• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.361-382
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• 2011

This paper presents the results of an investigation on shear strengthening of RC beams externally reinforced with CFRP composite. A total of six full-scale beams of four CFRP strengthened and two unstrengthened were tested in the absence of internal stirrups in the shear span. The strengthening configurations contained two styles: discrete uniformly spaced strips and customized wide strips over B-regions. The composite systems provided an increase in ultimate strength as compared to the unstrengthened beams. Among the three layouts that had the same area of CFRP, the highest contribution was provided by the customized layout that targeted the B-regions. A comparative study of the experimental results with published empirical equations was conducted in order to evaluate the assumed effective strains. The empirical equations were found to be unconservative. Nonlinear finite element (NLFE) models were developed for the beams. The models agreed with test results that targeting the B-region was more effective than distributing the same CFRP area in a discrete strip style over shear spans. Moreover, the numerical models predicted the contribution of different configurations better than the empirical equations.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2018

기존 콘크리트 구조물의 노후화 또는 지진과 같은 외부 하중에 의하여 구조물의 구조 성능이 저하되기 때문에, 기존 건물의 보수 및 보강 연구는 중요하다. 외부부착 탄소섬유 보강 공법과 같은 효율적인 보수 공법을 사용하면 경제적으로 콘크리트 구조물의 구조 성능을 높일 수 있다. 따라서 외부부착 탄소섬유를 사용한 콘크리트 부재의 실험 연구는 많이 진행되었다. 특히, 콘크리트 보를 사용한 전단 보강에 관한 연구는 탄소섬유의 양, 부착 각도, 스트립의 폭, 그리고 재료간의 상호작용에 관한 것이었다. 하지만 선행된 연구에 비하여 탄소섬유의 이 방향 레이아웃에 관한 다양한 변수 연구는 부족한 상황이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 이 방향 레이아웃 외부부착 탄소섬유 공법을 사용하여 콘크리트 보의 전단보강 효과를 검증하였다. 이 방향 레이아웃의 보강 효과는 스터럽과의 전단 기여도, 실험체의 전단 거동과 보강 시점에 따른 최대 내력의 비교를 통하여 이루어졌다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1077-1094
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• 2015

This paper presents an experimental study on the effectiveness of simultaneous application of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and steel jacket in strengthening slender reinforced concrete (RC) column. The columns were 200 mm square cross section with lengths ranging from 1600 to 3000 mm. Ten columns were tested under axial load. The effects of the strengthening technique, slenderness ratio, cross-section area of steel angle and CFRP layer number were examined in terms of axial load-axial strain curve, CFRP strain, steel strip strain and steel angle strain. The experiments indicate that strengthening RC columns with combined CFRP and steel jacket is effective in enhancing the load capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of RC column. Based on the existing models for RC columns strengthened with CFRP and with steel jacket, a design formula considering a slenderness reduction factor is proposed to predict the load capacity of the RC columns strengthened with combined CFRP and steel jacket. The predictions agree well with the experimental results.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.601-609
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 탄소섬유판 표면 매입 공법 및 외부 부착공법의 장점을 활용하기 위하여, 새로운 형상의 탄소섬유판을 제작하여 실험을 수행하였으며, 탄소섬유판 표면 매입 및 외부 부착이 혼합된 보강 방식의 휨 거동 효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과, 표면매입 (NSM) 및 표면부착 (EBR) 탄소섬유판이 결합한 T형 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 부재의 휨 강성 및 극한강도는 섬유판으로 보강되지 않은 보에 비하여 크게 증진되며, 그 최대 증가율은 보강되지 않은 부재의 경우보다 약 347%로 나타났다. 이는 매입 (NSM) 및 부착 (EBR) 탄소섬유판의 상호 구속 효과가 매우 뛰어나 하중을 분배하여 따라서 저항 능력이 크게 개선되는 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 T형 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 부재의 파괴는 표면부착 탄소섬유판의 부착 탈락으로 시작되며, 단계적으로 매입 섬유판의 파괴되면서 전단부 콘크리트 피복이 탈락하는 파괴양상으로 나타났다. 매입 탄소섬유판 (NSM CFRP strip) 및 표면부착 (EBR) 탄소판의 극한변형률은 각각 $8,600{\mu}{\varepsilon}{\sim}22,000{\mu}{\varepsilon}$ 및 $7,000{\sim}9,000{\mu}{\varepsilon}$의 범주로 나타나 하중 분배 능력이 우수하며, 따라서 노후 구조물 보강방식으로 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2012

