• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.421-433
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the relationships among blood-stasis. cardio-ankle vascular index(CAVI) and cardiovascular risk. Methods : We obtained general characteristics. blood-stasis score and CAVI from 150 stroke patients. Blood-stasis score was evaluated by blood-stasis criteria. Cardiovascular risk (the following. Stuart's risk score) was evaluated by Stuart's risk scoring scale. We divided subjects into a blood-stasis group and a non blood-stasis group by blood-stasis scores. high CAVI and normal CAVI groupsby CAVI. We compared the general characteristics. CAVI (excluded from comparison between high CAVI group and normal CAVI group), Stuart's risk score and blood-stasis score (excluded from comparison between blood-stasis group and non blood-stasis group) between each pair of groups. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to examine the relationship between blood stasis score and CAVI, blood stasis score and Stuart's risk score. CAVI and Stuart's risk score. Results : The blood-stasis group had significantly higher CAVI and Stuart's risk scores than the non blood stasis group. The high CAVI group had significantly higher blood-stasis score and Stuart's risk score than the normalCAVI group. In correlation analysis. there were significant positive relationship between blood stasis score and Stuart's risk score, CAVI and Stuart's risk score. and blood stasis score and CAVI. Conclusions : This study suggeststhat there is a significant relationship among blood stasis,CAVI and cardiovascular risk.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2019

비만과 혈관 경직도간에 역상관 관계가 보고되고 있으나, 고령자나 노인에서는 일관된 결과를 보이고 있지 않다. 이 연구에서는 건강한 노인을 대상으로 CAVI로 측정한 동맥 경직도와 BMI간의 연관성을 조사하였다. 이 연구는 2018년 7월부터 2019년 6월까지 경기지역 종합병원에서 건강검진을 시행한 65세 이상 건강한 노인을 629명을 대상으로 하였다. 대사증후군 진단은 US National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP)의 Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III의 기준에 따랐으며, NCEP-ATP III의 기준 중 허리둘레 및 비만기준은 WHO의 기준에 따랐다. 모든 연구 대상자는 생화학적 혈액검사 및 CAVI를 측정하였다. 남녀 모두에서 CAVI치는 정상체중군보다 비만군에서 낮았으며, 성별(P=0.047), 연령(P<0.001), BMI (P<0.001), 허리둘레(P=0.009)는 CAVI에 영향을 미치는 요인이었다. 또한 성별, 높은 혈압, 고혈당은 CAVI치의 독립적인 정적 예측인자이지만, 비만은 부적 예측인자로 나타나 CAVI와 BMI는 역상관 관계를 보였다. 결론적으로, 이 연구는 노인을 대상으로 CAVI와 BMI간에 역상관 관계를 나타내며, BMI로 측정한 비만은 CAVI의 부적 예측인자였다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.434-446
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• 2020

Objectives: The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) are non-invasive methods to evaluate cardiovascular disease and arteriosclerosis. This study investigated the relationship between CAVI, ABI, and factors related to arteriosclerosis. Methods: This study included 535 healthy adults who underwent health examinations in 2019. We analyzed the correlation between CAVI, ABI and clinical variables. Multiple regression analysis was performed on the independent clinical variables associated with CAVI and ABI. Results: The correlation analysis of CAVI showed that body mass index (BMI) and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) had a negative correlation, and the other variables had a significant positive correlation. The correlation analysis with ABI on the right side showed that age, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), gender, and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) had a significant positive correlation, while HDL-C had a significant negative correlation. There was no statistical significance on the left. In the multiple regression analysis, DBP, age, BMI, gender, and HDL-C were proved to be independent factors in CAVI (right) (R²=0.365); DBP, age, gender, BMI, fasting blood sugar, and total cholesterol in CAVI (left) (R²=0.357); and age, gender, DBP, and systolic blood pressure in ABI (right) (R²=0.133). There were no statistically significant factors in ABI (left). It could be inferred that smoking and drinking are determinants that play an important role in CAVI. Conclusion: CAVI showed a high correlation with gender, age, and blood pressure. A significant correlation between CAVI and serum lipid values could be observed, but this showed a low correlation coefficient. ABI showed a high correlation with age and DBP. These results support the use of CAVI and ABI as primary diagnostic devices in medical treatment.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2014

