• 제목/요약/키워드: C2+ products

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마키베리 추출물이 정상 설치류의 혈중지질과 간기능에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Maqui Berry Extract on Blood Lipids and Liver Function in Normal Rodents)

  • 황미선;이주희;김인주;김태희;김강민
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제30권9호
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    • pp.791-797
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    • 2020
  • 마키베리는 슈퍼푸드 중 하나로 현대인의 건강 증진에 도움이 되는 것으로 알려져있다. 본 연구에서는 마키베리 추출물이 성장기 정상 설치류에 미치는 영향을 탐색하기 위하여 2주간의 음용 후 혈액 구성 세포, 혈중 지질 등 생체변화를 측정하였다. 또한, 천연식물 소재의 위해성 여부 확인을 위해 혈액에서 확인 가능한 간과 신장 기능에 대한 생체 지표 변화도 측정하였다. 10주령 웅성 SD rat에 마키베리 추출물을 음용시킨 결과 혈중 지질 수준 변화에 있어서는 마키베리 음용군이 대조군에 비해 약 30%의 중성지질 수준 감소와 함께 약 18%의 고밀도지단백-콜레스테롤 수준 증가를 보임으로써 혈중지질 수준의 개선 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 확인하였으며 적혈구 수준이 대조군 대비 약 10% 증가하였고 통계적 유의성은 없으나 헤모글로빈 또한 증가하는 경향을 보였고 적혈구 용적 비율 또한 약 12% 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 마키베리 음용으로 인해 혈청 단백질이 대조군에 비해 약 30% 증가되는 것으로 확인되었고 마키베리 음용 후의 간손상에 대한 생체지표를 확인한 결과 GOT와 GPT 모두 대조군에 비해 약 12%의 감소가 확인되어 간기능 개선 효과에 대한 가능성을 보여주었다. 따라서 마키베리 음용은 혈액세포의 생성촉진과 함께 혈중지질개선, 간기능 개선 등 다양한 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 보여지며 향후 기능성 식의약품 소재 또는 제품개발을 통한 고부가가치 창출 등 산업적으로의 활용 가치가 매우 높을 것이라 사료된다.

An evaluation of heat on protein oxidation of soy protein isolate or soy protein isolate mixed with soybean oil in vitro and its consequences on redox status of broilers at early age

  • Zhang, Xianglun;Lu, Peng;Xue, Wenyue;Wu, Dawei;Wen, Chao;Zhou, Yanmin
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제30권8호
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    • pp.1135-1142
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    • 2017
  • Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of heat treatment and soybean oil inclusion on protein oxidation of soy protein isolate (SPI) and of oxidized protein on redox status of broilers at an early age. Methods: SPI mixed with soybean oil (SPIO) heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 8 h was used to evaluate protein oxidation of SPI. A total of two hundred and sixteen 1-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates of 12 birds, receiving basal diet (CON), heat-oxidized SPI diet (HSPI) or mixture of SPI and 2% soybean oil diet (HSPIO) for 21 d, respectively. Results: Increased protein carbonyl, decreased protein sulfhydryl of SPI were observed as heating time increased in all treatments (p<0.05). Addition of 2% soybean oil increased protein carbonyl of SPI at 8 h heating (p<0.05). Dietary HSPI and HSPIO decreased the average daily gain of broilers as compared with the CON (p<0.05). Broilers fed HSPI and HSPIO exhibited decreased glutathione (GSH) in serum, catalase activity and total sulfhydryl in liver and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl in serum, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in liver and protein carbonyl in jejunal mucosa as compared with that of the CON (p<0.05). Additionally, broilers receiving HSPIO showed decreased glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px) in serum, GSH and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity in liver, GSH-Px activity in duodenal mucosa, GSH-Px activity and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity in jejunal mucosa and increased AOPPs in serum, MDA and protein carbonyl in liver, MDA and AOPPs in jejunal mucosa (p<0.05). Conclusion: Protein oxidation of SPI can be induced by heat and soybean oil and oxidized protein resulted in redox imbalance in broilers at an early age.

