• Title/Summary/Keyword: C1-2

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Studies on the Triglyceride Composition of Some Vegetable Oils -IV. Triglyceride Composition of Rice Bran Oil- (식물유(植物油)의 Triglyceride조성(組成)에 관한 연구(硏究) -제(第) 4 보(報) : 쌀겨기름의 Triglyceride조성(組成)-)

  • Choi, Su-An;Park, Yeung-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.108-111
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    • 1983
  • High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to the analysis of triglycerides of rice bran oil. The triglycerides were clearly separated in five peaks by HPLC on a column packed with ${\mu}-Bondapack$ C18 using methanol-chloroform mixture as a solvent. Compositions of the triglyceride and fatty acid of the fraction was also analyzed by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Each of these collected fractions gave three to four peaks in the GLC chromatograms according to the carbon number of the triglyceride. The fitty acid compositions of these triglycerides were mainly composed of C16:0, C18:1 and C18:2 fatty acids. The major triglycerides of the rice bran oil were found to be those of (C16:0, C18:1, C18:2;16.64%), $(2{\times}C18:1,\;C18:2;16.18%)$, $(3{\times}C18:1;13.7%)$, $(C16:0,\;2{\times}C18:1;12.77%)$,$(C18:1,\;2{\times}C18:2;9.16%)$ and $(C16:0,\;2{\times}C18:2;6.42%)$

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ON A NEW CLASS OF DOUBLE INTEGRALS INVOLVING GENERALIZED HYPERGEOMETRIC FUNCTION 3F2

  • Kim, Insuk
    • Honam Mathematical Journal
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.809-816
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    • 2018
  • The aim of this research paper is to evaluate fifty double integrals invoving generalized hypergeometric function (25 each) in the form of $${{\int}^1_0}{{\int}^1_0}\;x^{{\gamma}-1}y^{{\gamma}+c-1}(1-x)^{c-1}(1-y)^{c+{\ell}}(1-xy)^{{\delta}-2c-{\ell}-1}{\times}_3F_2\[{^{a,\;b,\;2c+{\ell}+1}_{\frac{1}{2}(a+b+i+1),\;2c+j}}\;;{\frac{(1-x)y}{1-xy}}\]dxdy$$ and $${{\int}^1_0}{{\int}^1_0}\;x^{{\gamma}-1}y^{{\gamma}+c+{\ell}}(1-x)^{c+{\ell}}(1-y)^{c-1}(1-xy)^{{\delta}-2c-{\ell}-1}{\times}_3F_2\[{^{a,\;b,\;2c+{\ell}+1}_{\frac{1}{2}(a+b+i+1),\;2c+j}}\;;{\frac{1-y}{1-xy}}\]dxdy$$ in the most general form for any ${\ell}{\in}{\mathbb{Z}}$ and i, j = 0, ${\pm}1$, ${\pm}2$. The results are derived with the help of generalization of Edwards's well known double integral due to Kim, et al. and generalized classical Watson's summation theorem obtained earlier by Lavoie, et al. More than one hundred ineteresting special cases have also been obtained.

Evaluating the Efficiency of the Device in Shielding Scattered Radiation during Treatment of Carcinoma of the Penis (음경암의 방사선치료 시 자체 제작한 Device의 산란선 차폐 효과에 대한 유용성 평가)