The performance of the new aerobic digestion system combined with inorganic sludge separation unit and sludge solubilization unit, CaviTec II, is evaluated. Anaerobic digester effluent sludge is used for feed sludge of CaviTec II system. By addition of CaviTec II, the amount of cake generated is reduced by 27%, and the soluble nitrogen is reduced by 92%.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.241-250
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• 2006

Backgrounds: Blood stasis is hon as an important pathologic factor for vascular disorder in Oriental medicine. Despite its clinical importance there have been few objective tests for diagnosing blood stasis. Objectives: This study was designed to examine the relationship between blood stasis and arterial stiffness measured by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Methods: The subjects were 104 ischemic stroke patients with onset after 14 days. Their general characteristics, lipid profiles and uric acid were recorded. The degree of arterial stiffness was assessed by CAVI, and blood stasis was evaluated by diagnostic criteria. The data were analyze4 by chi-square test, student t-test, spearman correlation analysis, and pearson correlation analysis. Then, stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis was applied in order to exclude the interactions among several factors. Results: There were significant differences in right, left and higher CAVI between the blood stasis group and the non blood stasis group (p-value<0.01). Age, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride and CAVI had relationships with blood static scores. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of blood stasis for arterial stiffness with CAVI above 9 were 7.091 (95% confidence interval, $1.641\sim30.638$). Conclusions: The results demonstrated the relationship between blood stasis and arterial stiffness measured by CAVI. Therefore, we suggest that CAVI should be one of the objective tests for diagnosing blood stasis.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.970-978
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• 2008

Objectives : This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the Oriental medical diagnosis and arteriosclerosis by measuring carotid-ankle vascular index(CAVI) in acute cerebral infarction patients. Method : One hundred thirty-one subjects were recruited from the patients admitted to the Internal Medical Department at Kyunghee University Oriental Medical Center from April 2007 to August 2008. We sorted cerebral infarction patients and assessed one hundred fourteen patients' CAVI data. We diagnosed dampness-phlegm by Oriental medical diagnosis and evaluated stroke type by single or multiple infarctions. then, we analyzed their characteristics with type of stroke, risk factor, lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and dampness-phlegm diagnosis. Result : 1. On the demographic variables of the patients, age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, multiple infarction group and metabolic syndrome and dampness-phlegm group were significantly higher in the high CAVI score group than in the control. 2. According to the significant difference in the dampness-phlegm group, we analyzed dampness-phlegm related index for pattern identifications by CAVI score. As a result, dark circles, insomnia, headache, white coating tongue. slippery pulse, and rough pulse were significantly higher in the high CAVI score group then in the control. 3. In multivariate analysis, age, hypertension, multiple infarction and dampness-phlegm groups showed a close relationship with the high CAVI score group. Conclusions : According to the analysis, significance between dampness-phlegm diagnosed patients group and high CAVI score were clarified. Moreover, multiple location infarctions also have a relationship with high CAVI score in cerebral infarction patients. These results can be utilized in the future as a basis material.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.141-152
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• 1992

