• 소성∙가공
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2018

An airbag is an essential automotive component used in all kinds of vehicles such as an internal combustion engine and an electric motor vehicle and is used to minimize the damage of an occupant in the event of an accident. Airbag-related parts are being monopolized by a small number of foreign companies around the world. In this situation, it is necessary to develop and research the airbag-related part molding technology for expansion of the domestic airbag-related market and corporate export. As a part of this research, we have developed a mold for airbag inflator cap. The development consists of three steps which are the design of components, analysis of the design and verification of it. In the case of the design, the transfer type mold was designed for the multi-cylindrical shaped feature. Analysis was then conducted on the design. By examining the results of analysis, changing features and numbers of punches and dies were added in the analysis and repeatedly analyzed. After the addition, proper dimensions from the analysis were achieved, and prototypes were practically produced and verified. In the case of prototype verification, Pressurizing Burst Test was conducted on the existing products and the prototype. By comparing the results of the test, the possibility of replacing the existing product of the airbag inflator cap is presented in this paper.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2001

Capsaicin, a pungent ingredient of hot pepper, elicits an intense burning pain when applied cutaneously and intradermally. Activation of capsaicin-gated channel in C-type dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons produces nonselective cationic currents. Although electrophysiological and biochemical properties of capsaicin-activated current $(I_{CAP})$ were studied, the regulatory mechanism and intracellular signaling pathway are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the modulations of $I_{CAP}$ by DAMGO $({\mu}-opioid\;agonist)$ and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8). In 18 out of 86 cells, the amplitude of $I_{CAP}$ was significantly increased by DAMGO and completely reversed after washout, while $I_{CAP}$ was decreased by DAMGO in 25 cells. In 43 cells, DAMGO had no effect on $I_{CAP}$. Mean action potential duration was significantly different between 'increased-by-DAMGO' group and 'decreased-by-DAMGO' group. Mean amplitudes of $I_H$ were not significantly different between both groups. CCK-8 reversibly enhanced the amplitude of $I_{CAP}$ (5/13). DAMGO also increased $I_{CAP}$ amplitude significantly in the same cells. The amplitude of $I_{CAP}$ was increased in additive manner by combined applications of DAMGO and CCK-8 in these cells. These results suggest that DAMGO and CCK-8 can either increase or decrease $I_{CAP}$ presumably depending on the subtypes of DRG cells and classified by electrophysiological properties.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2008

다수의 말뚝을 캡(확대기초)으로 연결하여 하중을 지지하는 다주식 기초에 대하여 캡의 연결부를 강결합 조건과 힌지결합 조건으로 구분하여 말뚝 반력 해석의 합리성을 분석하였으며, 널리 사용 중인 탄성변위법과 라멘식 프레임 해석에 기반한 비선형 해석기법을 비교하여 검토하였다. 특히 실제 해상 장대교량의 조건을 대상으로 상부구조와 기초를 연계한 전체 구조계 해석 결과를 분석하여 말뚝머리 구속 조건에 대한 기초 부재 단면력 산정의 적정성을 파악하였다. 이를 위해 캡과 연결된 각 말뚝에서 발생하는 휨모멘트, 전단력, 압축력 등 반력을 산정하고 PM상관도 분석과 지지력 산정을 통해 말뚝 부재의 안정성을 검토하였다. 일반적인 규모의 교량, 또는 강성이 크지 않은 말뚝을 적용한 기초에서는 말뚝-캡 결합 조건에 따른 말뚝 단면 설계의 차이가 현저하지 않으나, 말뚝이 지면 위로 일정 길이 이상 돌출되는 다주식 기초의 해상교량에서는 말뚝머리를 힌지로 고려할 경우 지중부에서 매우 큰 휨모멘트와 전단력이 유발되며, 말뚝머리의 수평변위량이 극단적으로 증가하였다. 해상 장대교량에 대해서는 비현실적 가정조건에 기반한 탄성변위법 보다는 말뚝머리를 캡에 강결합하고 말뚝이 탄성판에 지지된 보로 간주하는 라멘(rahmen) 모델링을 통해 상부구조와 연계한 전체 구조계 해석을 수행하는 것이 바람직하다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1211-1221
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• 2002

A shape optimization of stiffener was conducted to increase buckling load or failure load with stiffened laminated composite panel of I-type under compression loading. Design variables are cap length, web length, and/or thickness under the constraint of volume constancy. The objective function is buckling load and failure load of post-buckling based on Tsai-Hill theory using ABAQUS 5.8 for analysis and Optimizer on Broydon-Fletcher Goldfarb-Sharno Method and Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Method. The effects of relative length of a web and a cap of stiffener on buckling load and failure load of post-buckling were investigated with the results of optimum design.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2011

It is a tendency where the number of the restaurant is increasing recently with advancement of the food service industry. In comparison, Noxiousness fine MIST and the removal are passively done in about offensive odor which occurs meat products processing as emitting like that in the atmosphere. Because adherence lamination in the exhaustion line pipe has need of a periodic cleaning and change, it must discontinue the business of long time. In this paper, The technique development on fine MIST, dust of offensive odor and filtering which occur meat products processing prevents adherence/lamination of fine MIST in exhaustion line pipe. And the source prevents the environmental matter which is emitted in the atmosphere under maximizing boil offensive odor and the filtering effect of noxiousness MIST.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.363-375
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• 2019