  • Gim, Yang-Soo;Lee, Sun-Young;Lim, Suk-Gun;Gwak, Geun-Tak;Pak, Ju-Gyeong;Lee, Seung-Hoon;Hwang, Ho-In;Cha, Seok-Yong
    • The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: We evaluated the device that was created for maintaining the patient's setup and protecting the testicles from scattered radiation during treatment of carcinoma of the penis. Materials and Methods: The phantom testicles were made of vaseline cotton gauze and the device consisted of 5 mm of acryl box and 4 mm of lead shielding. $3{\times}3\;cm^2$, $4{\times}4\;cm^2$, $5{\times}5\;cm^2$, $6{\times}6\;cm^2$, $7{\times}7\;cm^2$ field sizes were used for this study and measurement was made at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 cm from the lower edge of the field for 10 times with lead shielding and without the shielding respectively. 200 cGy was delivered using 6 MV photons. Results: The scatted radiation without lead shielding at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 cm from the lower edge of the field were 14.8-4.7 cGy with $3{\times}3\;cm^2$, 15.7-5.2 cGy with $4{\times}4\;cm^2$, 17.6-5.5 cGy with $5{\times}5\;cm^2$, 19.9-6.6 cGy with $6{\times}6\;cm^2$, 22.2-7.6 cGy with $7{\times}7\;cm^2$ and the measured dose without lead shielding were 7.1-2.6 cGy with $3{\times}3\;cm^2$, 8.9-3.6 cGy with $4{\times}4\;cm^2$, 12.3-4.8 cGy with $5{\times}5\;cm^2$, 14.6-5.0 cGy with $6{\times}6\;cm^2$ and 21.1~6.4 cGy with $7{\times}7\;cm^2$. As shown above, the scatted radiation decreased after using lead shielding. Depending of the range of field sizes, the resulting difference between without shielding values and with shielding values were: 7.8-1.1 cGy at 4 cm, 5.1-1.2 cGy at 5 cm, 3.8-1.1 cGy at 6 cm, 3.4-1.7 cGy at 7 cm, 2.8-1.7 cGy at 8 cm, 2.4-2.5 cGy at 9 cm and 2.1-1.8 cGy at 10 cm. In the situation as described above, the range in values depending on the distance was 7.8-1.1 cGy with $3{\times}3\;cm^2$, 6.9-1.6 cGy with $4{\times}4\;cm^2$, 5.3-0.8 cGy with $5{\times}5\;cm^2$, 5.3-1.5 cGy with $6{\times}6\;cm^2$ and 1.1-1.8 cGy with $7{\times}7\;cm^2$. Conclusion: Using the device we created to shield the testicles from scattered radiation during treatment of carcinoma of the penis, we have found that scattered radiation to the testicles is decreased by the phantom testicles, and by increasing the distance between the testicles and penis.

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Gene Frequencies and Phenotypes of Transferrin C Subtypes and Haptoglobin in Korean Population (한국인집단의 Transferrin C Subtypes와 Haptoglogin Phenotypes의 분포와 유전자 빈도)

  • 이정주;오문유
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.211-217
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    • 1983
  • Genetic polymorphism of transferrin $(T_f)$ subtypes in Jeju population was studied by isoelectric focusing of human sera on polyacrylamide gels under high voltage, and haptolobin (Hp) polymorphism in Seoul and Jeju population was studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Among 946 normal samples, three common types of transferrin, $T_{f}C_{1}, T_{f}C_{1}-C_{2} and T_{f}C_{2}$ were observed with some variants migrating slower than $T_{f}C$ subtypes, while among 139 patient (hepatitis) samples, only three common types were found. The gene frequencies were calculated as follows; in normal population, $T_{f}C^{1}$ was 0.7220; $T_{f}C^{2}, 0.2743; T_{f}D^{Jeju}, 0.0037$, and in patient population, $T_{f}C^{1} was 0.7194; T_{f}C^{2}, 0.2806$ respectively. Among 460 samples in Seoul and 502 in Jeju population, three types of haptoglobin, Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1 and Hp 2-2 were observed. The gene frequency of $Hp^1$ was 0.304, $Hp^2$, 0.696 in Seoul and in Jeju, $Hp^1$ was 0.269 and $Hp^2$, 0.731, respectively. The frequencies of the genes and the polymorphic phenotypes were discussed comparatively with the other populations.

