• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.180-183
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• 2013

근래의 프로세서는 하나의 다이 위에 여러 개의 코어를 배치한 멀티코어 형태를 띠고 있다. 최근에는 프로세서의 에너지 소비량을 줄이기 위해 비대칭 멀티코어를 활용하여 동일한 성능을 유지하며 소비전력을 낮추는 방법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 비대칭 멀티코어의 장점을 최대한 활용하기 위해서는 대칭형 멀티코어와는 달리 실행해야 할 프로세스와 상이한 코어간의 작동 특성을 고려해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 전력 소비 효율 향상을 위해 프로세스 스케줄링 알고리즘에 하이브리드 인공지능 기술인 Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)를 적용하여 각 프로세스에 적합한 코어를 찾아 할당하는 방법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안하는 프로세스 스케줄러는 리눅스의 CFS 대비 평균 35.4% 낮은 Energy Delay Product (EDP)를 보였으며 이를 통해 하이브리드 인공지능을 적용한 프로세스 스케줄링 알고리즘의 유효성을 입증하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2023

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi (a traditional Korean dish typically made of fermented cabbage) can provide various health benefits, including anti-obesity, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial effects. In this study, we examined the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0125 cultured in de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) medium containing vegetable waste. Live bacterial cells were eliminated via supernatant filtration or heat treatment. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) obtained from culture broth containing kimchi cabbage waste (KCW), cabbage waste (CW), or onion waste (OW) showed significantly higher antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens (Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus) and foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium), with inhibition zones ranging between 4.4 and 8.5 mm, compared to that in conventional MRS medium (4.0-7.3 mm). In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, both supernatant and heat-inactivated Lb. plantarum WiKim0125 from culture media containing KCW and CW suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines (72.8% and 49.6%, respectively) and nitric oxide (62.2% and 66.7%, respectively) without affecting cell viability. These results indicate that vegetable waste can potentially increase the antimicrobial and immunoregulatory potency of LAB while presenting a molecular basis for applying postbiotics to health products.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.90 no.2
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• pp.143-157
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• 2024

Cold-formed steel (CFS) I sections are increasingly being used as load-bearing components in building constructions, and such I sections frequently incorporate web holes to facilitate service installation. The economical and structural advantages of these elements have prompted many researchers to investigate the behavior of such structures. Despite numerous studies on the buckling stability of castellated beams, there is a notable absence of experimental investigation into oval castellated beams with stiffeners. This study examines the local buckling of cold-formed steel castellated I-beams stiffened with oval constellations through experimental and numerical analysis. Four specimens are fabricated with and without stiffeners, including parallel, perpendicular, and intersecting types attached to the web portion of the beam, along with cross stiffeners for the oval-shaped openings at the beam ends. Additionally, a numerical model is developed to predict the behavior of castellated beams with oval openings up to failure, considering both material and geometric nonlinearities. Codal analysis is performed using the North American specification for cold-formed steel AISI S-100 and the Australian/New Zealand design code AS/NZS 4600. The anticipated outcomes from numerical analysis, experimental research, and codal analysis are compared and presented. It will be more helpful to the preliminary designers.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2008

In order to test the adhesive capacity of carbon fiber sheet, a static loading method for bending-behavior-type beam specimens, cut in half was developed and test was conducted with compressive strength of concrete set as the test parameter. The tests were performed to prescribe adhesive shear strength based upon the result of shear failure as well as verification of testing method. First of all, the test method proved to be reliable in determining the adhesive shear strength. The test result also exhibited two types of variations in adhesive shear strength. Among two types of variations, average and minimum values for adhesive shear strength, relatively stable results, 3.41MPa and 2.11MPa, respectively. Particularity in the adhesive shear strength with respect to compressive shear strength was not found.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.118-131
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• 2006

1. Objective Pulse diagnosis is generally applied to Traditional Oriental Medicine but not to Sasang Constitution diagnosis. Recently new pulse analyzer using array piezoresistive sensor and multi-channel robot arm developed. It reflects Oriental Medical Doctors' diagnostic processes, and its reproducibility test was done at Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine. We performed this study to set parameters diagnosing Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods One hundred thirty three subjects participated in this study. They are healty and approved this study. Before being tested with pulse analyzer, they had interview with Sasang Constitution Specialist to diagnose their Sasang Constitution. We established some useful parameters from parameters of pulse analyzer according to the Original Texts of Oriental Medicine and clinical experiences to analyze with clinical data of this study. 3. Results (I) There is a significant difference in pre-dicrotic notch time among all parameters of pulse analyzer in Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.047). (2) There is a significant difference in maximum pulse pressure in 33 to 48 year Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.010). (3) There is a significant difference in frequency width in 17 to 32 year Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.002). (4) There is a significant difference in CFS value in groups which OMD diagnoses; Floating & Sinking pulse(P=0.020). (5) There is a significant difference in pulse rate in groups which OMD diagnoses; Rapid & Slow pulse(P=0.000). (6) There is a significant difference in maximum pulse pressure in groups which OMD diagnoses; Deficient & Solid pulse(P=0.000). 4. Conclusions Analyzing parameters in each Sasang Constitution group, we found it shows significant difference in maximum pulse pressure and corresponding tendency in coefficient of floating & sinking pulse with theories of Sasang Consti-tutional Medicine. As we accumulate more clinical data, we will establish algorithm to diagnose Sasang Constitution using a pulse analyzer.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.5168-5181
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• 2017

