• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2017

In this study, an anchor dragging simulation was performed using the CEL method to design a rock-berm, which is a protection method for submarine cables. In order to simulate an anchor drag, preliminary simulations were first performed to determine the initial anchor penetration depth, anchor drag velocity, drag angle, and distance between the anchor and rock-berm. Based on the preceding simulation results, a safe rock-berm design for protecting the submarine cables was simulated to calculate the anchor penetration depth by the anchor dragging. As a result, the penetration depth of the anchor was found to be shallower in a hard seabed, and the penetration depth was deeper in a soft seabed, the height of the rock-berm was determined according to the physical properties of the seabed.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.895-906
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• 2014

대수심 부유 구조물의 하부기초 기술 중 하나인 dynamically penetration anchor (DPA 또는 흔히 torpedo anchor로 칭함)의 거동특성을 시험결과 및 수치 해석적 접근을 통해 분석하였다. 기존의 유한요소 해석기법으로는 이러한 대수심 anchor 구조물의 거동 특성을 적절히 모사하기 어렵기 때문에 본 연구에서는 이러한 부분을 해결하기 위해 Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) 법을 통해 지반-구조물 사이에서 발생하는 메쉬(mesh)의 distortion 현상 및 경계조건 등의 문제점을 대변형의 관점에서 해결하고자 하였다. 실측치와의 비교를 통해, CEL 기법의 타당성을 검증하였고, 그 결과 본 연구에서 적용한 CEL 기법이 기존 유한요소 기술로는 구현이 불가능한 대수심 anchoring system의 자유낙하에 의한 전반적인 거동 및 지반의 변형특성을 적절히 예측함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 검증된 기법을 바탕으로 dynamic anchor의 거동에 영향을 주는 여러 요소들에 대한 매개변수 연구를 추가로 수행하였다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2004

In non-selective frequency environment, it is difficult to take the advantage of path diversity. In the literature, some methods have been proposed to solve the issue. This paper presents a new method to obtain the resolvable path in Indoor Multi-carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) system by using downlink beam forming. With the aid of downlink beamforming, the most reliable path is found and chosen for the communication link. The new approach is evaluated in term of bit error rate (BER) and power consumption. The simulation results show that the new approach can get better BER performance. However, the cost of BER improvement is a small degradation in power reservation.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.72-75
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• 2005

In this work, we first present our study on the decoding schemes for space-time block code as well as our comments on their complexity. Then, we propose a new modified complex sphere decoding scheme, which has lower computational load than that of conventional complex sphere decoders. In the proposed scheme, the boundary for searching is aided with the intersection of approximate polygon of searching circle and disk of constellation. Therefore, the proposed scheme can reduce the searching boundary while can avoid missing searching points. The performance of the proposed scheme is verified by computer simulation that consolidates our scheme.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.556-563
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• 2019

The ice keel gouge and seabed interaction is one of the major considerations in the design of an Arctic pipeline system. Ice keel and seabed interaction engineering models based on experimental data, which give an explicit equation for estimating the ice gouging depth, have been suggested. The suggested equations usually overestimate the ice keel gouging depth. In addition, various types of numerical analyses have been carried out to verify the suggested engineering model equations in comparison to the experimental data. However, most of numerical analysis results were also overestimated compared with the laboratory experimental data. In this study, a numerical analysis considering the contact condition and geostatic stress was carried out to predict the ice keel gouging depth and compared with the previous studies. Considering the previously mentioned conditions, more accurate results were produced compared with the laboratory experiment results and the error rate was reduced compared to previous numerical analysis studies.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.356.3-357
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• 2002

Metoprolol (MT) is one kinds of adrenergic beta-blockers. Its (S)-enantiomer is known to be more active than the (R). Recently. the x-ray structure of beta-blocker. (S)-propranolol (a-naphthyl analogue), complexed in a mould fungal cellulase. Cel7A. was reported and the (R)-form did not build any complex. And in our previous study the conformation and stability of MT in carboxymethylated beta-cyclodextrin (BCD) complex was determined by NMR. HPLC, UV and electrophoresis measurement. (omitted)

