• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2017

Purpose: This study identified the prevalence of depressive symptoms and explored correlates of depressive symptoms among Korean women care-workers caring older adults living in community. Methods: A total of 465 participants were recruited for the study. Depressive symptoms was measured by the CES-D10 and distress was assessed using a single question given 5 Likert scale. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms and distress among care-workers were 32.5% and 32.0% respectively. Work environment safety, violence exposure experience, work-family conflict, weekly care work time, and poor health status were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Only violence exposure experience and poor health status were associated with distress. Conclusion: Our findings suggest more attention on mental health of care-workers and their risky work condition such as violence.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 1999

The purpose of this study were to investigate the effect of Family System Functioning, Parent & Child Factor and Parent-child Relation on Adolescent's Psychological Well-being (Family Life Satisfaction, Self-Esteem and Depression), and the causal relations of Adolescedent's Depression and Related Variables. The subjects were 532 triads of adolescents and their parents living in Seoul area, Korea. The survey methods were questionaires included FACES n, PAC Inventory, family life satisfactin scale, KMSS, Self-Esteem Inventory and CES-D, etc. Data were analyzed by frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, paired t - test, Pearson's correlation , multiple regression, and path analysis The major findings were as follows: Family system functionings had a indirect effect through adolescents'family life satisfaction, self-esteem on adolescents'depression. The degree of openness of parent-adolescent communication and father's marital satisfaction had a indirect effect through adolescents'family life satisfaction on adolescents'depression. Adolescents'satisfaction with physical self, peer-relations and school life had a indirect effect through adolescents'self-esteem on their depression. Also adolescents'satisfaction with peer-relations and their fathers'depression had a direct effect on their depression.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.239-247
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship among body image, depression and sexual function in Korean postmenopausal women. Methods: Subjects were 96 postmenopausal women who have lived in Korea. Data was collected using Semantic Differential scale, CES-D, and FSFI. Results: The level of body image was positive, depression was mild, and sexual function was moderate. There were no significant correlation between depression and sexual function. The subjects who had more positive body image experienced higher sexual function and less depressed mood. Conclusion: These findings showed the need for a knowledge development program for nurses regarding women's sexual function. Also, nurses must do counseling with sexual partner's and consider patients' body image when counseling those who complain of sexual dysfunction.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.438-447
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• 2010