The popularity of augmented reality (AR) applications and games are in high demand. Currently, the best common platform to implement AR services is on a smartphone, as online games, navigators, personal assistants, travel guides are among the most popular applications of smartphones. However, the power consumption of an AR application is extremely high, and therefore, highly adaptable and dynamic low power control schemes must be used. Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) schemes are widely used in smartphones to minimize the energy consumption by controlling the device's operational frequency and voltage. DVFS schemes can sometimes lead to longer response times, which can result in a significant problem for AR applications. In this paper, an AR response time monitor is used to observe the time interval between the AR image input and device's reaction time, in order to enable improved operational frequency and AR application process priority control. Based on the proposed response time monitor and the characteristics of the Linux kernel's completely fair scheduler (CFS) (which is the default scheduler of Android based smartphones), a response time step control (RSC) scheme is proposed which adaptively adjusts the CPU frequency and interactive application's priority. The experimental results show that RSC can reduce the energy consumption up to 10.41% compared to the ondemand governor while reliably satisfying the response time performance limit of interactive applications on a smartphone.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.789-795
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• 1999

In this study, carbon fiber reinforced cement composites(CFRCs) reinforced with short noncircular type carbon fibers were fabricated and properties(drying shrinkage, resistance to freezing and thawing, and fracture toughness) were compared with those of the CFRCs reinforced with circular type carbon fibers. It was found that these properties greatly depended on the shape and length of carbon fibers. The drying shrinkage of CFRCs reinforced with C-type carbon fiber was superior to other CFRCs. This effect was increased with a high aspect ratio of fiber. The resistance to freezing and thawing was increased with the fiber length and fiber volume percent, but there was on remarkable effect to fiber shape. Fracture toughness and resistance to crack propagation of CFRCs reinforced with C-CFs were improved compared with other CFRCs. It was believed that the more absorption of fracture energy into the larger interface caused an increase in fracture toughness and resistance to crack propagation.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.350-361
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• 2018

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the primary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The use of lactobacilli probiotics to reduce blood cholesterol levels have been extensively reported. However, more information is needed to evaluate the possible mechanisms involved and to identify possible targets for further therapeutic development. In this study, strains of lactobacilli were screened based on the ability to assimilate cholesterol, and prevention of cholesterol accumulation in hepatic (HepG2) and intestinal (HT-29) cells. Cell free supernatant (CFS) from Lactobacillus plantarum DR7 showed a higher ability to assimilate cholesterol, reduction in cholesterol accumulation in both HepG2 and HT-29 cells, accompanied by reduced mRNA expression of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) in HepG2 (p<0.05), compared to other lactobacilli. The reduction of HMGCR expression was also diminished in the presence of an AMPK inhibitor (Compound C), suggesting that L. plantarum DR7 exerted its effect via the AMPK pathway, typically via the phosphorylation of AMPK instead of the AMPK mRNA expression in HepG2 (p<0.05). Altogether, our present study illustrated that lactobacilli could exert cholesterol lowering properties along the AMPK pathway, specifically via phosphorylation of AMPK that led to reduced expression of HMGCR.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.13A no.1 s.98
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• pp.11-18
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• 2006

In the Internet of various networks, it is difficult to reduce real routing time by just minimizing their hop count. We propose an adaptive proximity route selection method in DHT-based peer-to-peer systems, in which nodes select the nぉe with smallest lookup latency among their routing table entries as a next routing node. Using Q-Routing algorithm and exponential recency-weighted average, each node estimates the total latency and establishes a lookup table. Moreover, without additional overhead, nodes exchange their lookup tables to update their routing tables. Several simulations measuring the lookup latencies and hop-to-hop latency show that our method outperforms the original Chord method as well as CFS' server selection method.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2011

We examined the effects of 17${\alpha}$-methyltestosterone (MT) on growth and induced sex change in the longtooth grouper Epinephelus bruneus. The growth rate for body weight (GRW) and specific growth rate (SGR) of the group injected with MT over 8 weeks were significantly higher than those of the sham-injected control group, the group injected over 4 weeks, and the control group. Of the orally administrated groups, the GRWs of the control group and the group given 1 kg of feed with 2.0 mg of MT were highest and did not significantly differ from one another. For SGR, the treatment groups differed significantly, and the SGR of the control group was higher than those of the other groups (P<0.05). The condition factor (CF) of the group injected over 4 weeks was higher than those injected over 8 weeks, the sham-injected control group over 8 weeks, and the control group. The CF did not significantly differ between the sham-injected control group over 8 weeks and the injected group over 8 weeks, but these two groups differed from the control group (P<0.05). The CFs of the groups given 1 kg of feed with 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg of MT were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The feed efficiency ratio was not significantly affected by MT administration. Most of the experimental groups receiving MT developed many unidentified germ cell cysts and perinucleolus oocytes, although neither spermazoa cells nor sex-changed males were observed in any of the treatments.