• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2022

국내 지진발생의 증가에 따라 구조물 간의 접합 및 비구조물과 구조물의 연결에 사용되는 앵커의 내진설계가 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 지진 발생으로 균열폭이 커지는 경우에도 인장성능을 발현할도록 개발된 내진용 스테인리스스틸 확장식 후설치 앵커의 인장실험을 수행하였다. 현장에서 주로 사용하는 앵커의 지름 중 12 mm와 20 mm 앵커를 사용하였다. 확장식 후설치앵커의 내진성능을 평가하기위해 비균열 콘크리트와 균열 콘크리트에서 실험을 수행하였고 실험 방법은 콘크리트용 앵커 설계법 및 예제집 2판(KCI, 2018)에 따라 수행하였다. 실험변수는 균열의 유무, 콘크리트 압축강도, 앵커의 묻힘깊이 3가지이다. 평가는 콘크리트용 앵커 설계법 및 예제집 2판(KCI, 2018)에 제시된 방법인 유효계수(k_c)값에 5% 분위수 안전율을 적용한 특성강도(K_5%)를 이용하여 평가하였다. 설계기준에서 정의된 콘크리트브레이크아웃파괴를 위한 특성강도(K_5%)는 비균열과 균열콘크리트에서 각각 9.8과 7.0 이다. 실험군에서 설계기준보다 높은 특성강도(K_5%)가 발현되어 이 값을 콘크리트브레이크아웃강도로 사용할 수 있다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2022

본 논문은 기업비밀 노출로 초래될 손실을 현격히 줄일 안전 비밀조각 공유 시스템을 제안한다. 본 연구 시스템은 중앙서버 방식이 아닌 효율적 P2P 분산 시스템을 제안한다. 최근 비트코인 유통 시스템도 역시 P2P 분산 방식을 사용하고 있다. 본 연구는 기능이 단순하고 확장성이 높고 전송 효율적인 토렌트 P2P 분산 구조와 그 프로토콜을 사용하여 토렌트 파일조각 대신 임계 샤미르(Shamir) 비밀조각의 보안 유통을 설계한다. 본 연구는 임계 샤미르 비밀조각 공유기법 (Threshold Shamir Secret Sharing Scheme)을 시스템에 적용하고. 동시에 다중 협동장치의 서명기법을 사용하여 안전하고 강력한 다중인증방식의 사용자 인증을 수행한다. 안전한 비밀 데이터 유통도 공개키로 암호화 교환된 임시키의 대칭암호방식의 효율적 암호화로 전송을 한다. 짧은 유효기간의 임시키는 세션 동안 생성되고 세션 마감후 소멸하므로 키 노출에서 안전하다. 특별히 본 제안한 시스템의 특징은 임계 분산기법을 효율적 토렌트 P2P 분산 시스템에 구조적 변경없이 효과적으로 적용한다. 동시에 본 시스템은 효율적인 임시키 대칭암호방식으로 비밀파일 유통에 기밀성을 보장하고 임시키는 공개키 암호방식으로 안전하게 교환된다, 본 시스템은 외부 유출 기기도 사용자로 동적 등록이 가능하다. 이 확장성으로 기밀성과 인증성을 동적으로 등록된 사용자에게도 적용할 수 있다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.1787-1799
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• 2022

