factors, the variations of ocean tide(35cm in track 127 and 60cm in track 214) showed high ranges compared to elastic tide(5cm in track 127 and 1cm in track 214) and loading tide(1.8cm in track 127 and 1cm in track 214). It should be understood that the variations of ocean free surface is mainly under the influence of, firstly, ocean tide and, secondly, electromagnetic bias. Mean sea level in the Yellow Sea are higher than in the rest of Seas. Then its range generally comprised between -60cm and 210cm with mean value of about 100cm. Also its variations showed high values in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, especially 5.689cm in Youngampo. This result is mainly due to the effects of local topography and tidal current.

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A Study of Decrease Exposure Dose for the Radiotechnologist in PET/CT (PET-CT 검사에서 방사선 종사자 피폭선량 저감에 대한 방안 연구)

  • Kim, Bit-Na;Cho, Suk Won;Lee, Juyoung;Lyu, Kwang Yeul;Park, Hoon-Hee
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 2015
  • Positron emission tomography scan has been growing diagnostic equipment in the development of medical imaging system. Compare to 99mTc emitting 140 keV, Positron emission radionuclide emits 511 keV gamma rays. Because of this high energy, it needs to reduce radioactive emitting from patients for radio technologist. We searched the external dose rates by changing distance from patients and measure the external dose rates when we used shielder investigate change external dose rates. In this study, the external dose distribution were analyzed in order to help managing radiation protection of radio technologists. Ten patients were searched (mean age: $47.7{\pm}6.6$, mean height: $165.5{\pm}3.8cm$, mean weight: $65.9{\pm}1.4kg$). Radiation was measured on the location of head, chest, abdomen, knees and toes at the distance of 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 cm, respectively. Then, all the procedure was given with a portable radiation shielding on the location of head, chest, and abdomen at the distance of 100, 150, and 200 cm and transmittance was calculated. In 10 cm, head ($105.40{\mu}Sv/h$) was the highest and foot($15.85{\mu}Sv/h$) was the lowest. In 200 cm, head, chest, and abdomen showed similar. On head, the measured dose rates were $9.56{\mu}Sv/h$, $5.23{\mu}Sv/h$, and $3.40{\mu}Sv/h$ in 100, 150, and 200 cm, respectively. When using shielder, it shows $2.24{\mu}Sv/h$, $1.67{\mu}Sv/h$, and $1.27{\mu}Sv/h$ in 100, 150, and 200 cm on head. On chest, the measured dose rates were $8.54{\mu}Sv/h$, $4.90{\mu}Sv/h$, $3.44{\mu}Sv/h$ in 100, 150, and 200 cm, respectively. When using shielder, it shows $2.27{\mu}Sv/h$, $1.34{\mu}Sv/h$, and $1.13{\mu}Sv/h$ in 100, 150, and 200 cm on chest. On abdomen, the measured dose rates were $9.83{\mu}Sv/h$, $5.15{\mu}Sv/h$, and $3.18{\mu}Sv/h$ in 100, 150, and 200 cm, respectively. When using shielder, it shows $2.60{\mu}Sv/h$, $1.75{\mu}Sv/h$, and $1.23{\mu}Sv/h$ in 100, 150, and 200 cm on abdomen. Transmittance was increased as the distance was expanded. As the distance was further, the radiation dose were reduced. When using shielder, the dose were reduced as one-forth of without shielder. The Radio technologists are exposed of radioactivity and there were limitations on reducing the distance with Therefore, the proper shielding will be able to decrease radiation dose to the technologists.

A Study on the Character of Collar and Lapels According to Collar Laying Amount -Focused on Tailored Jacket- (칼라눕힘분에 따른 칼라 및 라펠의 특성 연구 -테일러드 칼라 재킷을 중심으로-)

  • Lee, So-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.421-430
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    • 2011
  • This study suggests the proper collar laying amount to be actively used in the clothing industry by identifying the characteristics of collar and other related components according to the collar laying amount. This study comparatively analyzed the characteristics of each collar laying amount (2cm, 2.5cm, 3cm, 3.5cm, 4cm, and 4.5cm) after making 6 tailored jackets. The results are as follows: 1. The best shape of collar and lapel appeared when the collar laying amount was 3cm and 3.5cm. 2. Depending on the collar laying amount, the shape of collar, roll line form of collar and lapel, collar width, collar stand, the position and width of roll line changed. As the collar laying amount increased, the length of collar edge became longer, and the collar stand decreased. In case the collar laying amount was small (2cm, 2.5cm), the width of collar and lapel became narrower. On the contrary, when it is large (4cm, 4.5cm), the width of collar and lapel became wider. 3. Collar laying amount as well as the length of the neck line of collar affected the shape of the collar roll line around the neck.

A Study on Minimum Speed of Vehicle in Collision between Pedestrian Head and Windshield (보행자의 두부(頭部)가 승용차의 전면유리에 닿는 최저속도에 관한 연구)

  • Shim, Jae-kwi;Lee, Sangsoo
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.54-61
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    • 2016
  • This paper try to identify the minimum speed of vehicles in collision between pedestrian head and windshield at vehicle-pedestrian accidents. The MADYMO program was used with NF Sonata vehicle and pedestrian in height of 160cm, 170cm, and 180cm. From the simulation results, it was found that the minimum speed of vehicle was different for each pedestrian height : 49km/h for 160cm, 41km/h for 170cm, and 29km/h for 180cm. The results could be used in speed estimating process when there is a collision trace between pedestrian head and windshield at vehicle- pedestrian accident investigation.