• 한국어류학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-40
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• 1993

1988년부터 1993년까지 우리나라의 연안에 서식하고 있는 돛양태과(科) 어류의 많은 표본을 대상으로 하여 각 종(種)들의 새로운 분류(分類) 검색표(檢索表)를 작성하고 이들의 분류학적(分類學的) 위치(位置)를 재검토(再檢討)하였다. 그 결과 한국산(韓國産) 돛양태과(科) 어류로는 모두 4속(屬) 14종(種)로 확인되었는데 민양태속(屬) Eleucherochir에는 민양태 E. mirabilis 1종(種)이, 꽁지양태속(屬) Calliurichthys에는 꽁치양태 C. japonicus, 1종(種), 도화양태속(屬) Synchiropus에는 도화양태 S. altivelis 1종(種)이, 돛양태속(屬) Repomucenus에 춤양태 R. huguenini, 동갈양태 R. curvicornis, 강주걱양태 R. olidus, 참주걱양태 R. sagitta, 흰점양태 R. leucopoecilus, 참돛양태 R. koreanus, 돛양태 R. lunatus, 실양태 R. valenciennei, 날돛양태 R. beniteguri, 꽃돛양태 R. ornatipinnis 그리고 Repomucenus sp. 등 11종(種)이다. 특히 Repomucenus sp.가 서해에서 확인되었는데 이것은 제1등지느러미의 가시 길이와 꼬리지느러미식, 등지느러미의 첫번째 연조길이와 마지막 연조길이 등의 특징에서 이와 유사종(類似種)과는 현저히 다르게 나타났다. 우리나라에서 지금까지 기재(記載) 보고(報告)되었던 종(種)중에서 Callionymus kitaharai와 C. doryssus는 동일종(同一種)으로서 R. huguenini의 synonym에 해당되었고, 그 외에도 C. flagiris는 R. valenciennei에, Callionymus richardsoni는 Repomucenus curvicornis에, Callionymus japonicus는 Calliurichthys japonicus에, Callionymus altivelis는 Synchiropus altivelis로, Draculo mirabilis는 Eleucherochir mirabilis로, Callionymus lunatus는 Repomucenus lunatus로 전속(轉屬) 또는 학명(學名) 기재(記載)가 정정(訂正)되었다. 우리나라에서 주로 남해(南海)에 많이 분포하고 있는 종(種)는 S. altivelis, Calliurichthys japonicus, Repomucenus lunatus, R. curvicornis, R. huguenini, R. valenciennei 등이고, 그 외 종(種)는 대부분 서해(西海)에 다량 분포(分布)하고 있었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2002

A self-microemulsifying drug delivery system(SMEDDS) composed of Cremophor $EL^{\circledR},\;Labrasol^{circledR}$, and Lauroglycol $FCC^{circledR}$ was prepared for the enhancement of solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of ibuprofen(IBP), which is water-insoluble but soluble in oils and surfactants. Phase diagram with various regions including microemulsion area was depicted. The SMEDDS was encapsulated in soft gelatin capsules and their dissolution characteristics in various media were observed in comparison to the generic products commercially available in the market. Soft capsules of SMEDDS formulation showed better dissolution profiles, especially in acidic condition, than the others. For the period of 1 hr dissolution in pH 1.2 medium, it reached over 70% dissolution from soft capsules, compared to less than 40% dissolution from commercial reference tablets. On the other hand, in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained after oral administrations of different IBP preparations to Sprague Dawley rats. SMEDDS formulation showed higher $C_{max}$ and greater $AUC_{0-5hr}$ than the suspension of reference tablet or IBP powder. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that a newly developed soft capsules employing SMEDDS provides an alternative preparation to improve oral bioavailability of IBP.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2004