Objective: Choline deficiency, one main trigger for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is closely related to lipid metabolism disorder. Previous study in a choline-deficient model has largely focused on gene expression rather than gene structure, especially sparse are studies regarding to alternative splicing (AS). In modern life science research, primary hepatocytes culture technology facilitates such studies, which can accurately imitate liver activity in vitro and show unique superiority. Whereas limitations to traditional hepatocytes culture technology exist in terms of efficiency and operability. This study pursued an optimization culture method for duck primary hepatocytes to explore AS in choline-deficient model. Methods: We performed an optimization culture method for duck primary hepatocytes with multi-step digestion procedure from Pekin duck embryos. Subsequently a NAFLD model was constructed with choline-free medium. RNA-seq and further analysis by rMATS were performed to identify AS events alterations in choline-deficency duck primary hepatocytes. Results: The results showed E13 (embryonic day 13) to E15 is suitable to obtain hepatocytes, and the viability reached over 95% by trypan blue exclusion assay. Primary hepatocyte retained their biological function as well identified by Periodic Acid-Schiff staining method and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity assay, respectively. Meanwhile, genes of alb and afp and specific protein of albumin were detected to verify cultured hepatocytes. Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate purity of hepatocytes, presenting up to 90%. On this base, choline-deficient model was constructed and displayed significantly increase of intracellular triglyceride and cholesterol as reported previously. Intriguingly, our data suggested that AS events in choline-deficient model were implicated in pivotal biological processes as an aberrant transcriptional regulator, of which 16 genes were involved in lipid metabolism and highly enriched in glycerophospholipid metabolism. Conclusion: An effective and rapid protocol for obtaining duck primary hepatocytes was established, by which our findings manifested choline deficiency could induce the accumulation of lipid and result in aberrant AS events in hepatocytes, providing a novel insight into various AS in the metabolism role of choline.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.152-162
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• 2022

Background: The efficacy and safety of equine cartilage as a competent xenograft material for rhinoplasty were evaluated and compared to the outcomes of rhinoplasty using silicone implants. Methods: We performed a multicenter, double-blind, non-inferiority, and randomized confirmatory study. Fifty-six patients were randomized 1:1 to the study group (using MegaCartilage-E) and control group (using silicone implants). The Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) score, photo documentation, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), and adverse event data were obtained until 12 months after surgery. The primary efficacy, which is the change in ROE score 6 months after surgery, was assessed in the modified intention-to-treat set. The secondary efficacy was evaluated in the per-protocol set by assessing the change in ROE score 6 and 12 months after surgery and nasofrontal angle, the height of the nasion, and GAIS 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Results: The change in ROE score of the study group was non-inferior to that of the control group; it increased by 24.26±17.24 in the study group and 18.27±17.60 in the control group (p= 0.213). In both groups, all secondary outcome measures increased, but there was no statistical difference. In the safety set, treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 10 patients (35.71%) in the study group and six patients (21.43%) in the control group (p= 0.237). There were 13 adverse device events in the study group and six adverse device events in the control group (p= 0.515). Conclusion: Processed equine cartilage can be used effectively and safely as xenograft material for rhinoplasty.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.1675-1688
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• 2022

Objective: Pregnant Nelore heifers (n = 417) were used to evaluate the effects of supplementation with monensin-molasses multinutrient block (B) during pre and/or postpartum on reproductive and progeny performance. Methods: Heifers were allocated in four treatments: i) CC: heifers received control supplement (C) in loose meal form (0.06% of body weight [BW] offered daily before and after parturition; n = 108); ii) CB: received C before parturition and B (0.07% of BW offered weekly after parturition; n = 117); iii) BC: received B before and C after parturition (n = 103) and iv) BB: received B before and after parturition (n = 89). During pre and postpartum periods, concentration of metabolites/hormones and cow/calf performance was evaluated over time. Cows were synchronized twice for fixed timed artificial insemination (FTAI) using an estradiol/progesterone-based protocol. Data was analyzed by orthogonal contrasts (C). Results: B increased pregnancy at first FTAI (p = 0.04) and overall pregnancy rate (C1: CC vs BB+BC+CB; p = 0.05). Supplemented cows had greater body condition score (BCS) only at parturition (D0; p = 0.04) and at D40 (p = 0.02). B increased BW (p = 0.03), glucose concentrations (p = 0.01) and subcutaneous fat thickness (p = 0.03) only at D40. Concentrations of insulin were higher in supplemented cows (p = 0.008). Calves born by cows supplemented before and after parturition (C2: BB vs BC+CB) were heavier at 80 (p<0.001), 120 (p<0.001), 170 (p = 0.002) and 210 (p = 0.02) days old. Conclusion: Regardless of period of treatment, block supplementation increased pregnancy at first FTAI and overall pregnancy rate. Additionality, block supplementation during both pre and postpartum periods improved progeny weight until weaning. Block supplementation can be a tool to optimize fertility and calf performance in Nelore primiparous cows.

