• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2005

This study was focused on adsorption, leaching, photolysis, and hydrolysis of the fungicide procymidone in soils. Adsorption type of procymidone on three different soil were well fitted to Linear and Freundlich isotherm. Distribution coefficients (Kd) were ranged from 2.75 to 12.18 and Freundlich isotherm Kf value $1.99{\sim}9.98$, 1/n value $0.74{\sim}0.89$. Desorption rates were $20.1{\sim}34.0%$ (Namgye), $26.3{\sim}44.6%$ (Jigog) and $31.6{\sim}50.9%$ (Baegsan series) and desorption hysteresis were $0.65{\sim}0.79,\;0.55{\sim}0.73\;and\;0.49{\sim}0.68$. Procymidone seemed to be stable to photolysis in acidic and neutral solutions but hydrolyzed rapidly in alkaline solution. Considering leaching properties procymidone mobility low in soils.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.366-372
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of educational evaluation with the application of flipped learning on undergraduate students' self-directed learning ability (cognitive domains, motive domains, conductive domains) and cognitive learning competency (knowledge and thought, creation, problem solving). An educational evaluation class, which applied flipped learning designed on the basis of pre-class, in-class, and post-class, was taught to 57 undergraduate students for twelve of the sixteen weeks of a semester. It was held each week on Thursdays for two (Ed- I don't understand 'for two'). The study results showed that, applying the flipped learning educational education class for undergraduate students improved self-directed learning ability (motivation domains, behavior domains) and cognitive learning competence (higher order thinking, metacognition, creativity tendency, problem-solving process). This study provides meaningful suggestions on exploring instructional design and effective teaching and learning methods applied to flipped learning.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.6 s.109
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• pp.767-774
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• 2006

In order to support overlay multicast with scalability and reliability, in this paper, we introduced a new multicast tree construction method and a regional multicast. The architecture we introduce efficiently transmits streaming data to the users from multicast source in an environment in which non-multicast network and multicast network. The new multicast tree construction method enables the connection with a remote relay which is an optimum condition in case there is no relay in subnet. Besides, by defining a new service type to traffic class of IPv6 header, a selective adoption or FEC and a distinctive transmission became possible. In order to verify the effect of the solution we suggested, we embodied an environment which is similar to the actual service environment by a simulator and tested it. The result of the test shows that the proposed method is more efficient than the traditional unicast approach method and the existing overlay multicast.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for p lanning oral health education in elementary schol. Methods conducted using a postal, self-administered questionnaire. A questionnaire containing 19 questions about oral health education which was provided by health teachers in elementary schol was used for data colle ction. Total response rate was 64.3% (119 out of 185). Results : Oral health education except one through textbooks was conduc of which taught oral health themselves. The contents of oral he alth education through special clas was mainly focusing on the tothbrushing method, dental caries, and the use of fluo ride. Acording to the grades clasified by the level of education, the order was the 3rd, 1st, and 2nd grade, which mea ns that the lower grades got more training than the h was acquired through the internet (72.2%), health-related organizations or academies (51.5%). Also, materi als for oral health education were obtained from health-related organizations or academies (67%), self-productio n (49.5%). According to the data during the past 5 years it was found that 13.4% health teachers had oral health-related that more traing neded to be conducted from 89.7% health tea chers. The most dificult problem in oral health education were insufficient time (56.7%). Conclusion : For effective oral health education, there needs a developmen t of targeted goal to achieve a systemic oral health education for each grades as wel as a ned for as health teachers to eficiently acquire knowledge and materials for oral health education, it is necessary to hold regular workshops for health teachers, and develop and distribute appro priate educational materials.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.56-61
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• 2011

A class-D audio amplifier is widely used in coil speaker. This paper presented the technique for applying a class-D audio amplifier to the ceramic flat speaker. This technique can be achieved by employing a matching transmitter in order to replace class-G amplifier that is drven by voltage level to class-D amplifier employing power driving method. Consequently, the presented technique can improve the efficiency by making the voltage driving level a litter larger. We evaluate the sound-level efficiency using the various mediums such as wood, plastic, and paper. From the simulation results, the proposed technique employing a class-D audio amplifier rather than a class-G one showed a 10% improvement. The proposed system can be applicable for the mobile appliances as an external slim speaker.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.383-388
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• 2006

