• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.807-816
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• 2018

Threat hunting is defined as a process of proactively and iteratively searching through networks to detect and isolate advanced threats that evade existing security solutions. The main concept of threat hunting is to find out weak points and remedy them before actual cyber threat has occurred. And HMM(Hunting Maturity Matrix) is suggested to evolve hunting processes with five levels, therefore, CSOC(Cyber Security Operations Center) can refer HMM how to make them safer from complicated and organized cyber attacks. We are developing a system for cyber situation awareness system with pro-active threat hunting process called unMazeTM. With this unMaze, it can be upgraded CSOC's HMM level from initial level to basic level. CSOC with unMaze do threat hunting process not only detecting existing cyber equipment post-actively, but also proactively detecting cyber threat by fusing and analyzing cyber asset data and threat intelligence.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.786-801
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• 2012

The most essential ROC(requirement operational capability) in order to assure the effectiveness of the C4I Systems in NCW Environments is the seamless and stable interoperability between systems. The U.S. Armed Forces that perceived the importance of interoperability, prepared the framework to apply from the proposal of requirement to every step of acquisition process. The Korea Joint Chiefs of Staff is also developing a similar system in order to assure the interoperability between command control(C4I) systems. In the paper, we specify the needs of standardization of test systems and international trends on the technology, and propose an interoperability test & evaluation system based on a standardization conformity method to improve the interoperability test & evaluation for the C4I systems in NCW environments. Finally we show an example of the implementation of the test system and its application to C4I systems to verify the proposed test system.

• 산업공학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.193-204
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• 1999

Development of high technology especially in telecommunication and precise weapon systems will impact the future battle field environment. So it is not difficult to anticipate the environment of military command and control system will be changed rapidly. Considering these future battle field environment, military needs automated C4I (Command, Control, Communication, Computer and Intelligence) system, namely real time decision support system which is combined high technologies. Most of advanced countries have been studied and developed these kinds of systems and already applied these systems in real military operations. In order to take a military initiative in Korea peninsula it is essential to catch up with this trend and procure C4I system. The purpose of this research is to present the method and the direction of optimal C4I system development model. First we survey the related theory about C4I systems. Second we present the conceptual framework for C4I system concept development. Third we model the system using Timed Petri-Net and perform simulation. Finally we analyze the through-put time and suggest alternatives. If we model using the real organization structure, operational tasks and various situations then optimal C4I system would be developed.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.437-445
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• 2024

In future complex and diverse battlefield situations, the existing command system faces the challenge of delayed human judgement of strategy and low objectivity. This paper proposes an artificial intelligence model that takes situation information and course of action simulation results as input and automatically assigns scores to various evaluation elements and a comprehensive score. This tool is expected to assist the commander in making decisions, reduce the time required for making judgments, and promote impartial decision-making.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2022

Modern Battle Fields are covered with various weapon systems, such as tanks, infantry vehicles, or artillery vehilces. In such environment, it is important to take it into consideration what kind of efficient method should be developed to communicate with heterogeneous friend combat systems for the exchange of tactical information aqcuired because military operations require coordinated actions. For this purpose, we made a research on tactical information equipments such as Battlefield Management Systems(BMSs) equipped in multiple kinds of Mobile Combat Vehicles(MCVs). The exchange of tactical information could be divieded into separate domains, such as connectivity, messages, and recognition processes by operators. In this article, we will deal with wireless radio connectivity, KVMF messages, and User Interfaces showing shared data.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.73-94
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• 2009

The general aspects for the future warfare shows that the concept of firepower and maneuver centric warfare has been replacing with that of information and knowledge centric warfare. Thus, some developed countries are now trying to establish the information systems to perform intelligent warfare and innovate defense operations. The C4I(Command, Control, Communication, Computers and Intelligence for the Warrior) systems make it possible to do modern and systematic war operations. The basic idea of this study is to investigate how TAM(Technology Acceptance Model) can explain the acceptance behavior in military organizations. Because TAM is inadequate in explaining the acceptance processes forcomplex technologies and strict organizations, a revised research model based upon TAM was developed in order to assess the usage of the C4I system. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting the usage of C4I in the Korean Army. The research model, based upon TAM, was extended through a belief construct such as self-efficacy as one of mediating variables. The self-efficacy has been used as a mediating variable for technology acceptance, and the variable was included in the research model. The external variables were selected on the basis of previous research. The external variables can be classified into following: 1) technological, 2) organizational, and 3) environmental factors on the basis of TOE(Technology-Organization-Environment) framework. The technological factor includes the information quality and the task-technology fitness. The organizational factor includes the influence of senior colleagues. The environmental factor includes the education/train data. The external variables are considered very important for explaining the behavior patterns of information technology or systems. A structured questionnaire was developed and administrated to those who were using the C4I system. Total 329 data were used for statistical data analyses. A confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation model were used as main statistical methods. Model fitness Indexes for measurement and structured models were verified before all 18 hypotheses were tested. This study shows that the perceived usefulness and the self-efficacy played their roles more than the perceived ease of use did in TAM. In military organizations, the perceived usefulness showed its mediating effects between external variables and dependent variable, but the perceived ease of use did not. These results imply that the perceived usefulness can explain the acceptance processes better than the perceived ease of use in the army. The self-efficacy was also used as one of the three mediating variables, and showed its mediating effects in explaining the acceptance processes. Such results also show that the self-efficacy can be selected as one possible belief construct in TAM. The perceived usefulness was influenced by such factors as senior colleagues, the information quality, and the task-technology fitness. The self-efficacy was affected by education/train and task-technology fitness. The actual usage of C4I was influenced not by the perceived ease of use but by the perceived usefulness and selfefficacy. This study suggests the followings: (1) An extended TAM can be applied to such strict organizations as the army; (2) Three mediation variables are included in the research model and tested at real situations; and (3) Several other implications are discussed.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.757-765
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• 2021