• 청정기술
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2022

그래핀의 우수한 기계적, 전기적, 열적 성질은 최근 몇 년 동안 여러 연구 분야에서 지대한 관심을 불러일으켰다. 그래핀을 생산하는 대표적인 방법인 습식공정 중 액상박리(liquid-phase exfoliation, LPE)는 초음파 및 높은 전단응력을 이용하여 벌크흑연을 그래핀으로 박리하는 기술이다. 액상박리에 의해 생산된 그래핀 분산액은 그래핀 잉크로 전환되어 그 활용폭을 더 넓힐 수 있는 장점이 있지만 고품질의 그래핀을 생산하고 가격경쟁력을 확보해야 한다. 위 조건을 만족하기 위해서 그래핀을 효율적으로 박리할 수 있는 공정 확보와 더불어 상대적으로 가격이 저렴한 천연흑연 기반의 그래핀 분산액 및 잉크를 생산해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 합성흑연 보다 약 3배 정도 저렴하고 그 크기는7배 이상 큰 천연흑연을 흐름반응기 액상박리 공정을 이용하여 박리를 시도하고 공정의 최적화와 박리된 그래핀의 구조적, 전기적 특성을 분석하였다. 천연흑연 기반 그래핀의 전기적 특성을 분석하기 위해 잉크 정제화 공정을 거쳐 그래핀 잉크를 생산하고 인쇄 장비를 사용하여 그래핀 패턴을 제작하였다. 본 연구를 통해 보다 경제적인 그래핀 분산액 및 잉크를 생산하고 그래핀 인쇄 소자를 개발할 수 있는 방법을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2022

Objectives: Asthma is a chronic disease, and the demand for herbal medicines in this field has increased in recent years. The new findings highlight the role of the gut-lung axis in the pathophysiology of asthma. Hence, this study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of Glasthma syrup, an herbal formula based on Persian medicine, in improving asthma and regulating intestinal permeability. The formula consists of five herbal ingredients that have anti-inflammatory effects on the respiratory tract, also known as gut tonics. Methods: The study will be conducted as a placebo-controlled, triple-blind, randomized trial. It will consist of a 4-week intervention followed by a 4-week follow-up period. The target sample size is 20 patients with moderate asthma aged 18 to 60 years. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group in equal numbers. Patients in the experimental group will take Glasthma syrup (7.5 mL, twice a day), while patients in the control group will take a matching placebo. Both groups will receive a 4-week combination of a long-acting beta2 agonist and a leukotriene modulator as standard of care. Inhaled corticosteroids can be used as rescue medication as needed. Results: The primary outcomes are asthma symptom scale, lung function, and intestinal permeability. Secondary outcomes include quality of life, symptom recurrence rates, and blood tests. A safety assessment will also be conducted during the trial. Conclusion: In this trial, the effects of Glasthma syrup in patients with moderate asthma will be examined. The study will also assess the effects of the formulation on the gut-lung axis by simultaneously monitoring the gut permeability index, asthma symptoms, and lung function.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2022

Purpose: Smart insoles are wearable devices that are inserted into shoes. Smart insoles with built-in pressure and acceleration sensors can measure the plantar pressure, stride length, and walking speed. This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the plantar pressure measurements of smart insoles during walking on flat ground. Materials and Methods: Twenty one subjects were included in this study. After wearing smart insoles, I-SOL^® (Gilon, Seongnam, Korea), the subjects walked a 10 m corridor six times at a rate of 100 steps/min, and the middle three steps, free from direction changes, were chosen for data analysis. The same protocol was repeated after wearing Pedar-X (Novel Corporation, Munich, Germany), an insoletype plantar pressure measurement equipment with proven validity. The average maximum pressure (P_peak, kPa) and the time at which P_peak appeared (P_time, %stride) were calculated for each device. The validity of smart insoles was evaluated by using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of P_peak and P_time between the two instruments, and Cronbach's alpha was obtained from the P_peak values to evaluate the reliability. Results: The ICC of P_peak was 0.651 (good) in the hallux, 0.744 (good) in the medial forefoot, 0.839 (excellent) in the lateral forefoot, and 0.854 (excellent) in the hindfoot. The ICC of P_time showed 0.868 (excellent) in the hallux, 0.892 (excellent) in the medial forefoot, 0.721 (good) in the lateral forefoot, and 0.832 (excellent) in the hindfoot. All ICC values showed good or excellent results. The Cronbach's alpha of P_peak measured in the smart insoles was 0.990 in the hallux, 0.961 in the medial forefoot, 0.973 in the lateral forefoot, and 0.995 in the hindfoot; all indicated excellent reliability in all areas. Conclusion: The plantar pressure measurements of smart insoles during walking on a flat ground showed validity compared to Pedar-X, and high reliability after repeated measurements.

