• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.595-600
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• 1997

The oil content and composition of squid visera were determined to obtain data for utilization of this by-product. There was no significant difference in the glycolipid (GL) and phospholipid (PL) content in Illex argentinus and Todarodes pacificus, but neutral lipid (NL) was different (p<0.05). The viscera oil of I. argentinus contained $30.50\%$ total lipid which consisted of $96.24\%$ NL, $2.63\%$ GL, $2.37\%$ PL, and contained $644mg\%$ cholesterol. The viscera oil of T. pacificus contained $30.20\%$ total lipid which consisted of $94.82\%$ NL, $2.85\%$ GL, $2.34\%$ PL, and contained $1,224\;mg\%$ cholesterol. The NL, GL and PL of viscera oil in I. argentinus mainly consist of triglyceride $(44.01\%)$, esterified steryl glycosides $(58.95\%)$ and phosphatidyl cholines $(32.36\%)$, respertively. Those of viscera oil in T. pacificus mainly consist of triglyceride $(39.63\%)$, monogalactosyl diglycerides $(51.67\%)$ and phosphatidyl cholines $(31.98\%)$, respectively. The major fatty acids of the viscera oil of I. argentinus and T. pacificus were C16 : 0, $C16\;:\;0,\;C18\;:\;1\omega9,\;C20\;:\;4\omega6,\;C20\;:\;5\omega3,\;C22\;:\;6\omega3$. In Illex argentinus, the fatty acids of NL mainly were $C16\;:\;0,\;C18\;:\;1\omega9,\;C20\;:\;4\omega6,\;C20\;:\;5\omega3,\;C22\;:\;6\omega3$. PL were $C16\;:\;1\omega7,\;C20\;:\;5\omega3,\;C22\;:\;6\omega3$ and GL were $C18\;:\;1\omega9,\;C20\;:\;5\omega3,\;22\;:\;6\omega3$. The major fatty acids of NL in T. pacificus were $C16\;:\;0,\;C18\;:\;1\omega9,\;C20\;:\;4\omega6,\;C20\;:\;5\omega3,\;C22\;:\;6\omega3$, PL were $C16\;:\;1\omega7,\;C20\;:\;5\omega3,\;C22\;:\;6\omega3$, and GL were $C18\;:\;1\omega9,\;C20\;:\;5\omega3,\;C22\;:\;6\omega3$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.214-232
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• 2001

