• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2006

ECG와 같은 생체 신호를 장시간 저장하기 위해서는 많은 메모리를 필요로 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다단계 벡터양자화 기법을 적용하여 ECG의 웨이브렛 리프팅 계수를 압축하는 방법을 제안한다. 첫 번째 단계의 코드북은 ECG의 웨이브렛 리프팅 계수를 양자화하고 두 번째 단계 코드북은 오차 신호의 웨이브렛 리프팅 계수에 대해 J개의 후보 코드벡터를 구해 양자화하여 복원 오차를 최소화하도록 하였다. 두 코드북의 코드벡터는 웨이브렛 계수의 에너지 분포특성을 이용해서 고주파 성분의 계수를 제거함으로써 코드북의 검색 시간과 복잡성을 감소 시켰다. 실험 결과 CDR이 276.62 bit/sec에서 3%이하의 PRD를 얻었다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2011

Background: Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is characterized by the intensive infiltration of lymphoid cells, the presence of EBV, and the better prognosis over typical adenocarcinoma. Thus, it was assumable that viral latent proteins may be responsible for the recruitment of a certain T cell repertoire to EBV-associated gastric carcinoma. Methods: To examine above possibility, EBV gene expression in gastric carcinoma tissues and usage of TCR among the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were analyzed. Results: EBV specific DNA and EBERs RNA were detected in 4 out of 30 patients. RT-PCR analysis revealed that all 4 of EBV-positive tumor tissues expressed EBNA1 mRNA and BARTs and LMP2a was detected only one sample out of 4. However, the EBNA2 and LMP-1 transcripts were not detected in these tissues. $CD8^+$ T cells were the predominant population of infiltrating lymphocytes in the EBV-positive gastric carcinoma. According to spectra type analysis of infiltrating T cells, 10 predominant bands were detected by TCR $V{\beta}$ CDR3 specific RT-PCR from 4 EBV-positive tumor tissues. Sequence analysis of these bands revealed oligoclonal expansion of T cells. Conclusion: These findings suggest that clonally expanded T cells in vivo might be a population of cytotoxic T cells reactive to EBV-associated gastric carcinoma.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2018

Background: Brain volume is associated with dementia and depression in the elderly. An easy way to predict relative brain volume is to measure head circumference. In this study, we investigated the relationship between head circumference and cognition as well as depression in a non-demented elderly community. Methods: Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in 2007 and 2010. At baseline, community residents aged 65 years or over (n=382) within a rural area of South Korea were screened for dementia and symptoms of depression and were followed using the same screening battery after 3 years (n=279). Data from anthropometric measurements (head circumference, height, and body weight), demographics, and blood tests were gathered. Neuropsychological tests, including the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR) including the CDR-sum of boxes, the Korean version of instrumental activities of daily living, and geriatric depression scale (GDS), were performed. None of the 279 subjects followed were demented. Results: Baseline performance on the K-MMSE and GDS was poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Follow-up performance on the MMSE was also poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Interestingly, participants with smaller head circumference showed worse GDS scores at baseline but on follow-up examination, participants with larger head circumference showed rapid worsening than those with smaller head circumference with marginal significance by ANOVA test. In regression coefficient analysis, GDS decline showed significant difference. Conclusion: Head circumference was not associated with cognitive change but was associated with symptoms of depression in non-demented community residents.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2021

Objective : The adaptive immune response following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is not well understood. We evaluated and compared the T cell receptor (TCR) immune repertoire of good-grade and poor-grade SAH patients to elucidate the T cell immunology after ictus. Methods : Peripheral blood from six SAH patients was collected at two different times, admission and at the 7-day follow-up. Composition and variation of the TCR β-chain (TCRB) complimentary determining regions (CDR) 3 repertoire was examined using high-throughput sequencing; the analysis was based on sampling time and disease severity (good vs. poor-grade SAH). Results : Clonality at admission and follow-up were 0.059 (0.037-0.038) and 0.027 (0.014-0.082) (median, 25th-75th percentile). Poor-grade SAH (0.025 [0.011-0.038]) was associated with significantly lower clonality than good-grade SAH (0.095 [0.079-0.101]). Poor-grade SAH patients had higher diversity scores than good-grade SAH patients. CDR length was shorter in good-grade SAH vs. poor-grade SAH. Differences in clonotype distribution were more prominent in TCRBV gene segments than TCRBJ segments. TCRBV19-01/TCRBJ02-04 and TCRBV28-01/TCRBJ02-04 were the most increased and the most decreased V-J pairs in the 7-day follow-up compared to admission in good-grade SAH. The most increased and decreased V-J pairs in poor-grade SAH patients were TCRBV28-01/TCRBJ02-06 and TCRBV30-01/TCRBJ02-04, respectively. Conclusion : The TCRB repertoire is dynamic in nature following SAH. TCRB repertoire may facilitate our understanding of adaptive immune response according to SAH severity.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.782-787
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• 2023

KASS (korea augmentation satellite system) 시스템 통합 및 검증(IVQ; integration, verification, qualification) 활동은 시스템 및 하위시스템 요구사항 검증 활동으로 IART(inspection, analysis, review of design, test) 기반으로 상세설계 (CDR; critical design review) 이후 하위시스템 공장수락시험 (FAT; factory acceptance test)부터 현장수락시험 (SAT; site acceptance test) 그리고 시스템 통합 검증 시험 (TRR; test readiness review) 까지 수행하였다. FAT 단계의 활동은 개발된 장비를 테스트 플랫폼에 설치하고 각 장비별 인터페이스 검증과 통합운영국(KCS; kass control station)과의 연동시험을 통해 성능을 검증하였다. SAT 단계의 활동은 FAT 단계에서 검증된 KRS (kass reference station), KPS (kass processing station), KUS (kass uplink station), KCS를 운영 현장에 설치하고 검증하는 단계이며 개발 일정 및 여건을 고려하여 3단계로 구분하여 수행하였다. TRR 단계의 활동은 항공위성1호기에서 방송되는 SBAS (satellite based augmentation system) 메시지를 이용하여 SAT을 통해 검증된 장비를 FAT 단계에 수행했던 시험 항목과 추가 시험 항목 검증을 통해 전체 시스템에 대한 성능 검증을 완료하였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2001