• 대한이식학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2014

Background: Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is known as a good ancillary marker of acute kidney injury (AKI) and its expression has also been observed in acute rejection and chronic graft dysfunction. We tested usefulness of KIM-1 as an indicator of acute and chronic renal graft injury by correlating KIM-1 expression with renal graft function and histology. Methods: A total of 133 zero-time biopsies and 42 follow-up biopsies obtained within 1 year posttransplantation were selected. Renal tubular KIM-1 staining was graded semiquantitatively from 0 to 3 and the extent of staining was expressed as the ratio of KIM-1 positive/CD10 positive proximal tubules using Image J program. Results: KIM-1 was positive in 39.8% of zero-time biopsies. KIM-1 positive cases were predominantly male and had received grafts from donors with older age, deceased donors, and poor renal function at the time of donation, compared with KIM-1 negative cases. KIM-1 expression showed correlation with delayed graft function and acute tubular necrosis. In comparison of KIM-1 expression between stable grafts (n=23) and grafts with dysfunction (n=19) at the time of repeated biopsy, the intensity/extent of KIM-1 staining and renal histology at zero-time did not differ significantly between the two groups. Histologically, KIM-1 expression was significantly increased with both acute and chronic changes of glomeruli, tubules and interstitium, peritubular capillaritis, and arteriolar hyalinosis. Conclusions: KIM-1 can be used as an ancillary marker of AKI and a nonspecific indicator of acute inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. However, KIM-1 expression at zero-time is not suitable for prediction of long-term graft dysfunction.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2003년도 학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.46-46
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• 2003

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a homodimeric protein with a wide spectrum of anti-inflammatory and immune activities. It inhibits cytokine production and expression of immune surface molecules in various cell types. The transgenic mice carrying the human IL-10 gene in conjunction with the bovine $\beta$-casein promoter produced the human IL-10 in milk during lactation. Transgenic mice were generated using a standard method as described previously. To screen transgenic mice, PCR was carried out using chromosomal DNA extracted from tail or toe tissues with a primer set. In this study, stability of germ line transmission and expression of IL-10 gene integrated into host chromosome were monitored up to generation F15 of a transgenic line. When female mouse of generation F9 was crossbred with normal male, generation F9 to F15 mice showed similar transmission rates (66.0$\pm$20.13%, 61.5$\pm$16.66%, 41.1$\pm$8.40%, 40.7$\pm$20.34%, 61.3$\pm$10.75%, 49.2$\pm$18.82%, and 43.8$\pm$25.91%, respectively), implying that the IL-10 gene can be transmitted stably up to long term generation in the transgenic mice. For ELISA analysis, IL-10 expression levels were determined with an hIL-10 ELISA and a mIL-10 ELISA kit in accordance with the supplier's protocol. Expression levels of human IL-10 from milk of generation F9 to F13 mice were 3.6$\pm$1.20 mg/ml, 4.2$\pm$0.93 mg/ml, 5.7$\pm$1.46 mg/ml, 6.3$\pm$3.46 mg/ml, and 6.8$\pm$4.52 mg/ml, respectively. These expression levels are higher than in generation F1 (1.6 mg/ml) mice. We concluded that transgenic mice faithfully passed the transgene on their progeny and successively secreted target proteins into their milk through several generations, although there was a little fluctuation in the transmission frequency and expression level between the generations.