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.245-259
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• 2020

Tunnels have become an indispensable part of metro cities. Blast resistance design of tunnel has attracted the attention of researchers due to numerous implosion event. Present paper deals with the non-linear finite element analysis of rock tunnel having shear zone subjected to internal blast loading. Abaqus Explicit schemes in finite element has been used for the simulation of internal blast event. Structural discontinuity i.e., shear zone has been assumed passing the tunnel cross-section in the vertical direction and consist of Highly Weathered Granite medium surrounding the tunnel. Mohr-Coulomb constitutive material model has been considered for modelling the Highly Weathered Granite and the shear zone material. Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP), Johnson-Cook (J-C), Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state models are used for concrete, steel reinforcement and Trinitrotoluene (TNT) simulation respectively. The Coupled-Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method of modelling for TNT explosive and air inside the tunnel has been adopted in this study. The CEL method incorporates the large deformations for which the traditional finite element analysis cannot be used. Shear zone orientations of 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°, with respect to the tunnel axis are considered to see their effect. It has been concluded that 60° orientation of shear zone presents the most critical situation.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.47-61
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• 1996

An ATM switch must deal with various kinds of input sources having different traffic characteristics and it must guarantee very small value of cel loss probability, about 10$^{8}$ -10$^{12}$ , to deal with loss-sensitive traffics. In order to estimate such a rate event probability with simulation procedure, a variance reduction technique is essential for obtaining an appropriate level of precision with reduced cost. In this paper, we propose a hybrid simulation technique to achieve reduction of variance of cell loss probability estimator, where hybrid means the combination of analytical method and simulation procedure. A discrete time queueing model with multiple input sources and a finite shared buffer is considered, where the arrival process at an input source and a finite shared buffer is considered, where the arrival process at an input source is governed by an Interrupted Bernoulli Process and the service rate is constant. We deal with heterogeneous input sources as well as homogeneous case. The performance of the proposed hybrid simulation estimator is compared with those of the raw simulation estimator and the importance sampling estimator in terms of variance reduction ratios.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 제17회 워크샵 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.541-544
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• 2005

This study presents the integrated modeling approach to simulate the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system for vehicle application. The fuel cell system consisting of stack and balance of plant (BOP) was simulated with MATLAB/Simulink environment to estimate the maximum system power and investigate the effect of BOP component sizing on system performance and efficiency. The PEM fuel cell stack model was established by using a semi-empirical modeling. To maximize the net efficiency of fuel cel1 system, multi-variable optimization code was adopted. Using this method the optimized operating values were obtained according to various system net power levels. The fuel cell model established was co-linked to AVL CRUISE, a vehicle simulation package. Through the vehicle simulation software, the fuel economy of fuel cell powered electric vehicle for two types of driving cycles was presented and compared. It is expected that this study tan be effectively employed in the basic BOP component sizing and in establishing system operation map with respect to net power level of fuel cell system.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.231-245
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• 2024

In recent decades, the protection and vulnerability of civil structures under explosion loads became a critical issue in terms of security, which may cause loss of lives and structural damage. Concrete retaining walls also restrict soils and slopes from displacements; meanwhile, intensive temporary loading may cause massive damage. In the current study, the modified Johnson-Holmquist (also known as J-H2) material model is implemented for concrete materials to model damages into the ABAQUS through user-subroutines to predict the blasting-induced concrete damages and volume strains. For this purpose, a 3D finite-element model of the concrete retaining wall was conducted in coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian simulation. Subsequently, a blast load equal to 500 kg of TNT was considered in three different positions due to UFC 3-340-02. Influences of the critical parameters in smooth blastings, such as distance from a free face, position, and effective blasting time, on concrete damage rate and destroy patterns, are explored. According to the simulation results, the concrete penetration pattern at the same distance is significantly influenced by the density of the progress environment. The result reveals that the progress of waves and the intensity of damages in free-air blasting is entirely different from those that progress in a dense surrounding atmosphere such as soil. Half-damaged elements in air blasts are more than those of embedded explosions, but dense environments such as soil impose much more pressure in a limited zone and cause more destruction in retaining walls.