Evaluation of the Genetic Toxicity of Synthetic Chemicals (XI) - a Synthetic Sulfonylurea Herbicide, Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl-

  • Ryu, Jae-Chun;Kim, Eun-Young;Kim, Young-Seok;Yun, Hye-Jung
    • 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 2004
  • To validate and to estimate the chemical hazard playa very important role to environment and human health. The detection of many synthetic chemicals including agrochemicals that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl [Ethyl-5-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylate, $C_{14}H_{18}N{6}O_{7}S,$ M.W. =414.39, CAS No. 93697-74-6], is one of well known rice herbicide belong in the sulfonyl urea group. To clarify the genotoxicity of this agrochemical, Ames bacterial reversion assay, in vitro chromosomal aberration assay with Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast and bone marrow micronucleus assay in mice were subjected. In Ames assay, although pyrazosulfuron-ethyl revealed cytotoxic at 5,000-140 $\mug/plate$ in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, no dose-dependent mutagenic potential in 4.4~70 $\mug/plate$ of S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA1535 and TA 1537 both in the absence and presence of S-9 metabolic activation system was observed. Using CHL fibroblasts, the 50% cell growth inhibition concentration $(IC_{50})$ of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl was determined as 1,243 $\mug/mL,$ and no chromosomal aberration was observed both in the absence and presence of S-9 mixture in the concentration range of 311-1,243 $\mug/mL.$ And also, in vivo micronucleus assay using mouse bone marrow, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl revealed no remarkable induction of MNPCE (micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes/1000 polychromatic erythrocytes) in the dose range of 625-2,500 mg/kg body weight when administered orally. Consequently, Ames bacterial gene mutation with Salmonella typhimurium, in vitro chromosome aberration with mammalian cells and in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay revealed no clastogenic potential of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl in this study.

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화장품(에멀젼형)에서 Pseudomonas aeruginosa의 성장과 방부살균제효과 (Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cosmetics(Emulsion-type) and the Effect of Antiseptics)

  • 류미숙;김장규김남기
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.118-125
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    • 1992
  • 1.에멀젼형 화장품시료의 오염정도는 P. aeruginosa의 증식을 촉진하는 fatty acids, waxs, oils, steroids 등의 유기물에 의존하였다. 2. 오염의 결과, 물성의 변화로서 화장품시료의 pH가 40일 경과시 7.6에서 6.0으로 변화되었다. P. aeruginosa의 영양원으로서는 상대적으로 낮은 굴절률을 갖는 물질들이 소모되어 화장품시료(물:오일=70:30)의 굴절률이 1.4430에서 1.4530으로 변화 되었다. 3. 오염이 진행되는 동안 화장품시료의 相의 안정서이 파괴되었으며, 약간의 변색, 변취와 함께 creaming 및 응집현상이 나타났다. 4. P. aeruginosa의 최적증식조건인 pH7.0, 온도$20^{\circ}C$에서, 물과 오일의 부피비에 의한 균증식은 70:30, 80:20, 30:70, 90:10, 50:50의 순서로 되었다. 5. 방부살균제를 첨가하여 challenge test를 한 결과, P. aeruginosa의 증식이 억제되었으며 40일 경과시 균수는 방부살균제를 첨가하지 않은 경우 $10^8$개/ml에서 p-hydroxy benzoic acid propyl ester + phosphoric acid buffer solution첨가로 $5{\times}10^3$ 개/ml로 감소되었다. 6. 시험균주인 P. aeruginosa에 대한 항균력은 p-hydroxy benzoic acid propyl ester + phosphoric acid buffer solution>p-hydroxy benzoic acid buthyl ester + acetic acid buffer solution>p-hydroxy benzoic acid methyl ester + phosphoric acid buffer solution>p-hydroxy benzoic acid methyl ester + p-hydroxy benzoic acid propyl ester>p-hydroxy benzoic acid buthyl ester + potassium chloride sodium hydroxide buffer solution>p-hydroxy benzoic acid buthyl ester + p-hydroxy benzoic acid propyl ester>p-hydroxy benzoic acid methyl ester + acetic acid vbuffer solution>acetic acid buffer solution _ potassium chloride sodium hydroxide buffer solution의 순으로 우수하였으며 pH, 농도, 균수등은 양호한 수준을 유지하였다.