연구로 1,2호기 해체과정에서 발생되는 많은 양의 철재폐기물 중 자체처분대상 철재폐기물을 대상으로 재활용하는 경우에 대해서 피폭방사선량을 평가하고, 규제해제농도기준(안)을 도출하였다. 평가도구는 RESRAD-RECYCLE ver 3.06을 이용하여 ICRP60에서 제시하고 있는 유효선량 개념에 근거한 내부피폭 선량환산인자를 수정하였고, IAEA Safety Series 111-P-1.1 및 NUREG-1640을 적용하여 예상되는 최대개인선량 및 집단선량을 평가하였다. 0.4 Bq/g의 철재폐기물에 대한 RESRAD-RECYCLE 전산코드의 평가결과 개인최대선량 및 집단선량은 23.9 $\mu$Sv/y, 0.11 man$.$Sv/y이다. 최종적인 핵종별 규제해제농도기준은 일반평가방법과 세부평가결과를 종합하여 가장 보수적인 평가결과를 추출하여 결정하였다. 그 결과 $Co^{60}$, C $s^{137}$ 핵종에 대한 규제해제농도준위는 1.14${\times}$$10^{-1}$ Bq/g미만이 되어야 국내 원자력법에서 정하고 있는 처분제한치(최대개인선량 : 10 $\mu$Sv/y, 집단선량 : 1 man$.$Sv/y)를 만족할 수 있다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.29-53
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• 1992

1989년부터 1992년 5월까지 우리나라 서남연안에서 채집된 한국산 민어과 Sciaenidae 어류의 분류학적 위치를 재검토하였다. 지금까지 한국산 민어과 어류는 5속(屬) 13종(種)으로 보고되어 왔으나 조사 결과 강달이속(屬) Collichthys에는 황갈달이 C. lucidus와 눈강달이 C. niveatus, 조기속(屬) Pesudosciae-na에는 부세 P. crocea와 참조기 P. polyactis, 수조기속(屬) Nibea에는 수조기 N. albiflora, 동갈민어 N. mitsukurii, 그리고 꼬마민어 N. diacanthus, 민태속(屬) Johnius에는 민태 J. grypotus, 민어속(屬) Miichthys에는 민어 M. miiuy, 백조기속(屬) Argyrosomus에는 보구치 A. argentatus, 흑조기속(屬) Atrobucca에는 흑조기 A. nibe, 라강달이속(屬) Larimichthys에는 라강달이 L. rathbunae 등 모두 8속(屬) 12종(種)으로 분류되었다. 우리나라에서 지금까지 보고되었던 종(種) 중에서 Peseudosciaena manchurica는 P. polyactis로, Nibea goma는 N. diacanthus로, Johnius belengerii는 J. grypotus로, Nibea imbricatus는 Miichthys miiuy로, Nibea argentatus는 Argyrosomus argentatus로, Nibea nibe는 Atrobucca nibe로 확인되어 모두 12종(種) 중 6종(種)의 학명이 재정리되었다. 또한 지금까지 Collichthys속(屬) 중에서 우리나라에서 가장 많이 출현한다는 C. fragilis는 C. lucidus와 동일종(種)으로 확인되었다. 아울러 이들 종(種)들의 각종 분류학적 주요 형질을 중심으로 하여 한국산 민어과 어류의 속(屬), 종(種) 검색표(檢索表)를 작성하였고, 각종(各種)들의 형태적 특징 및 계수 계측 형질을 기재하면서 한국산 민어과 어류의 분류학적 위치를 재검토하고 이들의 지리적 분포에 대하여 논의하였다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2020

This research is a case study of underwater object tracking based on real-time recurrent regression networks (Re³). Re³ has the concept of generic object tracking. Because of these characteristics, it is very effective to apply this model to unclear underwater sonar images. The model also an pursues object tracking method, thus it solves the problem of calculating load that may be limited when object detection models are used, unlike the tracking models. The model is also highly intuitive, so it has excellent continuity of tracking even if the object being tracked temporarily becomes partially occluded or faded. There are 4 types of the dataset using multi-beam sonar images: including (a) dummy object floated at the testbed; (b) dummy object settled at the bottom of the sea; (c) tire object settled at the bottom of the testbed; (d) multi-objects settled at the bottom of the testbed. For this study, the experiments were conducted to obtain underwater sonar images from the sea and underwater testbed, and the validity of using noisy underwater sonar images was tested to be able to track objects robustly.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 1998