CTA ester bonds in TG molecules were not attacked by pancreatic lipase and lipases produced by microbes such as Candida cylindracea, Chromobacterium viscosum, Geotricum candidium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizophus delemar, R. arrhizus and Mucor miehei. An aliquot of total TG of all the seed oils and each TG fraction of the oils collected from HPLC runs were deuterated prior to partial hydrolysis with Grignard reagent, because CTA molecule was destroyed with treatment of Grignard reagent. Deuterated TG (dTG) was hydrolyzed partially to a mixture of deuterated diacylglycerols (dDG), which were subsequently reacted with (S)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl isocyanate to derivatize into dDG-NEUs. Purified dDG-NEUs were resolved into 1, 3-, 1, 2- and 2, 3-dDG-NEU on silica columns in tandem of HPLC using a solvent of 0.4% propan-1-o1 (containing 2% water)-hexane. An aliquot of each dDG-NEU fraction was hydrolyzed and (fatty acid-PFB ester). These derivatives showed a diagnostic carboxylate ion, $(M-1)^{-}$, as parent peak and a minor peak at m/z 196 $(PFB-CH_{3})^{-}$ on NICI mass spectra. In the mass spectra of the fatty acid-PFB esters of dTGs derived from the seed oils of T. kilirowii and M. charantia, peaks at m/z 285, 287, 289 and 317 were observed, which corresponded to $(M-1)^{-}$ of deuterized oleic acid ($d_{2}-C_{18:0}$), linoleic acid ($d_{4}-C_{18:0}$), punicic acid ($d_{6}-C_{18:0}$) and eicosamonoenoic acid ($d_{2}-C_{20:0}$), respectively. Fatty acid compositions of deuterized total TG of each oil measured by relative intensities of $(M-1)^-$ ion peaks were similar with those of intact TG of the oils by GLC. The composition of fatty acid-PFB esters of total dTG derived from the seed oils of T. kilirowii are as follows; $C_{16:0}$, 4.6 mole % (4.8 mole %, intact TG by GLC), $C_{18:0}$, 3.0 mole % (3.1 mole %), $d_{2}C_{18:0}$, 11.9 mole % (12.5 mole %, sum of $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ and $C_{18:1{\omega}7}$), $d_{4}-C_{18:0}$, 39.3 mole % (38.9 mole %, sum of $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ and its isomer), $d_{6}-C_{18:0}$, 41.1 mole % (40.5 mole %, sum of $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$, $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13r}$ and $C_{18:3\;9t,11t,13c}$), $d_{2}-C_{20:0}$, 0.1 mole % (0.2 mole % of $C_{20:1{\omega}9}$). In total dTG derived from the seed oils of M. charantia, the fatty acid components are $C_{16:0}$, 1.5 mole % (1.8 mole %, intact TG by GLC), $C_{18:0}$, 12.0 mole % (12.3 mole %), $d_{2}-C_{18:0}$, 16.9 mole % (17.4 mole %, sum of $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$), $d_{4}-C_{18:0}$, 11.0 mole % (10.6 mole %, sum of $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$), $d_{6}-C_{18:0}$, 58.6 mole % (57.5 mole %, sum of $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$ and $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$). In the case of Aleurites fordii, $C_{16:0}$; 2.2 mole % (2.4 mole %, intact TG by GLC), $C_{18:0}$; 1.7 mole % (1.7 mole %), $d_{2}-C_{18:0}$; 5.5 mole % (5.4 mole %, sum of $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$), $d_{4}-C_{18:0}$ ; 8.3 mole % (8.5 mole %, sum of $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$), $d_{6}-C_{18:0}$; 82.0 mole % (81.2 mole %, sum of $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$ and $C_{18:3 9c,11t,13c})$. In the stereospecific analysis of fatty acid distribution in the TG species of the seed oils of T. kilirowii, $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13r}$ and $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ were mainly located at sn-2 and sn-3 position, while saturated acids were usually present at sn-1 position. And the major molecular species of $(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c})_{2}$ and $(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c})$ were predominantly composed of the stereoisomer of $sn-1-C_{18:2{\omega}6}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$, and $sn-1-C_{18:1{\omega}9}$, $sn-2-C_{18:2{\omega}6}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$, respectively, and the minor TG species of $(C_{18:2{\omega}6})_{2}(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c})$ and $ (C_{16:0})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c})_{2}$ mainly comprised the stereoisomer of $sn-1-C_{18:2{\omega}6}$, $sn-2-C_{18:2{\omega}6}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$ and $sn-1-C_{16:0}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c}$. The TG of the seed oils of Momordica charantia showed that most of CTA, $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13r}$, occurred at sn-3 position, and $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ was concentrated at sn-1 and sn-2 compared to sn-3. Main TG species of $(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$ and $(C_{18:0})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$ were consisted of the stereoisomer of $sn-1-C_{18:1{\omega}9}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$ and $sn-1-C_{18:0}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, respectively, and minor TG species of $(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c})_{2}$ and $(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13c})$ contained mostly $sn-1-C_{18:2{\omega6}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$ and $sn-1-C_{18:1{\omega}9}$, $sn-2-C_{18:2{\omega}6}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$. The TG fraction of the seed oils of Aleurites fordii was mostly occupied with simple TG species of $(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{3}$, along with minor species of $(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$, $(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$ and $(C_{16:0})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})$. The sterospecific species of $sn-1-C_{18:2{\omega}6}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, $sn-1-C_{18:1{\omega}9}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$ and $sn-1-C_{16;0}$, $sn-2-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$, $sn-3-C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$ are the main stereoisomers for the species of $(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_2$, $(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$ and $(C_{16:0})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.11
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• pp.70-77
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• 1998

