• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.273-284
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• 2022

PURPOSE. Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) of implant abutments has been shown to result in surface contamination from site-specific milling and fabrication processes. If not removed, these contaminants can have a potentially adverse effect and may trigger inflammatory responses of the peri-implant tissues. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bacterial disinfection and cleaning efficacy of ultrasonic reprocessing in approved disinfectants to reduce the microbial load of CAD-CAM abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Four different types of custom implant abutments (total N = 32) with eight specimens in each test group (type I to IV) were CAD-CAM manufactured. In two separate contamination experiments, specimens were contaminated with heparinized sheep blood alone and with heparinized sheep blood and the test bacterium Enterococcus faecium. Abutments in the test group were processed according to a three-stage ultrasonic protocol and assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by determination of residual protein. Ultrasonicated specimens contaminated with sheep blood and E. faecium were additionally eluted and the dilutions were incubated on agar plates for seven days. The determined bacterial counts were expressed as colony-forming units (CFU). RESULTS. Ultrasonic reprocessing resulted in a substantial decrease in residual bacterial protein to less than 80 ㎍ and a reduction in microbiota of more than 7 log levels of CFU for all abutment types, exceeding the effect required for disinfection. CONCLUSION. A three-stage ultrasonic cleaning and disinfection protocol results in effective bacterial decontamination. The procedure is reproducible and complies with the standardized reprocessing and disinfection specifications for one- or two-piece CAD-CAM implant abutments.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.115-126
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• 2023

Due to the fluctuating random and periodical nature of renewable energy generation power quality disturbances occurred more frequently in power generation transformation transmission and distribution. Various power quality disturbances may lead to equipment damage or even power outages. Therefore it is essential to detect and classify different power quality disturbances in real time automatically. The traditional PQD identification method consists of three steps: feature extraction feature selection and classification. However, the handcrafted features are imprecise in the feature selection stage, resulting in low classification accuracy. This paper proposes a deep neural architecture based on Convolution Neural Network and Long Short Term Memory combining the time and frequency domain features to recognize 16 types of Power Quality signals. The frequency-domain data were obtained from the Fast Fourier Transform which could efficiently extract the frequency-domain features. The performance in synthetic data and real 6kV power system data indicate that our proposed method generalizes well compared with other deep learning methods.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.231-240
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• 2023

It remains a challenge for robots to learn avoiding obstacles automatically in path planning using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). More and more researchers use DRL to train a robot in a simulated environment and verify the possibility of DRL to achieve automatic obstacle avoidance. Due to the influence factors of different environments robots and sensors, it is rare to realize automatic obstacle avoidance of robots in real scenarios. In order to learn automatic path planning by avoiding obstacles in the actual scene we designed a simple Testbed with the wall and the obstacle and had a camera on the robot. The robot's goal is to get from the start point to the end point without hitting the wall as soon as possible. For the robot to learn to avoid the wall and obstacle we propose to use the double deep Q networks (DDQN) to verify the possibility of DRL in automatic obstacle avoidance. In the experiment the robot used is Jetbot, and it can be applied to some robot task scenarios that require obstacle avoidance in automated path planning.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.402-410
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• 2023

Long-term administration of levodopa (L-DOPA) to patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly results in involuntary dyskinetic movements, as is known for L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) has recently been shown to alleviate LID; however, no biochemical alterations to aberrant excitatory conditions have been revealed yet. In the present study, we aimed to confirm its anti-dyskinetic effect and to discover the unknown molecular mechanisms of action of 5-HTP in LID. We made an LID-induced mouse model through chronic L-DOPA treatment to 6-hydroxydopamine-induced hemi-parkinsonian mice and then administered 5-HTP 60 mg/kg for 15 days orally to LID-induced mice. In addition, we performed behavioral tests and analyzed the histological alterations in the lesioned part of the striatum (ST). Our results showed that 5-HTP significantly suppressed all types of dyskinetic movements (axial, limb, orolingual and locomotive) and its effects were similar to those of amantadine, the only approved drug by Food and Drug Administration. Moreover, 5-HTP did not affect the efficacy of L-DOPA on PD motor manifestations. From a molecular perspective, 5-HTP treatment significantly decreased phosphorylated CREB and ΔFosB expression, commonly known as downstream factors, increased in LID conditions. Furthermore, we found that the effects of 5-HTP were not mediated by dopamine1 receptor (D1)/DARPP32/ERK signaling, but regulated by AKT/mTOR/S6K signaling, which showed different mechanisms with amantadine in the denervated ST. Taken together, 5-HTP alleviates LID by regulating the hyperactivated striatal AKT/mTOR/S6K and CREB/ΔFosB signaling.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.46-49
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• 1998