Let G = (V, E) be a simple graph with p vertices and q edges. A subset S of V (G) is called a strong (weak) efficient dominating set of G if for every $v{\in}V(G)$ we have ${\mid}N_s[v]{\cap}S{\mid}=1$ (resp. ${\mid}N_w[v]{\cap}S{\mid}=1$), where $N_s(v)=\{u{\in}V(G):uv{\in}E(G),\;deg(u){\geq}deg(v)\}$. The minimum cardinality of a strong (weak) efficient dominating set of G is called the strong (weak) efficient domination number of G and is denoted by ${\gamma}_{se}(G)$ (${\gamma}_{we}(G)$). A graph G is strong efficient if there exists a strong efficient dominating set of G. In this paper, some cycle and star related Nordhaus-Gaddum type relations on strong efficient dominating sets and the number of strong efficient dominating sets are studied.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.700-711
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the method of patternmaking, difficult in draft of patternmaking, fit in sleeve, aesthetic view, fashionableness in the five types of two-piece sleeve under the controled situation. Five types of two piece sleeve that were originated from five countries including domestic companies which called A type, B type, C type, D type, and E type were used. In order to conduct the experiment fur the study, 10 persons who were well organized about the patternmaking drafted 5 types of sleeve and were tested for the differences in the method of patternmaking, difficulty in draft of patternmaking. Another panel were tested for fit in sleeve, aesthetic view, fashionableness in the five types of two-piece sleeve in jacket under the controled situation. The results of this study were as followed 1. C type was needed height of armhole in bodice and D type was needed height of armhole and width of armhole in bodice as well as all parts of sleeve measurements to draft patternmaking. 2. There were significant differences of the items such as cap height, ease amount around sleeve cap, width of sleeve, forwardness of sleeve and the length of elbow line of the five types patternmaking drafted. 3. There were significant differences of difficulty in draft of the five types of patternmaking. C type and E type were easier to draft. 4. There were significant differences in fitness of the sleeves in jacket. C type and E type were more fit. 5. There were significant differences in aesthetic view. A type, B type and E type were more aesthetic under the situation. 6. There were significant differences in fashionableness in jackets. A type and E type were more fashionable under the situation.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.206-216
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• 2014

본 연구는 Landsat 위성영상과 수치임상도 등을 이용하여 충청남도의 임상을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 산림 탄소저장량을 추정하였다. 임상분석은 NDVI 방법과 Tasseled Cap, ISODATA, 감독분류 등을 사용하였으며, 분류된 결과를 기초로 임상통계를 활용하여 충청남도의 산림 탄소저장량을 추정하였다. 그 결과, 위성영상을 이용한 임상분석에서는 감독분류를 통한 임상분석이 가장 높은 전체정확도를 보였으며, 충청남도 전체 임상에서 차지하는 비율은 침엽수(49.3%), 활엽수(28.0%), 혼효림(22.7%)로 나타났다. 수정된 수치임상도를 통해 추정된 산림 탄소저장량과 다른 추정 방법들을 비교분석한 결과에서는 Tasseled Cap과 무감독분류를 이용한 방법이 가장 유사한 산림 탄소저장량을 추정하였지만, 단순히 수치임상도만을 이용한 경우 가장 많은 차이가 나타났다. 향후 위성영상 및 수치임상도를 통합하여 탄소저장량을 추정한다면 국가단위 산림 탄소저장량 추정에 있어서 보다 정확한 결과를 도출할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.619-620
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• 2005

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2018

Recently, in an effort to reduce the energy efficiency design index (EEDI), studies on energy saving devices (ESDs) have been conducted. In this study, we designed a post-device suitable for a KRISO container ship (KCS) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In order to increase the efficiency of the post-device, a twisted rudder was used, which has a proven performance (showing a 1.34% reduction in DHP compared to the bare hull at 24 knots) in previous research at Pusan National University. In addition, an increase in efficiency was expected by the use of a rudder bulb, including the discontinuous section of the twisted rudder and a divergent propeller cap to prevent the contraction of the wake. The optimization criterion was the case where the delivery power was the least compared with the bare hull. We analyzed the cause of the efficiency increase through an analysis of the self-propulsion factor. The case study for optimization was divided into 4 types (1. clearance of the bulb and cap, 2. shape of the bulb, 3. size of the bulb and cap, and 4. asymmetric bulb). Finally, with a clearance of 50 mm from the ship, a spherical bulb with the cap having an angle of $5^{\circ}$, and an asymmetric rudder bulb with a bulb diameter of 1.2HH/1.4H (horizontal/vertical) showed a 2.05% reduction in DHP compared to the bare hull at 24 knots. We will fabricate a post-device that will be optimized in the future and verify the performance of the post-device through model tests.