Ni/SiC Schottky diodes have been fabricated using epitaxial 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC wafers. The epitaxial n-type layers were grown on $n^{+}$ substrates, with a doping density of 4.0$\times$10$^{16}$ c $m^{-3}$ and a thickness of 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Oxide-termination has been adopted in order to obtain high breakdown voltage and low leakage current. The fabricated Ni/4H-SiC and Ni/6H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes show excellent rectifying characteristics up to the measured temperature range of 55$0^{\circ}C$. In case of oxide-terminated Schottky barrier diodes, breakdown voltage of 973V(Ni/4H-SiC) and 920V(Ni/6H-SiC), and a very low leakage current of less than 1nA at -800V has been observed at room temperature. On non-terminated Schottky barrier diodes, breakdown voltages were 430V(Ni/4H-SiC) and 160v(Ni/6H-SiC). At room temperature, SBH(Schottky Barrier Height), ideality factor and specific on-resistance were 1.55eV, 1.3, 3.6$\times$10$^{-2}$ $\Omega$.$\textrm{cm}^2$ for Ni/4H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes, and 1.24eV, 1.2, 2.6$\times$10$^{-2}$$\Omega$.$\textrm{cm}^2$/ for Ni/SH-SiC Schottky barrier diodes, respectively. These results show that both Ni/4H-SiC and Ni/6H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes are very promising for high-temperature and high power applications.s..

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.100-104
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• 1967

The systems of aromatic amines such as aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-diethylaniline with iodine or iodine monochloride in carbon tetrachloride have been examined spectrophotometrically. The results indicate the formation of one to one molecular complexes. The equilibrium constants obtained at room temperature for formation of the complexes are as follows: $C_6H_5NH_2{\cdot}I_2\;2.05$, $C_6H_5N(CH_3)_2{\cdot}I_2\;15.2$, $C_6H_5N(C_2H_5)_2{\cdot}I_2\;35.5$, $C_6H_5NH_2{\cdot}ICl\;18.5$, $C_6H_5N(CH_3)_2{\cdot}ICl\;25.6$, and $C_6H_5N(C_2H_5)_2\;42.0$ l $mole^{-1}$.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.354-358
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• 2006

Polybutadiene (BR) was pyrolyzed at $540-860^{\circ}C$ and the effect of pyrolysis temperature on variations in the relative abundance of the major pyrolysis products (C4-, C5-, C6-, C7-, and C8-species) was investigated. Formation of the C4-, C5-, C6-, and C7-species competed with that of the C8-species. Relative intensity of the C8-species decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature, while that of the C5-, C6-, and C7-species increased. Pyrolysis paths were became more complicated with increasing pyrolysis temperature. We suggested the operation of double bond migration and succeeding rearrangements for the formation of the C5- and C7-species and various rearrangements, including a double bond, for the formation of the C6-species at high temperature. The activation energies for the pyrolysis product ratios of(C5+C6+C7)/C4 and C8/C4 were used to explain the competition reactions to form the pyrolysis products.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.197-206
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• 1997

A SiC epilayer on the 6H-SiC crystal substrate was grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The crystal structure of the SiC epilayer was investigated by using the X-ray diffraction patterns and the Roman scattering spectroscopy. The SiC epilayer on the 6H-SiC substrate was grown to be homoepilayer by CVD. In order to distinguish a certain SiC polytype mixed in the SiC crystal grown by the modified Lely method, we have calculated the X-ray diffraction intensities and Brags angles of the typical SiC crystal powders. By comparing the measured X-ray diffraction pattern with the calculated ones, it was identified that the SiC crystal grown by the modified Lely method was the 6H-SiC crystal mixed some 15R-SiC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.08a
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• pp.36-36
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• 2010