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A RESULT ON AN OPEN PROBLEM OF LÜ, LI AND YANG

  • Majumder, Sujoy;Saha, Somnath
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.58 no.4
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    • pp.915-937
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    • 2021
  • In this paper we deal with the open problem posed by Lü, Li and Yang [10]. In fact, we prove the following result: Let f(z) be a transcendental meromorphic function of finite order having finitely many poles, c1, c2, …, cn ∈ ℂ\{0} and k, n ∈ ℕ. Suppose fn(z), f(z+c1)f(z+c2) ⋯ f(z+cn) share 0 CM and fn(z)-Q1(z), (f(z+c1)f(z+c2) ⋯ f(z+cn))(k) - Q2(z) share (0, 1), where Q1(z) and Q2(z) are non-zero polynomials. If n ≥ k+1, then $(f(z+c_1)f(z+c_2)\;{\cdots}\;f(z+c_n))^{(k)}\;{\equiv}\;{\frac{Q_2(z)}{Q_1(z)}}f^n(z)$. Furthermore, if Q1(z) ≡ Q2(z), then $f(z)=c\;e^{\frac{\lambda}{n}z}$, where c, λ ∈ ℂ \ {0} such that eλ(c1+c2+⋯+cn) = 1 and λk = 1. Also we exhibit some examples to show that the conditions of our result are the best possible.

Analyzing the Significance of T1 Slope minus Cervical Lordosis in Patients with Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Surgery

  • Lee, Ho Jin;You, Soon Tae;Sung, Jae Hoon;Kim, Il Sup;Hong, Jae Taek
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.64 no.6
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    • pp.913-921
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    • 2021
  • Objective : Accurate measurement of T1 slope (a component of T1s minus cervical lordosis [CL]) is often constrained by anatomical limitations. In this situation, efforts should be made to find the exact meaning of T1s-CL and whether there are any alternatives to it. Methods : We enrolled 117 patients who received two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Occipital slope, C2 slope (C2s), C7 slope (C7s), T1, O-C2 angle (O-C2A), C2-7 angle (C2-7A), O-C7 angle (O-C7A), T1s-CL, C7-T1 angle (C7-T1A), and C2-7 sagittal vertical axis were measured. We determined 16° (T1s-CL) as the reference point for dividing subjects into the mismatch group and the balance group, and a comparative analysis was performed. Results : The mean value of C7-T1A was constantly maintained within 2.6° peri-operatively. In addition, C2s and T1s-CL showed the same absolute change (Δ|0.8|°). The mean values of T1s-CL of the mismatch and balance groups were 23.0° and 7.6°, respectively. The five factors with the largest differences between the two groups were as follows : C2s (Δ13.3°), T1s-CL (Δ15.4°), O-C2A (Δ8.7°), C2-7A (Δ14.7°), and segmental angle (Δ7.9°) before surgery. Only four factors showed statistically significant change between the two groups after ACDF : T1s-CL (Δ4.0° vs. Δ0.2°), C2s (Δ3.2° vs. Δ0.7°), O-C2A (Δ2.6° vs. Δ1.3°), C2-7A (Δ6.3° vs. Δ1.3°). A very strong correlation between T1s-CL and C2s was also found (r=|0.88-0.96|). Conclusion : C2s itself may be the essential key to represent T1s-CL. The amounts and directions of change of these two factors (T1s-CL and C2s) were also almost identical. The above phenomenon was re-confirmed once again through the correlation analysis.

1,4-Dicyanobutene Bridged Binuclear Iridium (I, III) Complexes and Their Catalytic Activities

  • Park, Hwa-Kun;Chin, Chong-Shik
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.185-189
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    • 1987
  • Reactions of $Ir(ClO)_4(CO)(PPh_3)_2$ with dicyano olefins, cis-NCCH = CH$CH_2$$CH_2$CN (cDC1B), trans-NCCH = CH$CH_2$$CH_2$CN (tDC1B), trans-NC$CH_2$CH = CH$CH_2$CN (tDC2B), and NC$CH_2$$CH_2$$CH_2$$CH_2$CN (DCB) produce binuclear dicationic iridium (I) complexes, $[(CO)(PPh_3)_2Ir-NC-A-CN-Ir(PPh_3)_2(CO)](ClO_4)_2$ (NC-A-CN = cDC1B (1a), tDC1B (1b), tDC2B (1c), DCB (1d)). Complexes 1a-1d react with hydrogen to give binuclear dicationic tetrahydrido iridium (Ⅲ ) complexes, $[(CO)(PPh_3)_2(H)_2Ir-NC-A-CN-Ir(H)_2(PPh_3)_2(CO)](ClO_4)_2$ (NC-A-CN = cDC1B (2a), tDC1B (2b), tDC2B (2c), DCB (2d)). Complexes 2a and 2b catalyze the hydrogenation of cDC1B and tDC1B, respectively to give DCB, while the complex 2c is catalytically active for the isomerization of tDC2B to give cDC1B and tDC1B and the hydrogenation of tDC2B to give DCB at $100^{\circ}C$.