본 논문은 무궁화위성 3호의 잔여연료량 추정을 위해 사용된 열질량법에 대한 기본적인 이론과 오차분석에 대한 내용을 정리하였다. 연구과정에서 잔여연료량 추정에 대하여 무궁화위성 3호의 CDR(Critical Design Review)의 데이터를 분석하였고 이를 바탕으로 하여 잔여연료량을 추정하였다. 그리고 해석적 방법으로 오차분석과정을 검증하여 보았고 이를 Monte Carlo 방법을 사용한 결과와 비교 검토하였다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 1986

This study was carried out to determine the mortality level and it's related demographic factors in Korea since 1942. In order to clarify the changes in structure of mortality and the causes of death, the indices such as Crude Death Rate(CDR) or Life Expectancy at Birth were used. The author examined the mortality levels and major causes of death and performed the relevant demographic analysis. The followings are the summary of this study: 1. The CDR declined rapidly till 1960's. Such improvement slowed down from 1960's to mid 1970's and stabilized afterwards. It was due to the change of age composition, namely, the increase of aging population. 2. The Life Expectancy at Birth increased rapidly till mid 1960's. But elongation of the Life Expectancy slowed down after then. Especially in female, it slowed down more. 3. Changing patterns of major causes of death summarize that, till 1960's infectious diseases were major causes of death, but recently non-infectious diseases like chronic degenerative diseases became more prevalent. 4. The elongation of Life Expectancy at Birth till mid 1960's was mainly resulted by $_4{q}_1$. But the major contributing factor of the improvement in Life Expectancy at Birth in female is he reduction of $_$\infty${q}_{50}$ recently. In male, the improvement in Life Expectancy at Birth is due to the reduction of $_1{q}_0$. recently. 5. The age-sex-specific mortality rates revealed that $_n{q}_x$ declined in common throughout the period, even though there exists some variability of their ranges as age changes. Consequently, this study seems to suggest that the demographic transition in Korea occurred between late 1960's and early 1970's. In other words, the rapid change before late 1960's was eased in early 1970's. The slow change in this period caused a stabilizing pattern. Therefore, the population change is expected to be stabilized continuously.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.279-289
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• 2019

가뭄재해는 다른 재해와 다르게 광범위한 공간에 걸쳐서 충분한 강우가 발생하기 전까지 오랜 기간 동안 발생되는 특성이 있다. 위성 영상은 시공간적으로 지속적인 강수량 관측을 제공할 수 있다. 본 연구는 위성 영상 기반의 강수자료를 활용하여 기상학적 가뭄 전망 모형을 개발하였다. PERSIANN_CDR, TRMM 3B42와 GPM IMERG 영상을 활용하여 강수 자료를 구축한 뒤, 표준강수지수(SPI)를 기반으로 기상학적 가뭄을 정의하였다. 과거의 가뭄 정보와 물리적 예측 모형 기반의 가뭄 예측 결과를 결합할 수 있는 베이지안 네트워크 기반 가뭄 예측 기법을 이용하여 확률론적 가뭄 예측 결과를 생산하였으며, 가뭄 예측결과를 가뭄 전망 의사결정 모형에 적용하여 가뭄 전망 결과를 도출하였다. 가뭄 전망 정보는 가뭄 발생, 지속, 종결, 가뭄 없음의 4단계로 구분하였다. 본 연구의 가뭄 전망 결과는 ROC 분석을 통하여 물리적 예측 모형인 다중모형 앙상블(MME)을 활용한 가뭄 전망 결과와 전망 성능을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 2~3개월 가뭄 전망에 대한 가뭄 발생 및 지속의 단계에서는 MME 모형보다 높은 전망성능을 보여주었다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권11호
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• pp.1695-1699
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• 2012

This paper is proposed all digital wide-range clock and data recovery circuit. The Proposed clock data recovery circuit is possible input data rate which is suggested is wide-range that extends from 100Mb/s to 3Gb/s and used an phase error detector which can use a way of over-sampling a data by using a 1/2-rate multi-phase clock and phase rotator which is regular size per $2{\pi}$/16 and can make a phase rotation. So it could make the phase rotating in range of input data rate. Also all circuit is designed as a digital which has a specificity against a noise. This circuit is designed to 0.13um CMOS process and verified simulation to spectre tool.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.71.1-71.1
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• 2013

한국천문연구원은 우주물체 전자광학 감시체계 기술개발 사업을 통해 자국위성의 추적감시를 위해 0.5m 광시야 감시관측소 국제 네트워크(OWL : Optical Wide-Field patroL)를 구축할 예정이다. OWL 시스템의 설계 검증을 위해 시험모델을 개발하였고, 연구소 내에 테스트베드에 설치하여 종합적인 테스트를 수행하고 있다. 2012년 11월 상세설계 검토회의(CDR)를 수행하여 해외 설치할 서브시스템들의 설계를 확정 하였다. 현재 테스트 베드에서는 마운트와 컨트롤 시스템의 성능을 시험하기위해 10인치 RC 대체 경통으로 테스트 관측을 수행하였고, 3월에 납품한 proto-type 경통을 부착하여 시험관측 중에 있다. 시험 관측으로 획득한 영상들과 시스템의 개발 진행사항을 논의 하고자 한다.