Being latecomers to the industrialization, Pacific rim countries except the U.S.A. are doing very little in developing the universal certification system. One should note that Asian Pacific region enjoys the highest economic growth rate, and there is a good possibility that it will be the center of economic activities of the world in the next century. It appears that ISO and CEN share similar specifications in numerous areas. ASNT is being changed to cope with the trend with the introduction of ACCP. Although we may have to adopt the new system someday, we should pay attention and make concerted effort to include our own practice in the global standards. We are the countries in the Far East Region with similar culture and tradition, which are quite different from those of western countries. We hope that Japan should play an important role in this matter, who has been chaired the ISO TC135 since 1993. In the beginning of this decade, there has been a trivial but troublesome matter that who is representing the NDT Society or member countries in Asia-Pacific Conference on NDT. The problem appears to be solved since the establishment of FENDT For the next decade, actually next centry, FENDT will have to accomplish another important role for countries in the Far East Region to form a strong coalition for its survival in the western dominant world. Immediate issue is to establish Far East Working Group for Harmonization and Mutual Recognition of Qualification and Certification of NDT Personnel. To realize this Japan must play a leading role with the cooperation of expanded FENDT member countries including China and Russia. As the continued prosperity expected in this region, FENDT should continue its role for the next centry. We, the FENDT countries, must move forward for internationalization(國際化). However' we must realize that it all start from SELF IDENTI-FICATION. We can identify ourselves by actively participating in FENDT. I would like remind you the concluding remark that I have made in the congratulatory speech at JSNDI 40th Anniversary Conference and FENDT'92. JSNDI is too precious to be Japan's sole possession Staling from the Far East, JSNDI shall become one of the loaders of the world. I sincerely hope that JSNDI take initiatives and leaderships in the future activities. of FENDT countries. I would like to close my talk with "We must hang together, or We shall be hang seperately." Garn Sa Ham Ni Da.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.698-707
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• 2002

A review is presented of experimental studies on the strength performance of concrete exposed at short-term and rapid heating as in a fire and after cooling. Emphasis is placed on concretes with high original compressive strengths, that is, high-strength concrete(HSC). The compressive strength-temperature relationships from the reviewed test programs are distinguished by the test methods used in obtaining the data(unstressed, unstressed residual strength, and stressed tests) and by the aggregate types(normal or lightweight), The compressive strength properties of HSC vary differently with temperature than those of NSC. HSC have higher rates of strength loss than lower strength concrete in the temperature range of between 20$^{\circ}C$ to about 400$^{\circ}C$. These difference become less significant at temperatures above 400$^{\circ}C$ compressive strengths of HSC at 800$^{\circ}C$ decrease to about 30 ％ of the original room temperature strength. A comparison of lest results with current code provisions on the effects of elevated temperatures on concrete compressive strength and elastic modulus shows that the CEN Eurocodes and the CEB provisions are unconservative.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.109-115
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• 1984

In order to estimate the recent patterns of intestinal helminth infections among the residents in Taegu City, Korea, a survey based on discovery of helminth eggs by formalin-ether sedimentation and modified Graham's scotchtape anal swab techniques, were performed during the period from March to September in 1983. A total of 1, 697 fecal specimens were collected from 854 male and 843 female residents from 5 village (Dong), each of whom were selected randomly to represent 1, 000 persons referred to the census in 1982. Among the specimens examined, one or more species of helminth parasites were found in 473, revealing the overall positive rate of 27.9 per cent. Of them, Trichuris trichiura was found most frequently, in 13.2 percent, followed by Enterobius vermicularis in 7.0 per cen t. Hookworm was the least prevalent. The sex-specific rate of overall helminth infections was a little higher in females than in males, while in cases of Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai and Taenia species, the infection rates in males was higher than in females. T. trichiura was most prevalent in the 20~29 age group and showed about the same prevalence in males and females of all age groups. C. sinensis infection rate increased with age while those of Ascaris lumbricoides decreased. Single infections were 82.5 per cent of all positive cases. Of these, T. trichiura revealed the highest prevalence in 31.7 per cent, followed by E. vermiculasis in 20.1 per cent and A. lumbricoides in 14.8 per cent. Of the double infections, the percentage of T. trichiura in combination with other intestinal helminths was higher than that of A. lumbricoides. It was concluded that although the infection rates of intestinal helminths among the residents in Taegu City, Korea is still high, eradication of these parasitic diseases seems to be possible with twice-a-year administration of specific anthelmintics, in combination with extensive public health education and improvement of the dietary life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.29
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• pp.5-22
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• 1996

