• Composites Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

Densification occurs by the inelastic flow of the matrix materials during the consolidation processes at high temperature for MMCs, and the results depend on many process conditions such as applied pressure, temperature and volume fraction of fiber and matrix materials. This is particularly important in titanium matrix composites since material failure may occur by either the applied conditions or microstructural parameters through the processes, and thus a generic model based on micro-mechanical approaches enabling the evolution of density over time to be predicted has been developed. The mode developed is then implemented into FEM so that practical process simulation has been carried out. Further the experimental investigation of the consolidation behavior of SiC/Ti-6Al-4V composites using vacuum hot pressing has been performed, and the results obtained are compared with the model predictions.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.19-19
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• 2003

The Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul is a family of sphaeriaceous genera with obscure but apparently common ancestry (Rogers, 1979), A central core of genera - Xylaria, Hypoxylon, Rosellinia, Poronia, Podosordaria, Hypocopra, Daldinia, Biscogniauxia, Kretzschmaria, Camillea, Penzigia - are obviously related, regardless of the fact that the generic limits are arguable (Rogers, 1979; Barr, 1990; Eriksson & Hawksworth, 1991; Laessoe, 1994). In general, the family Xylariaceae is primarily defined as a group of stromatic pyrenomycetes with unitunicate asci characterized by a typical apical apparatus and pigmented ascospores having a germ slit (Rogers, 1979). Since Winter (1887) circumscribed the family to include Pyrenomycetes with predominately a dark stroma, dark unveiled spores containing 5 genera: Nummularia Tul. & C. Tul., Hypoxylon Bull., Ustulina Tul. & C.Tul., Poronia Willd. and XylariaHill ex Schrank, many more genera has been added to the family (Dennis, 1961; Eriksson & Hawksworth, 1993; Whalley, 1996). In the absence of a clear circumscription of the family (Rogers, 1994) the agreed number of accepted genera is governed by individual views and there are therefore difference between the proposals for the ascomycetes recognized 35 genera and indicated a further 3 which might belong there. Laessoe reviewed the family and included 37 genera but a few of these were listed as uncertain (Laessoe, 1994). In the most recent accounts Whalley (1996) listed 41 genera but again a number of these were considered uncertain and Ju and Rogers (1996) accepted 39 genera in their interpretation of the family. Since Laessoe (1994) merged Daldinia and Versiomyces with Hypoxylonand Ju and Rogers (1996) combined Astrocystis with Rosellinia and Helicogermslita, which can be argued strongly against, it is likely that a realistic number of genera will be close to 40 (Whalley, 1996; Table 1).

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.43-49
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• 2003

The Xylariaceae Tul. & C. Tul is a family of sphaeriaceous genera with obscure but apparently common ancestry (Rogers, 1979). A central core of genera - Xylaria, Hypoxylon, Rosellinia, Poronia, Podosordaria, Hypocopra, Daldinia, Biscogniauxia, Kretzschmaria, Camillea, Penzigia - are obviously related, regardless of the fact that the generic limits are arguable (Rogers, 1979; Barr, 1990; Eriksson & Hawksworth, 1991; Laessoe, 1994). In general, the family Xylariaceae is primarily defined as a group of stromatic pyrenomycetes with unitunicate asci characterized by a typical apical apparatus and pigmented ascospores having a germ slit (Rogers, 1979). Since Winter (1887) circumscribed the family to include Pyrenomycetes with predominately a dark stroma, dark unveiled spores containing 5 geners: Nummularia Tul, & C. Tul., Hypoxylon Bull., ustulina Tul. & C.Tul., Poronia Willd. and XylariaHill ex Schrank, many more genera has been added to the family (Dennis, 1961; Eriksson & Hawksworth, 1993; Whalley, 1996). In the absence of the clear circumscription of the family (Rogers, 1994) the agreed number of accepted genera is governed by individual views and there are therefore difference between the proposals for the ascomycetes recognized 35 genera and indicated a further 3 which might belong there. Laessore reviewed the family and included 37 genera but a few of these were listed as uncertain (Laessoe, 1994). In the most recent accounts Whalley (1996) listed 41 genera but again a number of these were considered uncertain and Ju and Rogers (1996) accepted 39 genera in their interpretation of the family. Since Laessoe (1994) merged Daldinia and Versiomyces with Hypoxylonand Ju and Rogers (1996) combined Astrocystis with Resellinia and Helicogermslita, which can be argued strongly against, it is likely that a realistic number of genera will be close to 40(Whalley, 1996; table 1).