Four endodontic instruments from different manufacturers(K - file, Hedstrom - file, K - flex - file, Cavi - Endo) were used to shape 80 mesial canals of extracted posterior teeth. The instrument's ability to enlarge and shape the canals as the original canal shape was assessed by superimposing radiographs of canals obtained before and after canal shaping. The results were as follows 1. Hedstrom - file enlarged canals greater than K - file, K - flex - file, and Cavi - Endo(P<0.05). There are no differences in canal enlargement among K - flex, K - flex - file, and Cavi - Endo(P<0.05). 2. All the instruments showed no difference in canal enlargement between convex side and concave side of B point in proximal and clinical radiographic views, but at the concave side of C point canals were enlarged greater than at the convex side(proximal view of K - file: P<0.05, the others: P<0.01). 3. There was no difference m canal enlargement between convex side and concave side in proximal view of A and D points of K - file and K - flex - file(P<0.05). But in clinical view, canal enlargement at convex side of A point and concave side of D point was greater than that at concave side of A point and convex side of D point respectively. 4. Hedstrom - files showed greater canal enlargement at convex side of A points and concave side of D points (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Cavi - Endo showed no difference in canal enlargement between convex side and concave side at A and D points in proximal view(P<0.05). Bur canal enlargement was greater at concave side than at convex side of D point in clinical view. 5. K - file and Cavi - Endo showed no differences in canal enlargement between convex and concave side in proximal and clinical view (P<0.05). K - flex - file showed greater canal enlargement at concave side in proximal and clinical view(P<0.0:5). Hedstrom file showed no difference in canal enlargement between convex side and concave side in proximal view, but showed greater canal enlargement at concave side in clinical view(P<0.05).

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2006

Objectives : Uwhangchungsimwon (UC) is one of the famous herbal medicine frequently used for stroke, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, etc. Therefore, we intended to examine if UC could have therapeutic effect on arterial stiffness by assessing Cardio-Ankle Vascular lndex (CAVI). Methods : We enrolled 38 healthy male subjects (28±4.41 years old) and divided them into two groups (UC and control group). The UC group (N=22) were treated with 1 pill of UC and monitored by CAVI every hour for 6 hours. The control group(N=16) did not receive any medicine and were also monitored by CAVI the same manner as the UC group. In both group, we also assessed each subject's Yin-Yang pattern score by the diagnostic scoring system. In analysis, we compared the difference of CAVIs between the UC and the control group considering subject's Yin-Yang pattern. Results : There was no significant difference in the change of CAVI between the UC and the control group. After excluding Yang-pattern subjects in both group, however, we could observe that CAVI decreased significantly 5 hours after UC administration compared with the corresponding CAVI in the control group (P=0.025). In the repeated measure analysis, the between-subjects effect had statistical significance (P=0.035). Conclusion : According to these results, we suggest that UC have therapeutic effect on arterial stiffness especially after taking oriental medical diagnosis into consideration.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.705-713
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• 2020

동맥경화는 혈관이 좁아지면서 탄력을 잃어 혈액 순환 장애가 발생하는 질병으로, 최근 증가하는 심혈관 및 뇌혈관 질환의 잠재적 원인이 된다. 경동맥초음파 검사는 동맥경화 정도를 평가하여 심혈관 및 뇌혈관 질환의 예측인자로 사용되고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 경동맥초음파 검사에서 내중막 두께 증가와 여러 임상변수들 간 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 경동맥초음파검사 소견을 가지고 있는 환자를 대상으로 경미한 내중막 두께 비후, 경화반, 유의한 협착 3단계로 분류하였다. 경동맥의 동맥경화 정도와 신체적 특성(성별, 연령, 신체질량지수법, 혈압), 혈액검사(총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백질, 저밀도지방단백질, 크레아틴포스포키나제, 공복혈당)와 동맥경화도 검사에서 계측된 CAVI(Carotid Ankle Vascular Index : 혈관연령) 데이터를 수집하였다. 경동맥 내중막 두께는 고혈압, 고지혈증, BMI 등의 변수와 상관관계가 있었으며, 또한 CAVI가 증가될수록 심혈관계 질환의 위험요인과 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2007

This study is clinical report of one patient on a middle cerebral artery territory infarction who improved with the administration of an herbal medication. We prescribed Chungpyesagan-tang to the patient, and then CAVI(cardio-ankle vascular index), NIHSS, and MBI were followed up 1, 2 and 3 weeks later. After 1, 2 and 3 weeks,, CAVI and NIHSS decreased and MBI increased. These findings suggest that Chungpyesagan-tang has an effect on improvement of neurologic deficit of MCA infarction.