Lovastatin is a lipid lowering agent for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and belongs to a new class of pharmacologic compounds called the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors. By competitively inhibiting HMG CoA reductase, lovastatin disrupts the biosynthesis of cholesterol in hepatic and peripheral cells and increases the synthesis of high-density-lipoprotein HDL) receptors. Following oral administration, the lactone ring of lovastatin is hydrolysed to the active inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase, lovastatin acid. Lovastatin is known to have poor oral absorption and wide individual variation. In this study, bioequivalence test of two lovastatin formulations, the test drug ($Lovaload^{TM}$, Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Co.) and the reference drug ($Mevacor^{TM}$, Chung Wae Pharmaceutical Co.) were conducted according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). A total of 18 healthy male volunteers, $31.90\pm3.60$ years old and $72.17\;7.88$ kg of body weight in average, were evaluated in a randomized crossover manner with a 2-week washout period. Concentrations of lovastatin acid in plasma were measured upto 12 hours following a single oral administration of eight tablets (20 mg of lovastatin per tablet) by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection at 238 nm. The area under the concentration-vs-time curve from 0 to 12 hours $(AUC_{0-12h})$ was calculated by the trapezoidal summation method. The statistical analysis showed that there are no significant differences in $AUC_{0-12h),\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between the two formulations ($6.72\%,\;1.52\%,\;and\;0.88\$, respectively). The least significant differences between the formulations at $\alpha$=0.05 were less than $20\%\;(11.65\%,\;19.73\%,\;and\;14.81\%\;for\;AUC_{0-12h},\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$, respectively). The $90\%$ confidence intervals for these parameters were also within $\pm20\%\;(-1.50{\leq}{\delta}{\leq}15.00$, $-12.50{\leq}{\delta}{\leq}15.50,\;and\;-9.64{\leq}{\delta]{\leq}11.40{\leq}\;for\;\;AUC_{0-12h}$ ,$C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$, respectively). In conclusion, the new generic product $Lovaload^{TM}$ was proven to be bioequivalent with the reference drug.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.230-243
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• 1984

1983년 7월과 11월, 2차례에 걸친 대한해협에서의 자치어의 분포를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대한해협에서 채집된 자치어표본중에서 과, 속 또는 종의 계급까지 동정되어진 것은 27과 37속 38종이었다. 2. 어종별로 가장 많이 출현한 종은 E. japonica ($88.6\%$)였으며, 이어서 Diaphus sp.($1.7\%$), Gobiidae sp.($1.3\%$), Bothus sp.($0.7\%$)의 순이었다. 3. 계절별 수층별 출현경향을 보면, 여름철에는 표층에서 10종 2,397미, 중증에서 17종 895미였으며, 가을철에는 표층에서 7종 23미, 중층에서 26종 214미가 채집되어 표층보다. 중층에서 종이 다양한 경향이 있으며 특히 가을철의 중층은 가장 다양한 종조성을 나타내었다. 4. 계절별 우점종으로서는, 여름철에는 E. japonica, Gobiidae sp., T. lepturus 순으로 많이 출현하였으며, 가을철에는 Diaphus sp., E. japonica, Bothus sp., Ophichthidae sp. 순으로 나타났다. 5. 우점종의 계절별, 수층별 체장조성을 보면 E. japonica, Diaphus sp.는 여름철과 가을철에 걸쳐 계속 출현하였으며 계절별로는 뚜렷한 체장범위의 차이는 없으나 대개 표층에서보다 중층에서 조금 큰 체장범위의 개체들이 출현하는 경향을 나타내었다. 6. E. japonica는 비교적 넓은 수온, 염분범위에서 출현하였으며, 여름철 표층에서 수온 $20{\sim}24^{\circ}C$, 염분농도 $31{\sim}33\%0$ 범위에서 가장 많이 출현하였고, 가을철 중층에서는 큰 japonica, Diaphus sp., Bothus sp., Ophichthidae sp.가 모두 $18{\sim}23^{\circ}C$의 수온범위와 $32.5{\sim}34.3\%0$의 염분농도범위에서 출현하고 있었으나 그중 Ophichthidae sp.가 가장 고온, 고염 해역에서 분포하고 있었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2010