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.33-42
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• 2021

Based on the findings of Lee et al.(2020) and Lee & Oh(2021), this paper aims to fill the gap in our knowledge regarding the relationship between strategic choices and corporate growth by utilizing a novel dataset of 'Unicorn' and 'Hyper-growing' companies. Two previous studies provide coherent findings that the relationship between firms' strategies and their performance should be explored under a more comprehensive framework with consideration of both internal and external factors. Therefore, in this study, we apply a single conceptual framework to two different datasets, which considers the strategy factors as independent variables, and the industry(market) and the firm age as moderating variables. For our dependent variables, valuations for unicorn companies and revenue CAGR for hyper-growing companies are used after categorizing them into three uniform groups. The strategy variables include 'Generic (Cost-leadership, Differentiation, focus) strategies', 'Growth(Organic, M&A) strategies', 'Leading(Pioneer, Fast-follower) strategies', 'Target market(B2B, B2C, B2G, C2C) strategies', 'Global(Global, Local) strategies', 'Digital(Online, Offline) strategies.' For industry(market) factors, it consists of historical growth rate for industries and economic, demographic, and regulatory aspects of states and countries. To overcome the differences in their units, they are also uniformly categorized into multiple groups. Before we conduct a regression analysis, we analyze the industry distribution of the 'Unicorn' and the 'Hyper-growing' companies with descriptive statistics at the integrated and individual levels. Next, we employ hierarchical regression models on Study A('Unicorn' companies in 2019) and Study B('Hyper-growing' companies in 2019) under the same comprehensive framework. We then analyze the relationship between the 'strategy' and the 'performance' factors with two different approaches: 1) an integrated regression model with both the sample of Study A and B and 2) respective regression models on Study A and B. This empirical study aims to provide a complete understanding and a reference to which strategy factors should be considered to promote firms' scale-up and growth.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.217-224
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• 2003

The frost and mist in the windshield disturb the sight of driver and passengers especially in winter. This possibly leads to safety problems. In order to export automobiles to the countries of North America, the safety regulation requires the frost of selected area should be completely melted in 30 minutes. The defrost pattern and time for melting of frost are fully dependent on the flow and temperature field near the windshield. Furthermore, the flow and temperature field near the windshield are dependent on the air discharged from defrost nozzle. The present work has been done for understanding the flow features of the discharged air and internal flow within the nozzle duct. The three dimensional Navier-Stokes code was used for performing the generic A/C duct flow analysis. The present results were nearly coincided with experimental data. To perform the parametric study of the effectiveness of the number of guide vanes, the discharge angle and the location of nozzle were changed. The ratio of volume flow rate through defrost nozzle and side exit were compared to investigate the influence of parameters on the effectiveness of defrost nozzle. The velocity profiles and flow patterns of the defrost nozzle duct were also analyzed.

• BMB Reports
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.164-169
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• 2021

Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) is a GPI-anchored membrane protein that is involved in neural cell adhesion and communication. Multiple genome wide association studies have found that NEGR1 is a generic risk factor for multiple human diseases, including obesity, autism, and depression. Recently, we reported that Negr1-/- mice showed a highly increased fat mass and affective behavior. In the present study, we identified Na/K-ATPase, beta1-subunit (ATP1B1) as an NEGR1 binding partner by yeast two-hybrid screening. NEGR1 and ATP1B1 were found to form a relatively stable complex in cells, at least partially co-localizing in membrane lipid rafts. We found that NEGR1 binds with ATP1B1 at its C-terminus, away from the binding site for the alpha subunit, and may contribute to intercellular interactions. Collectively, we report ATP1B1 as a novel NEGR1-interacting protein, which may help deciphering molecular networks underlying NEGR1-associated human diseases.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 1997