Low-pressure fluorocarbon plasmas are widely used in microelectronics fabrication for a variety of surface modification purposes. In particular, fluorocarbon plasmas are used for the etching of dielectrics such as silicon dioxide and silicon nitride. Among the various fluorocarbons, this study focuses on C4F6 molecules (C4F6s) which are composed of hexafluorocyclobutene (c-C4F6), hexafluoro-1, 3-butadiene (1, 3-C4F6), and hexafluoro-2-butyne (2-C4F6). We have investigated the dissociation reactions of C4F6s, resulting in CF2, CF3, C2F3, and C3F3 fragments, by using the wB97X-D functional with various basis sets. In this presentation, the geometrical properties, energetics, and dissociation mechanisms of C4F6s will be suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.219-228
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• 1996

An ab initio molecular orbital method has been applied to investigation of molecular properties and equilibrium geometries for hexahydroxybenzene triscarbonate (C9O9) and its analogous cyclic compounds (C9S9, C9O6S3, C9O3S6). In these works, the optimized geometry of each compound has been obtained at HF and MP2 levels. These results have shown that the optimized geometries of these compounds prefer D3h planar structure to C3v bowl structure. Calculations of harmonic vibrational frequencies have been also carried out at HF/3-21G* level to analyze normal modes of these compounds. Bonding characters of these compounds are studied by Mulliken and natural populations obtained at HF/6-31G* level. We have also studied the structures and the populations of C6O6 and C6S6 at HF and MP2 levels which are obtained by pyrolyses of C9O9 and analogous compounds. In addition, the single point calculations have been performed to predict the approximate energy barrier for pyrolysis of each compound.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.234-238
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to determine whether vitamin {TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} deficiency and age affect the blood cho-lesterol profile in exercising rats. Fifty four rats were fed either a viramin {TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} deficient dief(-{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX}) of a control diet(+{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX}) for 6 weeks, then subdivided into 3 groups:non-exercise group(NE), exercise and sacrifice group(ES), exercise and recuperation group(ER). ES group was exercised in treadmill({TEX}$10^{o}${/TEX}, 0.5~0.8km/h) for 2 hours and sacrifice. ER group was recuperated three days with respective diet after exercise. At week 3 and 6, and level of plasma total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL_C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL_C) were compared. In NE group, there was no difference in the levels of TC, HDL_C and LDL_C between +{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats and -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats. The plasma levels of TC and LDL_C of 6 weeks were higher than those of 3 weeks and on difference in HDL_V between 3 weeks rats and 6 weeks rats. In ES group, there was also no difference in the levels of TC, HDL_C and LDL_C between +{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats and -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats and there was no difference in TC, LDL-cholesterol between 3 weeks rats and 6 weeks rats. The level of HDL_C pf 6 weeks was lower than that of 3 weeks rats. In ER group, there was no difference in the levels of TC and LDL_C not only between +{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats and-{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats but also between 3 weeks rats and 6 weeks rats. The level of HDL_C was lower in -{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats than in +{TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} rats and higher in 6 weeks rats than in 3 weeks rats. These results suggest that vitamin {TEX}$B_{6}${/TEX} deficiency may affect the HDL_C during exercise and after recuperation. The desirable effect of exercise on plasma Cholesterol profile is strengthened in adult age than young age.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.52-57
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• 1999

The anionic complexes, [ln($C_6F_5)_4$]-, which are thermal and moisture sensitive, have been prepared by the reaction of In($C_6F_5)_3{\cdot}D(D=CH_3CN$, O($C_2H_5)_2$) with the system ($CH_3)_3SiC_6F_5$/CsF, $C_6F_5$MgBr or Cd($C_6F_5)_2$. The stable anionic indium(III) complexes are obtained through cation exchange with PNPCI ([PNP]= bis(triphenylphosphino)ammonium). The pure substance is obtained by column chromatography. These new anionic complexes are unambiguously identifed by NMR-spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, molecular weight, DTA/TG and elemental analysis.