The main objectives of this research were to experimentally evaluate the impact of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) amount and strip spacing on the shear behavior of prestressed concrete (PC) beams and to evaluate the applicability of existing analytical models of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) shear capacity to PC beams shear-strengthened with CFRP. The Ushaped CFRP strips with different spacing were applied externally to the test specimens in order to observe the overall behavior of the prestressed concrete I-beams and the mode of failure of the applied CFRP strips. Results obtained from the experimental program showed that the application of CFRP strips to prestressed concrete I-beams did in fact enhance the overall behavior of the specimens. The strengthened specimens responded with an increase in ductility and in shear capacity. However, it should be noted that the CFRP strips were not effective at all at spacing greater than half the effective depth of the specimen and that fracture of the strips was the dominant failure mechanism of CFRP. Further research is needed to confirm the conclusion derived from the experimental program.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2011

This paper presents the performance of anchor systems for reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. Nine simply-supported beams are tested with various anchor systems such as steel hooks, steel plates with anchor bolts, CFRP anchor plates, and near-surface mounted (NSM) CFRP strip. The effects of these anchors on the behavior of the retrofitted beams are discussed, including load-carrying capacity, failure modes, and ductility characteristics. Test results indicate that end-anchorage is an important parameter when a CFRP-retrofit design is conducted. Mechanical bolts and NSM CRFP anchors are recommended.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2022

The axial compression behavior of nine self-compacting concrete columns confined with CFRP-PVC spirals was studied. Three parameters of spiral reinforcement spacing, spiral reinforcement diameter and height diameter ratio were studied. The test results show that the CFRP strip and PVC tube are destroyed first, and the spiral reinforcement and longitudinal reinforcement yield. The results show that with the increase of spiral reinforcement spacing, the peak bearing capacity decreases, but the ductility increases; with the increase of spiral reinforcement diameter, the peak bearing capacity increases, but has little effect on ductility, and the specimen with the ratio of height to diameter of 7.5 has the best mechanical properties. According to the reasonable constitutive relation of material, the finite element model of axial compression is established. Based on the verified finite element model, the stress mechanism is revealed. Finally, the composite constraint model and bearing capacity calculation method are proposed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.659-677
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• 2013

This paper introduces new specimens of Steel-Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer composite developed in accordance with standard test method and definition for mechanical testing of steel (ASTM-A370). The main purpose of this research is to study the behaviour of steel-CFRP composite specimen under uniaxial tension to use it in beams in lieu of traditional steel bar reinforcement. Eighteen specimens were prepared and divided into six groups, depending upon the number of the layers of CFRP. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted to determine yield strength and ultimate strength of specimens. Test results showed that the stress-strain curve of the composite specimen was bilinear prior to the fracture of CFRP laminate. The tested composite specimens displayed a large difference in strength with remarkable ductility. The ultimate load for Steel-Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer composite specimens was found using the model proposed by Wu et al. (2010) and nonlinear FE analysis. The ultimate loads obtained from FE analysis are found to be in good agreement with experimental ones. However, ultimate loads obtained applying Wu model are significantly different from experimental/FE ones. This suggested modification of Wu model. Modified Wu's model which gives a better estimate for the ultimate load of Steel-Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (SCFRP) composite specimen is presented in this paper.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.207-230
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• 2012

Nowadays CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) became widely used materials for the strengthening and retrofitting of structures. Many experimental and analytical studies are encountered at literature about strengthening beams by using this kind of materials against static loads and cyclic loads such as earthquake or wind loading for investigating their behavior. But authors did not found any study about strengthening of RC beams by using CFRP against low velocity impact and investigating their behavior. For these reasons an experimental study is conducted on totally ten strengthened RC beams. Impact loading is applied on to specimens by using an impact loading system that is designed by authors. Investigated parameters were concrete compression strength and drop height. Two different sets of specimens with different concrete compression strength tested under the impact loading that are applied by dropping constant weight hammer from five different heights. The acceleration arises from the impact loading is measured against time. The change of velocity, displacement and energy are calculated for all specimens. The failure modes of the specimens with normal and high concrete compression strength are observed under the loading of constant weight impact hammer that are dropped from different heights. Impact behaviors of beams are positively affected from the strengthening with CFRP. Measured accelerations, the number of drops up to failure and dissipated energy are increased. Finite element analysis that are made by using ABAQUS software is used for the simulation of experiments, and model gave compatible results with experiments.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.99-102
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• 2005

This paper presents test results on strengthening details of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with near-surface mounted(NSM) CFRP rod and strip. A total of 8 specimens have been tested. The specimens can be classified into the same strengthening area group and the different spacing group. For the same strengthening area group, experimental results revealed that specimens strengthened with NSM CFRP strips improved the flexural capacity of RC beams. For the different spacing group, the flexural capacity of RC beams was almost the same, but it was different in case of NSM CFRP rods.