SBR is one of the most general sewage/wastewater treatment processes and, particularly, has an advantage in high concentration wastewater treatment like sewage wastewater. A Kernel PCA based fault diagnosis system for biological reaction in full-scale wastewater treatment plant was proposed using only common bio-chemical sensors such as ORP(Oxidation-Reduction Potential) and DO(Dissolved Oxygen). During the SBR operation, the operation status could be divided into normal status and abnormal status such as controller malfunction, influent disturbance and instrumental trouble. For the classification and diagnosis of these statuses, a series of preprocessing, dimension reduction using PCA, LDA, K-PCA and feature reduction was performed. Also, the diagnosis result using differential data was superior to that of raw data, and the fusion data show better results than other data. Also, the results of combination of K-PCA and LDA were better than those of LDA or (PCA+LDA). Finally, the fault recognition rate in case of using only ORP or DO was around maximum 97.03% and the fusion method showed better result of maximum 98.02%.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2017

The objectives of this study were to classify the first permanent molars showing molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) on the basis of defect size and to assess differences in the prognoses of restorations performed with different materials. The first permanent molars with MIH and posteruptive breakdown were categorized into MIH class I, II, and III. After performing restorations, retreatment frequencies were examined according to the defect class and initial restorative material used. Sealants, composite resins, and stainless steel crowns showed the highest survival rates in cases of MIH class I, II, and III defects, respectively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2010

The enterprise system is becoming more complex and larger. With the changes of the times, the system is developing to object-oriented programming method(OOP). However, the same code inserts to the core class repetitiously in the OOP, that causes a decrease in productivity and a trouble of application of another requirement. To solve this weak point, we propose a weaving mechanism what applies to metadata and crosscutting concern. For a class optimization and an integration between different languages, we take the following way. This paper uses three ways, those are, metadata generation using reflection, transformation to Abstract Syntax Tree, and mapping through crosscutting information specified XML. Through the proposed theory, class optimization can be accomplished by solving a functional decentralization and a confusion of codes.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2009

This study presents a useful heuristic algorithm to classify vehicle classes using vehicle length information, which is extracted from inductive loop vehicle signatures. A high-speed scanning equipment was used to extract more detailed change of inductance magnitude for individual vehicles. Vehicle detection time and individual vehicle speeds were used to derive vehicle length information that is an input of the proposed algorithm. The spatial and temporal transferability tests were further conducted to evaluate algorithm. The spatial and temporal transferability tests were further conducted to evaluate algorithm performance more systematically. It is expected that the proposed method would be useful for obtaining vehicle classification information from wide-spread existing loop infrastructure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2001

배경: 대동맥판막협착증 환자는 판막질환으로 인한 만성적인 후부하의 증가에 대한 보상성 좌심실 심근비후가 일어나게 된다. 대동맥 판막 치환 후 좌심실 심근 비후의 감소가 이루어지는 것으로 알려져 있으나 21mm이하의 작은 인공판막으로 치환시 좌심실 심근 변화에 대해 논란이 있다. 대상 및 방법: 1994년 9월부터 1998년 7월까지 한림대학교 강동성심병원 흉부외과에서 대동맥판막협착증으로 진단받고 판막치환술을 시행한 20명을 대상으로 하였다. 환자는 남녀 각각 13명, 7명이며 평균나이 61$\pm$13.8세 체표면적은 평균 1.57$\pm$0.14m$m^2$이었다. 환자의 추적관찰은 수술 전, 수술 후 초기(평균 10.4일) 및 수술 후 만기(평균 29.9개월)에 심초음파로 시행하였다. 환자들은 사용된 판막에 따라 2개의 군(1군;21mm 이하, 2군;23mm이상)으로 나누었다. 결과: 모든 군에서 NYHA Functional class의 유의한 감소가 있었다. 좌심실 구추률은 수술 전후 1군은 유의한 차이가 없었으나 2군에서는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 그러나 수술 전 좌심실 구출률이 2군에서 1군에 비해 유의하게 감소되어 있었다(p=0.044). 좌심실근량지수는 1군은 수술후 초기에 유의한 감소가 없었으나 수술후 만기에는 유의한 감소를 보여주었다. 그러나 2군은 수술후 초기와 만기에 모두 유의한 감소를 보여주었다. 결론: 21 mm이하 군과 23 mm이상 군 모두 임상적 호전이 있었다. 그러나 19 mm판막군이 2례로 적어 19 mm 판막의 사용시 환자의 나이와 체표면적, 운동량을 고려하여 신중한 판막선택이 고려된다.