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Mitochondrial DNA analysis of ancient human bones excavated from Nukdo island, S.Korea

  • Kim, Ae-Jin;Kim, Ki-Jeong;Choi, Jee-Hye;Choi, Eun-Ha;Jung, Yu-Jin;Min, Na-Young;Lkhagvasuren, Gavaachimed;Rhee, Sang-Myung;Kim, Jae-Hyun;Noh, Maeng-Seok;Park, Ae-Ja;Kim, Kyung-Yong;Kang, Yoon-Sung;Lee, Kwang-Ho;Kim, Keun-Cheol
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제43권2호
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2010
  • We have performed analyses using ancient DNA extracted from 25 excavated human bones, estimating around the 1st century B.C. Ancient human bones were obtained from Nukdo Island, which is located off of the Korean peninsula of East Asia. We made concerted efforts to extract ancient DNA of high quality and to obtain reproducible PCR products, as this was a primary consideration for this extensive kind of undertaking. We performed PCR amplifications for several regions of the mitochondrial DNA, and could determine mitochondrial haplogroups for 21 ancient DNA samples. Genetic information from mitochondrial DNA belonged to super-haplogroup M, haplogroup D or its sub-haplogroups (D4 or D4b), which are distinctively found in East Asians, including Koreans or Japanese. The dendrogram and principal component analysis based on haplogroup frequencies revealed that the Nukdo population was close to those of the East Asians and clearly distinguished from populations shown in the other regions. Considering that Nukdo is geologically isolated in the southern part of the Korean peninsula and is a site of commercial importance with neighboring countries, these results may reflect genetic continuity for the habitation and migration of ethnic groups who had lived in a particular area in the past. Therefore, we suggest that phylogenetic analyses of ancient DNA have significant advantages for clarifying the origins and migrations of ethnic groups, or human races.

실 규모 태양열 집열판 제작을 위한 구리 및 알루미늄 기판에의 태양광 선택흡수박막 전착;Pulse Current Electrolysis 적용 (Application of Pulse Current Electrolysis to the Large Scale of Copper and Aluminium Substrates for Solar Selective Coatings on Solar Collectors)

  • 이태규;김동형;김형택;여운택
    • 에너지공학
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.108-114
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    • 1996
  • 태양열 집열판의 효율을 증대시키기 위하여는 집열판에 조사되는 태양광의 흡수율을 높이고 복사에 의한 열손실을 감소시키는 선택적 박막을 집열판에 입히는 것이 중요한 인자이다. 본 실험에서는 이와같은 광학적 특성을 지니게 하고 동시에 전류효율이 우수한 pulsecurrent 전해법을 도입하여 실제 실용화 규모인 230 cm$\times$60 크기의 대형 기판에 선택흡수박막의 전착을 실시하였다. 도금액의 조성은 크롬산 280 g/$\ell$, propionic acid 15g/$\ell$, 그리고 제 2첨가제10g/$\ell$이었으며, 도금 대상기판으로는 구리와 알루미늄이 사용되었다. 구리 기판의 경우에는 선택흡수박막의 흡수율이 약 0.98이고 복사율은 약 0.17의 광학적 성질을 보였으며, 30$0^{\circ}C$공기 중에서 24시간동안 열처리 후에도 광학적 우수성을 지니고 있어 상품적 가치가 매우 우수하다고 판단되었다. 알루미늄 기판의 경우에는 흡수율이 약 0.97, 복사율이 0.15로서 광학적 성질은 구리 기판에 비해 다소 떨어지지만, 열전도도와 경제성을 고려하면 상품적 가치가 충분하다고 생각된다. 또한 이와 같은 대형기판을 적용하여 안정된 태양광 선택흡수박막의 성공적 제조로 공정의 단순화 및 대량생산 기술을 확보하였으며, 상용화에 돌입하게 되었다.