Using Tabu Search for L(2,1)-coloring Problem of Graphs with Diameter 2 (Tabu Search를 이용한 지름이 2인 그래프에 대한 L(2,1)-coloring 문제 해결)

  • Kim, SoJeong;Kim, ChanSoo;Han, KeunHee
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.345-351
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    • 2022
  • For simple undirected graph G=(V,E), L(2,1)-coloring of G is a nonnegative real-valued function f : V → [0,1,…,k] such that whenever vertices x and y are adjacent in G then |f(x)-f(y)|≥ 2 and whenever the distance between x and y is 2, |f(x)-f(y)|≥ 1. For a given L(2,1)-coloring c of graph G, the c-span is λ(c) = max{|c(v)-c(v)||u,v∈V}. L(2,1)-coloring number λ(G) = min{λ(c)} where the minimum is taken over all L(2,1)-coloring c of graph G. In this paper, based on Harary's Theorem, we use Tabu Search to figure out the existence of Hamiltonian Path in a complementary graph and confirmed that if λ(G) is equal to n(=|V|).

Effects of Protein Kinases on Phospholipase C Activation and Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ Mobilization Induced by Endothelin-1 (Endothelin-1에 의한 phospholipase C 활성화와 세포내 $Ca^{2+}$ 이동에 미치는 protein kinase들의 효과)

  • 조중형;김현준;이윤혜;박진형;장용운;이승준;이준한;윤정이;김창종
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.162-168
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    • 2000
  • To investigate the effects of protein kinases on endothelin-1-induced phospholipase C activation and $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization in Rat-2 fibroblast, we measured the formation of inositol phosphates and intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration with [$^3$H]inositol and Fura-2/AM, respectively. Endothelin-1 dose-dependently activated phospholipase C and increased intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration. Protein kinase C activator PMA, significantly inhibited both phospholipase C activity and $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization induced by endothelin-1. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, inhibited both. On the other hand, cyclic nucleotide (cAMP and cGMP) did not have any influence on the signaling pathway of phospholipase C-Ca$^{2+}$ mobilization induced by endothelin-1. These results suggest that protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase counteract on the signaling pathway of phospholipase C-Ca$^{2+}$ mobilization induced by endothelin-1 in Rat-2 fibroblast. fibroblast.

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Detection of Hydrocarbons to Determine Post-Irradiation of Dry Soup Base Ingredients in Instant Noodle (라면 건조 스프 재료의 방사선 조사 검지를 위한 Hydrocarbon류 검출)

  • Hwang, Keum-Taek;Park, Jun-Young
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.1018-1023
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    • 1998
  • Hydrocarbons in dry soup base and its ingredients in instant noodle were analyzed to determine whether the analysis of hydrocarbons is a potential method to detect post-irradiation of the soup base. Soup base ingredients were irradiated individually, irradiated before mixing, or mixed after irradiation. Lipids were extracted with hexane and hydrocarbons were separated from the lipids through Florisil column. The hydrocarbons were analyzed with GC. Hydrocarbons C17:2, C16:3, C17:1, and C16:2 were detected in palm oil, red pepper powder, and sesame seeds irradiated at 10 kGy, but not in unirradiated ones. C17:2, C16:3, C17:1, and C16:2 were not detected in the soup base mixture of unirradiated ingredients. The four hydrocarbons were detected in the soup base mixture using irradiated palm oil or sesame seeds. In the mixture using irradiated red pepper powder, C17:2 and C16:3 were detected. When the soup mixture was irradiated after mixing unirradiated ingredients, C17:2, C17:1, and C16:2 were detected in the sample irradiated at 1 kGy, and C17:2, C16:3, C17:1, and C16:2 were in large amounts at 5 and 10 kGy.

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