The genus Rosenvingea is well known in the tropics. Four species have been reported from Pacific Mexico: R. floridana, R. antillarum, R. intricata and R. sanctae-crucis. We collected a plant (Boca del Cielo, Chiapas) that we identified as Rosenvingea orientalis, a species not previously reported from Pacific Mexico. We were able to characterize the life cycle of this species for the first time in laboratory culture. It reproduced exclusively by plurilocular sporangia (plurangia). The mature plants were up to 6 cm long with cylindrical to compressed fronds (to 2 mm wide) with dichotomous branches in the upper half of the thallus. The medulla was hollow with 2-3 layers of large inflated colourless cells at the periphery. The cortex was comprised of 1 layer of small cells, each with a single chloroplast and pyrenoid. Linear plurangial sori with phaeophycean hairs formed along the mature fronds. Zoospore germlings developed into prostrate filamentous systems, each with a single phaeophycean hair that gave rise to a single erect shoot with multiple hairs arising near the tip. Molecular phylogeny using the psaA gene placed this isolate within the Scytosiphonaceae. It does not confirm the exact identification of R. orientalis, although its placement close to other Rosenvingea sequences was confirmed and morphological evidence supports its placement in R. orientalis. Our culture investigations indicated that it has an asexual life cycle. Further collections are needed to resolve the full generic and specific relationships of Rosenvingea and related taxa, and their reproductive patterns.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2016

To injection mould polymers, designing mould is a key task involving several critical decisions with direct implications to yield quality, productivity and frugality. One prominent decision among them is specifying sprue-bush conduit expansion as it significantly influences overall injection moulding; abstruseness anguish in its design criteria deceives direct determination. Intuitively designers decide it wisely and then exasperate by optimising or manipulating processing parameters. To overwhelm that anomaly this research aims at proposing an ideal design criteria holistically for all polymeric materials also tend as a functional assessment metric towards perfection i.e., criteria to specify sprue conduit size before mould development. Accordingly, a priori analytical criterion was deduced quantitatively as expansion ratio from ubiquitous empirical relationships specifically a.k.a an exclusive expansion angle imperatively configured for injectant properties. Its computational intelligence advantage was leveraged to augment functionality of perfectly injecting into an impression gap, while synchronising both injector capacity and desired moulding features. For comprehensiveness, it was continuously sensitised over infinite scale as an explicit factor dependent on in-situ spatio-temporal injectant state perplexity with discrete slope and altitude for each polymeric character. In which congregant ranges of apparent viscosity and shear thinning index were conceived to characteristically assort most thermoplastics. Thereon results accorded aggressive conduit expansion widening for viscous incrust, while a very aggressive narrowing for shear thinning encrust; among them apparent viscosity had relative dominance. This important rationale would certainly form a priori design basis as well diagnose filling issues causing several defects. Like this the proposed generic design criteria, being simple would immensely benefit mould designers besides serve as an inexpensive preventive cliché to moulders. Its adaption ease to practice manifests a hope of injection moulding extremely alluring polymers. Therefore, we concluded that appreciating injectant's polymeric character to design exclusive sprue bush offers a definite a priori advantage.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.194-202
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• 2003

In this paper, we introduce a category of Multi-FNN (Fuzzy-Neural Networks) models, analyze the underlying architectures and propose a comprehensive identification framework. The proposed Multi-FNNs dwell on a concept of fuzzy rule-based FNNs based on HCM clustering and evolutionary fuzzy granulation, and exploit linear inference being treated as a generic inference mechanism. By this nature, this FNN model is geared toward capturing relationships between information granules known as fuzzy sets. The form of the information granules themselves (in particular their distribution and a type of membership function) becomes an important design feature of the FNN model contributing to its structural as well as parametric optimization. The identification environment uses clustering techniques (Hard C - Means, HCM) and exploits genetic optimization as a vehicle of global optimization. The global optimization is augmented by more refined gradient-based learning mechanisms such as standard back-propagation. The HCM algorithm, whose role is to carry out preprocessing of the process data for system modeling, is utilized to determine the structure of Multi-FNNs. The detailed parameters of the Multi-FNN (such as apexes of membership functions, learning rates and momentum coefficients) are adjusted using genetic algorithms. An aggregate performance index with a weighting factor is proposed in order to achieve a sound balance between approximation and generalization (predictive) abilities of the model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, two numeric data sets are experimented with. One is the numerical data coming from a description of a certain nonlinear function and the other is NOx emission process data from a gas turbine power plant.