the present thesis aims to contribute to the further development of the men's wear indus-try in Korea which now confronts the need to adjust itself more actively to the conditions of the coming age of internationalization and free trade. To achieve this this thesis suggests the trade should provide for the changing domestic needs on theone hand and refine its wares as high value-added products in compe-tition with those from the advanced countries in fashion industry on the other, The history of the 'suit' the standard men's attire dates back to 1850 when the 'Ditto suit' was introduced composed of coat waist coat vest and trousers to remain virtually unchanged till the end of the nineteenth cen-tury and the modern men's wear originated in Britain. In Korea since the introduction of western clothes from 1876 custom-made suits had been dominant until 1944 while western clothes earned popular currency between 1945 and 1964 and ready-made suits began to spread with their advantages recognized in terms of practicality convenience and functionality The next phase from 1965 to 1985 witnessed the establishment of a number of ready-made brands although custom-made suits stayed in their height of prosperity until 1975. The turn-ing point for the men's wear industry came in 1975 when high-calss ready-made brands be-gan to turn up with the arrival of large companies in the market matching the change in consumers' life style. The men's wear market went through further diversification and specialization dur-ing the years between 1985. and 1990. Around the year 1990 however the expansion of the business suit industry came to slow down ac-companied by an oversupplied market. The fashion of pragmatism in the 1990s called for the growth of the casual wear department and as consumers' life style became more and more individualized conscious dressing in accord ance with T.P.O established itself as an important branch of culture, Such casual boom is likely to aid in promoting Korea's men's wear indus-try to peer with that of advanced countries. Consumers' fashion sense is now ahead of the trade's as well as being shortcycled highly individualized stylized and diversified. To meet consumers' demands under such circum-stances each company is required to develop its unique soft Know How based on accurate information and strategically specialized plan-ning. The trade should convert its hithero producer-oriented strategy to a new consumer oriented one and actively lead the needs and purchasin g pattern of consumers by providing an efficient and reasonable price policy with optimum supply of merchandise and also by presenting 'our' trend suited to our circum-stances.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.115-120
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• 2017

Moving techniques is made up the physical moving status of the flow distinction modulus (FDM) and stream distinction modulus (SDM) on the shudder moving shape. Condition of the distinction modulus by the shudder moving shape is organized the dangle moving system. As to define the physical moving of special signal on the matter, we compared a shudder value of the flow distinction modulus on the flow state. The concept of stream distinction modulus is analyzed the reference of stream distinction signal and stream distinction signal by the stream state. For detecting a variation of the FDM-SDM of the maximum-minimum and average in terms of the moving shape, and shudder moving value that is a shudder value of the top variation of the $Top-{\varepsilon}$ MAX-MIN-AVG with $(-0.817){\pm}0.15$ units, that is a shudder value of the peripheral variation of the $Per-{\varepsilon}$ MAX-MIN-AVG with $(-2.53){\pm}(-0.11)$ units, that is a shudder value of the limbus variation of the $Lim-{\varepsilon}$ MAX-MIN-AVG with $(-0.29){\pm}0.03$ units, that is a shudder value of the center variation of the $Cen-{\varepsilon}$ MAX-MIN-AVG with $(-0.09){\pm}(-0.01)$ units. The dangle moving will be to assess at the capacity of the physical moving shape for the control degree of distinction modulus on the FDM-SDM that is showed the flow and stream shape by the distinction modulus system. Dangle distinction system is adjusted of a shape by the special moving and is included a shudder data of dangle moving modulus.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2006

Genotype data from seven microsatellites typed in 231 animals were used to estimate the genetic structures of eight cow population distributed by regional area in Hanwoo (Korean cattle). In total, 53 alleles were detected from the genotyping of seven microsatellite markers. The average of expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.682 to 0.734 in 8 population of Hanwoo. Even though there were also some of alleles that were found in only specific regional population, similar frequency pattern for the most of alleles appeared in various 8 population. Genetic distances between populations were obtained using STDUPGMA method to construct a phylogenetic tree. The tree illustrated that most individuals were grouped on the basis of populations, distributed by the regional area. Some of genetic parameter on the basis of microsatellite gonotyping appears to provide a useful tool for examining the regional area kindship and genetic variation in Hanwoo.