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인삼의 GAP (우수농산물인증) 관련요소 분석 (Analysis of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer)

  • 유용만;오세찬;성봉재;김현호;윤영남
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.220-226
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    • 2007
  • 우리나라 인삼의 대표적 재배지인 금산군에서 GAP인삼 생산을 희망하는 10농가를 선발하여, GAP인삼의 안전성에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 농약 및 중금속의 잔류 그리고 미생물 등의 위해요소가 오염되었는지 여부를 검토하였다. 검토 대상은 경작되고 있는 인삼을 비롯하여 인삼밭의 토양, 수질 등 3종류로 하였다. 토양에서의 농약잔류를 검사한 결과, 인삼농가 및 일반농가 토양에서 자주 사용되는 Carbendazim등 81개의 농약을 선발하여 분석하였으나, 인삼에 등록된 농약별 최대잔류허용수준을 초과하지 않고 모두 적합판정의 결과로 나타났다. 또한 인삼재배 토양에 중금속의 오염우려가 되는 비소 등8종류의 조사 하였으나 기준치 보다 적게나와 전부 적합 판정을 받았다. 한편 관개수 및 농약희석 살포 등으로 사용되는 수질을 조사한 결과도 조사된 10농가가 모두 안전하였다. 참여농가 밭에서 직접 채취한 인삼에서 24종의 농약을 분석한 결과도 적합 판정으로 나타났다. 조사농가 수삼에 존재하는 위해성 미생물 검사에서 Pantoea spp등 2종의 Gram 음성균과 1종의 그람양성균(Staphylococcus sciuri)이 동정되었으며, 일반세균 수는 $1.5{\times}10^3$ cfu/ml 로 다른 농산물보다 적은 수로 발견되었다. 따라서 이번 조사한 금산 지역에서는 GAP 인산재배 생산에 적합한 토양, 수질을 보였으며, 기존 생산한 인삼에서도 GAP 농산물 생산 기준에 적합하였다.

Development and Characterization of an Anti-Acne Gel Containing Siamese Crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) Leukocyte Extract

  • Phupiewkham, Weeraya;Lu, Qiumin;Payoungkiattikun, Wisarut;Temsiripong, Threeranan;Jangpromma, Nisachon;Lai, Ren;Klaynongsruang, Sompong
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.707-717
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    • 2018
  • Leukocytes are reportedly the first line of the innate immune defense and essential for the control of common bacterial infections. Therefore, in this work, the antibacterial activity of crocodile leukocyte extract against Propionibacterium acnes was evaluated, and we also characterized the related activity of skin infection. The leukocyte extract showed the minimum inhibitory concentration to be $100{\mu}g/ml$ to P. acnes. SEM imaging demonstrated that the leukocyte extract adversely affected P. acnes cell permeability in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the crocodile leukocyte extract could significantly reduce proinflammatory markers and decrease inflammatory signs in infected mouse ears. The crude leukocyte extract was further purified using FPLC and RP-HPLC. The resulting fraction F5 was indicated as the anti-acne peptide-containing fraction. The molecular mass of the peptide contained in F5 was calculated to be 4,790.5 Da. N-Terminal sequencing revealed the amino acid sequence as GPEPVPAIYQ, which displays similarities to immunoglobulin A and leucine-rich repeat neuronal protein. This is the first reported amino acid sequence of a crocodile leukocyte extract that possesses anti-acne activity. To attempt to use it in a prototype cosmetic, an anti-acne gel containing crude crocodile leukocyte extract was formulated, resulting in seven gel formulations (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, and G7). The formulations G5, G6, and G7 exhibited 2-fold higher anti-acne activity than G1-G4. Investigation of accelerating stability studies of anti-acne gel formulations G5, G6, and G7 demonstrated that a low storage temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) is suitable for maintaining the physical properties and biological activity of the anti-acne gel products.