2018년 미 국방부 국가안보전략에 포함된 다영역작전 수행을 위해서는 C4I 체계 간의 적시적인 데이터 공유가 선행되어야 가능하다는 것을 인식하고 문제 해결을 위해 노력하고 있다. 한국군도 수 차례 연구를 통해 C4I 체계간 데이터 연동과 표준화에 대한 문제가 제기 되었고, 이를 해결하기 위한 새로운 방안의 수립이 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 미국방성이 2003년 데이터 전략 수립 후 이를 구현하기 위해 약 20여 년간 추진해온 사례 분석을 통해 문제 해결 방안을 도출하고, 한국군 C4I체계 운용환경에 적합한 데이터 전략 수립, 데이터 모델 개발, 데이터 공유를 위한 표준 선정, 그리고 공유 데이터 개발 절차를 제안함으로써, 한국군 C4I체계간 데이터 공유 능력을 향상시키고자 한다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2020

최근 4차 산업혁명 기술은 기술발전을 통해 일상생활을 크게 바꾸고 있을 뿐 아니라 국방정책 수립에 있어서도 주요 키워드가 되어 가고 있다. 특히 ICBMS라 불리는 사물인터넷, 클라우드, 빅데이터, 모바일, 사이버보안 기술은 인공지능과 더불어 국방정보화정책의 핵심선도기술로 선정되었다. 4차 산업혁명 기술의 중요성이 증대되는 가운데 현재 KJCCS, ATCIS, KNCCS, AFCCS 등 합참 및 각 군 기능별로 분리 운용되고 있는 C4I체계를 미래전에 대비하는 하나의 체계로 개발하기 위한 연구가 추진되고 있다. 이는 C4I체계를 각 도메인별로 운용함에 따라 정보교환 등 합동작전을 위한 상호운용성이 저하되는 문제를 해소하기 위함이다. 또한 각종 무기체계들이 초연결 및 초지능화 체계로 개발이 추진되고 있어 이들을 효율적으로 통제하고 안전하게 운용하기 위해 통합C4I체계 구축과 미군의 RMF(Risk Management Framework) 같은 체계의 도입이 필수적이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 빅데이터/클라우드 기반의 미래 C4I체계의 사이버위협 지능화 탐지 및 사용자 정보 접근권한 관리, 사이버위협의 지능화 관리 및 가시화 방안을 제시한다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2010

최근, NCW에 적합한 C4I 체계의 전투력 상승효과 평가의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 기존의연구는 체계 자체에 중점을 두었으며, 인적 요소를 중요한 요소로 고려하지 않았다. 따라서, C4I 체계의 전투력 상승효과 평가 시 기술 및 인적 요소를 고려하여 평가하는 것이 필요한 시점이라고 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 E-TechMan(A Combat Effectiveness Evaluation Algorithm Considering Technical and Human Factors in C4I System)이라 불리는 전투력 상승효과 평가 알고리즘을 제안한다. E-TechMan 알고리즘은 합동화력체계(Joint Fire Operating System-Korea)에 적용되어 전투력 상승효과를 평가해보았다. 또한, 기존의 연구방법인 C2 이론 및 고전 역학에 의한 결과와 비교를 하였다. 본 연구는 인적요소에 의한 영향을 반영함으로써 기존의 연구보다 현실적인 전투력 상승효과 결과를 제시했다는데 가치가 있다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.1080-1090
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• 2010

A study for improvement of credibility on test & evaluation result of interoperability in battle management information system which focused in C4I systems is very essential in rapid change of battle field environment. Realization of effective operation process with integration of developed IT also core factor for reducing of operational response time such as information gathering from sensor to shooter, time for commander's decision making. Therefore, by required to meet of high technical T&E, meet of complex software's user requirement, long-term system development period, system integration ability's request by various linkage of systems, it is high a M&S dependency to optimal performance, interpoerability's guarantee. Especially credibility on test & evaluation using M&S is very important. This paper will propse a VV&A applied methods using other VV&A case to improve credibility of M&S on test & evaluation.