• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2001

A Chromium (VI)[Cr(VI)] reductase gene from heavy metal reducing bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa HP014 was used to transform tobacco plant cells. A chimeric construct containing the Cr(VI) reductase gene was transfered to tobacco leaf disks using an Agrobacteriun tumefaciens binary vector system. From the leaf disks, transformed plantlets were regenerated. Hybridization experiments demonstrated that the Cr(VI) reductase gene was inserted into and expressed in the regenerated plants. The Cr(VI) reduction activity showed that the transgenic plants may be a another possible tool to reduce the pollution of the toxic Cr(VI) in soil.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2004

A modified $\delta$-endotoxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. tenebrionis (B.t.t.), encoding a coleoptera-specific toxin, was utilized to transform citrus plants, Citrus reticulata Blanco 'Ponkan' mandarian. By co-culturing the nucelli with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the modified gene in the binary vector pBinAR-Btt, the chimeric toxin gene was transferred into citrus plants. The transgenic plants were selected on modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing kanamycin. Hybridization experiments demonstrated that the transgenic plants contained and expressed the toxin protein gene.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2001

Callus formation and plant regeneration from the seeds of zoysiagrass cv. Zenith was tested on MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D) and of several cytokinins. A concentration of 1mg/L 2,4-D on medium stimulated callus formation. In the presence of 5mg/L 2,4-D, addition of 1mg/L kinetin significantly enhanced callus formation and plant regeneration over 2,4-D alone. To transfer foreign DNA into turfgrass, parameters for the bombardment of embryogenic callus with the particle bombardment were partially optimized using transient expression assay of a $chimeric \beta$-glucuronidase(GUS) gene driven by the CaMV 35S promoter. GUS gene was strongly expressed at helium pressure 1,100 psi and 6~9cm target distance.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.391.2-391.2
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• 2004

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.340.2-340.2
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• 2005

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2004

The oocyte and its surrounding granulosa cells co-exist in a closed compartment called a follicle, although they receive many signals from other parts of the body. It is well established that the intercellular communications between the oocyte and granulosa cells are required for normal oocyte development and ovulation during folliculogenesis. Gap junctions are intercellular channels allowing the direct transmission of ions and small molecules between coupled cells. Several lines of studies have shown that multiple connexins (Cx, subunits of gap junction) are expressed in mammalian ovarian follicles. Among them, two major connexins Cx37 and Cx43 are expressed in different manner. While the gap junction channels formed by Cx37 are localized between the oocyte and encompassing granulosa cells, the intercellular channels by Cx43 are located between granulosa cells. In this review, I will summarize the general properties of gap junction channels and discuss their possible formation (or compatibility) of intercellular channels formed by the oocyte and granulosa cells.

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.512-520
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• 2020

T-cell-based cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cells, have significant anti-tumor effects against certain types of cancer, providing a new paradigm for cancer treatment. However, the activity of tumor infiltrating T-cells (TILs) can be effectively neutralized in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of most solid tumors, rich in various immunosuppressive factors and cells. Therefore, to improve the clinical outcomes of established T-cell-based immunotherapy, adjuvants that can comprehensively relieve multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms of TME are needed. In this regard, recent studies have revealed that metformin has several beneficial effects on anti-tumor immunity. In this mini-review, we understand the immunosuppressive properties of TME and how metformin comprehensively enhances anti-tumor immunity. Finally, we will discuss this old friend's potential as an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2012

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract and characterized by relapsing and remitting episodes, with progression over time to complications of stricture, fistulas, or abscesses. The etiology is unknown, although the common opinion is that the disease arises from a disordered immune response to the gut contents in genetically predisposed individuals. Infliximab is a mouse-human chimeric antibody against tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$, and has proven to be effective in active Crohn's disease for both induction and maintenance therapy. Despite the growing experience with infliximab in Crohn's disease, optimal treatment strategies still need to be determined. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the use of infliximab in Crohn's disease and to discuss the yet-unsolved issues.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2012

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases is not very well understood; it is currently thought to be caused by the interaction between genetic factors, environmental factors, intestinal microbes, and immune factors. Biological agents such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) are widely being used as therapeutic agents. Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody against tumor necrosis factor, has been demonstrated to have an effect in the induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease in children. The effects of biological agents, typified by anti-TNFs, in inflammatory bowel disease in children; the recent concern on the administration of biological agents in combination with immunomodulators; and 'Top-down' therapy are some of the topics covered in this review.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.801-806
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• 2008

A classical technique to study somitic cell fate is to employ the cross-transplantation of quail somites into a chick host. The densely stained nucleoli of the quail cells makes it possible to assess the fate of the donor quail cells in the chick host. Classical somite transplantation techniques have been hampered by the necessity of a small opening in the chick eggshell, difficulty in hatching the offspring and interspecies post-hatch graft rejection. With the advent of transgenic chicken technology, it is now possible to use embryos from transgenic chickens expressing reporter genes in somite cross-transplantation techniques to remove any possibility of interspecies graft rejection. This report describes using a surrogate eggshell system in conjunction with transgenic chick:chick somitic cell cross-transplantation to generate viable chimeric embryos and offspring. Greater than 40% of manipulated embryos survive past 10 days of incubation, and ~80% of embryos successfully cultured past 10 days of incubation hatched to produce viable offspring.