Past and Future Regional Climate Change in Korea

  • Kwon, Won-Tae;Park, Youngeun;Min, Seung-Ki;Oh, Jai-Ho
    • 한국제4기학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.161-161
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    • 2003
  • During the last century, most scientific questions related to climate change were focused on the evidence of anthropogenic global warming (IPCC, 2001). There are robust evidences of warming and also human-induced climate change. We now understand the global, mean change a little bit better; however, the uncertainties for regional climate change still remains large. The purpose of this study is to understand the past climate change over Korea based on the observational data and to project future regional climate change over East Asia using ECHAM4/HOPE model and MM5 for downscaling. There are significant evidences on regional climate change in Korea, from several variables. The mean annual temperature over Korea has increased about 1.5∼$1.7^{\circ}C$ during the 20th century, including urbanization effect in large cities which can account for 20-30% of warming in the second half of the 20th century. Cold extreme temperature events occurred less frequently especially in the late 20th century, while hot extreme temperature events were more common than earlier in the century. The seasonal and annual precipitation was analyzed to examine long-term trend on precipitation intensity and extreme events. The number of rainy days shows a significant negative trend, which is more evident in summer and fall. Annual precipitation amount tends to increase slightly during the same period. This suggests an increase of precipitation intensity in this area. These changes may influence on growing seasons, floods and droughts, diseases and insects, marketing of seasonal products, energy consumption, and socio-economic sectors. The Korean Peninsular is located at the eastern coast of the largest continent on the earth withmeso-scale mountainous complex topography and itspopulation density is very high. And most people want to hear what will happen in their back yards. It is necessary to produce climate change scenario to fit forhigh-resolution (in meteorological sense, but low-resolution in socio-economic sense) impact assessment. We produced one hundred-year, high-resolution (∼27 km), regional climate change scenario with MM5 and recognized some obstacles to be used in application. The boundary conditions were provided from the 240-year simulation using the ECHAM4/HOPE-G model with SRES A2 scenario. Both observation and simulation data will compose past and future regional climate change scenario over Korea.

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HPLC-UVD/MS를 이용한 농산물 중 bentazone의 분석법 확립 (Analytical Method of Bentazone Residue in Agricultural Commodities Using HPLC-UVD/MS)

  • 김영학;이수진;송이슬;황영선;이영득;정명근
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.149-159
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    • 2011
  • HPLC-UVD/MS를 이용하여 농산물 중 benzothiadiazole계 선택적 접촉 제초제인 bentazone의 잔류분석법을 확립하였다. 농산물 시료에 인산용액으로 pH를 1로 조절한 acetone을 가하여 추출하였고, bentazone의 잔류분은 dichloromethane 액-액 분배법과 florisil 흡착크로마토그래피법으로 정제하여 분석대상 시료로 하였다. Bentazone의 정량적 분석을 위한 최적 HPLC 분석 조건을 확립하였고, $C_{18}$ 칼럼을 이용한 HPLC 분석 시 불순물의 간섭은 없었으며, 대표 농산물 중 bentazonc의 분석정량한계(LOQ)은 0.02 mg/kg 이었다. 전체 농산물에 대해 정량한계, 정량한계의 10배 및 50배 수준에서 회수율을 검토한 결과 모든 처리 농도에서 82.0~97.9% 수준을 나타내었으며, 농산물 시료 및 처리수준에 관계없이 10%미만의 분석오차를 나타내어 잔류분석 기준이내를 만족하였다. 본 연구에서 확립한 benzothiadiazole계 제초제인 bentazone의 잔류분석법은 검출한계, 회수율 및 분석오차 면에서 국제적 분석기준을 만족할 뿐만 아니라, LC/MS SIM을 이용한 잔류분의 재확인과정 및 회수율 검증의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 분석과정의 편이성 및 신뢰성이 확보된 공정분석법으로 사용이 가능 할 것으로 판단된다.