Purpose: The study examined factors related to the meaning in life in elderly in one city. Methods: The sample consisted of 217 subjects all of which were over 60 years of age and were recruited from two community senior centers from December 2008 to February 2009. Data collection instruments were the Meaning in Life Scale, Social Support Index, CES-D, and RULS questionnaire. SPSS/WIN 17.0 was used for descriptive analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation coefficient. Results: The mean of the score from the Meaning in Life was 50.04 (range 10~70). There were significant differences in subjects' perception of meaning in life according to age, level of education, religion, having a spouse, satisfaction with relationship with children, and frequency of visits to a community senior center. Meaning in life was significantly correlated with family support, depression, and loneliness, which were significant predictors (21.5%) of meaning in life. Conclusion: To improve meaning in life of the elderly who visited a community senior center, nurses may pay attention to depression, loneliness, and family support.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.181-190
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to identify the impact of spiritual wellbeing and social support on the depression among middle-aged women. Descriptive study design was used. Methods: The subjects completed the structured questionnaires: the 'Spiritual Well-being Scale', developed by Paloutzian & Ellison, 'the Social Support Scale' developed by Park, and 'the CES-D Scale' developed by Radloff. Data were collected from 216 middle aged women in B metropolitan city and J city. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regressions. Results: Participants with higher depression had lower scores for spiritual wellbeing (r=-.57, p<.001) and lower scores for social support (r=-.49, p=.011). The influencing factors on depression were spiritual wellbeing, social support, and utilization of spare time. These variables were explained 46% of the variance in depression. Conclusion: The depression of the middle-aged women can be reduced when spiritual wellbeing and social support are improved. Therefore, we suggested to develop nursing intervention programs in order to improve spiritual wellbeing and social support of middle-aged women for reducing their depressions.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to compare social support and depression by gender, to investigate related factors, and to inquire effect of social support on depression by gender. Methods: This study analyzed raw data from a project funded by Jeju Province. The data were collected through home visit interview from 750 households which were selected by using randomized cluster sampling method. CES-D and MOS SSS were used for measuring depression and social support. Data obtained from 896 adults were analyzed using t-test, $x^2$ test and hierarchical regression. Results: There was no significant difference of depression prevalence, presenting 15.2% for men and 14.5% for women. The related factors were marital status, educational level, and socioeconomic status for men and only socioeconomic status for women. The result of hierarchical regression presented that social support was significant on depression, showing increase of $R^2$ from .151 to .328 when adding social support to other variables for men, increase of $R^2$ from .058 to .192 for women. Conclusion: The social support was an influential factor on depression both men and women, the development of strategies considering risk population by gender for enhancing social support to prevent and to manage depression was suggested.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence health-related quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods: The subjects were 150 outpatients with atrial fibrillation who visited the cardiology clinic of a university hospital in U city. The instruments used for this study were Mhel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Short-Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) Korean version II. The date were analyzed by ANOVA, Pearson-correlation coefficient, and hierachial multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: The mean score of physical health-related quality of life (PCS) was $38.92{\pm}6.22$ and mental health-related quality of life (MCS) was $41.49{\pm}5.71$. Physical and Mental health-related quality of life had the significant correlations with uncertainty, anxiety and depression. In multiple regression analysis, physical health-related quality of life was significantly influenced by duration of disease, NYHA class, uncertainty. Mental health-related quality of life was significantly influenced by family income, NYHA class, anxiety and depression. Conclusion: These results suggest that these influencing factors should be consider in developing the nursing interventions to improve the healthrelated quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sexual health program for men with rectal cancer resection based on sexual function, self-esteem, depression, and marital intimacy. Methods: Using a quasi-experiment design, the intervention group (n=32) participated in the sexual health program based on PLISSIT (Permission, Limited Information, Specific Suggestions, Intensive Therapy) model. They received the program three times between August 2014 and March 2015. The comparison group (n=30) received a general educational program for rectal cancer. Four survey questionnaires such as International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), Self-Esteem Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depressing Scale (CES-D), Marital Intimacy were used to measure the four key variables. Results: After the sexual health program, the intervention group showed statistically positive effect for the sexual function (F=4.14, p=.046), self-esteem (F=16.71, p<.001), depression (F=12.56, p=.001), and marital intimacy (F=12.45, p=.001) than the comparison group. Conclusion: Sexual health program should be consistently provided for men with rectal cancer resection since the intervention group reported better self-esteem, less depression, more intimacy and better sexual functioning.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.829-840
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• 1999

This study was conducted to construct a hypothetical model of depression in Korean adolescent women and validate the fit of the model to the empirical data. The data were collected from 345 high school girls in Seoul, from May 1 to June 30, 1998. The instruments were the Body Mass Index, Physical Satisfaction Scale, Family Adaptatibility and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III, Family Satisfaction Scale, CES-D and School Adptation Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the pc -SAS program. The Linear Structural Relationship(LISREL) modeling process was used to find the best fit model which would predict the causal relationships among the variables. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate ［X$^2$＝69.6(df＝17, p＝.000), GFI ＝0.95, AGFI＝0.90, RMR＝0.087, NNFI＝0.86, NFI＝0.90］. The predictable variables, especially menstrual symptoms, physical symptoms and family function, had a significant direct effect on depression. but school life adaptation did not have a significant direct effect. These variables explained 18.1% of the total variance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.20
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• pp.17-31
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to inquire into the influence of appearance cues on the intellectual impression formations, whether there are differen-ces in the impression formation between the case which the appearance is partially percepted and the case wholely percepted. The study consists of the experiment of the factorial design with 5 independent variables of Face (intellectual and social), Hair Style (intellec-tual and social), Clothing Style (intellectual and social), Textile Pattern(single, color, dot, and stri-pe), and Presentation Level of stimuli (upper-half and full-length). The outcomes of study are as follows : 1) The intellectual impression formation was influenced by face, clothing style, and textile pat-tern, but clothing style and textile pattern were more influential than face. When the models with intellectual face wore in intellectual clothing style, they gave more additional intellectual impression. And when intellectual clothing was in single color, it conveyed more intellectual impression. Hair style had no main effect but it influenced on the impression formation through interaction with other variables. 2) There were differences in the formation of the intellectual impressions between the case the appearance was partially percepted and the case wholely percepted. The case of full-lenth pressen-tation was more influential than that of upper-half presentation.