Cefaclor is a second generation cephalosporin antibiotic that shows a potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, when it is orally administered. Due to its patent expiration, a number of generic drugs have been marketed, but not yet elucidated to ensure therapeutic equivalence. In this study, cefaclor capsules manufactured by Chong Kun Dang were bioequivallently assessed by comparing with $Ceclor^{TM}$ introduced originally by Daewoong Lilly. A total of 16 healthy male volunteers were evaluated in a randomized crossover manner with a 2-week washout period. Concentrations of cefaclor in plasma were measured upto 6 hours following a single oral administration of two capsules (500 mg of cefaclor) by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Although the plasma concentration at 6 hours was not detected, the computed half-life of cefaclor was approximately 0.5 hours. The area under the concentration-vs-time curve from 0 to 4 hours $(AUC_{0-4h})$ was calculated by the trapezoidal summation method. The differences in mean values of $AUC_{0-4h}$, peak plasma concentration $(C_{max})$, and time to peak concentration $(T_{max})$ between the two products were $4.63\%,\;1.84\%,\;and\3.28\%$, respectively. The least significant differences at $\alpha4= 0.05 for $AUC_{0-4h},\;C_{max},\;and\;T_{max}\;were\;6,53\%,\;4.05\%,\;and\;6.47\%$, respectively. In conclusion, the test drug was bioequivalent with the reference drug.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.282-293
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• 2012

Phylogenetic studies were conducted to evaluate the taxonomic relationships among 28 taxa, including 2 outgroups of Korean Campanulaceae, using atpB, atpB-rbcL, atpF-H, matK, rbcL, rpl16, rpoC1 and trnL-F regions sequences in chloroplast DNA. The combined analyses of eight chloroplast DNA regions suggest that Codonopsis and Platycodon basally branches within the phylogenetic tree; Wahlenbergia distinguished an independent clade; Campanula forms a clade; Peracarpa and Asyneuma clade is a sister to the Adenophora-Hanabusaya clade; Hanabusaya is placed within the section Remotiflorae of Adenophora; Adenophora form a clade. Our present results support the generic level, although discordance remained at the infrageneric groups such as section and series based on morphological characteristics in the genus Adenophora.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2014

Environmental qualification (EQ) for safety-related equipment is required to ensure that those equipment will perform their required function even under the harsh environment conditions arising from design basis accident in the nuclear power plant. As a part of EQ program, the room temperature analysis in case of a loss of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning(HVAC) system was carried out to ensure the operability of the safety-related equipment of a nuclear power plant randomly chosen among the Korean nuclear power plants. In this paper, this analysis was performed in the conservative perspective using GOTHIC code. The room temperature analysis includes selecting the rooms in which the safety related equipment are located but not supported by safety related HVAC and determining the temperature of the selected rooms. Target rooms for the analysis consist of W229/W237 (Aux. feedwater pump room), W232 (Aux. feedwater tank room) and W230 (Equipment passageway). The results showed the temperature range from $43^{\circ}C$ to $83^{\circ}C$, in 72 hours after a loss of HVAC. Those values are far below of generic EQ temperature($171^{\circ}C$). Therefore, it is satisfied with EQ requirement of temperature limits on safety related equipment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.1 s.97
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• pp.147-156
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• 2005

CGI is a standard interface rule between web server and gateway devised for the gateway's standard output to replace a static web document in UNIX environment. So, it is common to use standard I/O statements provided by the programming language for the CGI gateway. But the standard I/O mechanism is one of buffer strategies that are designed transparently to operating system and optimized for generic cases. This means that it nay be useful to apply another optimization to the standard I/O environment in CGI gateway. In this paper, we introduced standard output method and file output method as the two output optimization areas for CGI gateways written in C language in the UNIX/LINUX systems, and applied the proposed methods of each area to Debian LINUX, IBM AIX, SUN Solaris, Digital UNIX respectively. Then we analyzed the effect of them focused on execution time. The results were different from operating system to operating system. Compared to normal situation, the best case of standard output area showed about $10{\%}$ improvement and the worst case showed $60{\%}$ degradation in file output area where some performance improvements were expected.