• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate dyeing properties of wool fabric with walnut colorants. Walnut colorants were extracted with water from walnut hull and characterized by FT-IR analysis. Effects of dyeing conditions and mordanting on dyeing properties and colorfastness were studied. Results obtained were as follows, 1. Higher K/S value was obtained at higher temperature and longer dyeing time, the highest K/S value was shown at $100^\circ{C}$, 60min. 2. Dye uptake was increased with the increase in colorants concentration up to 2%. Higher K/S value was obtained at acidic condition. 3. Mordanting was not effective for improving dye uptake and colorfastness and for changing color of the dyed fabric.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2000

Silk fabric was dyed using methanol extract of Chrysanthemum boreale at $60^\circ{C}$ for 40min. The K/S value of the silk fabric was highest in the premordanting method, while the amount of absorbed mordant was largest in the Cu-mordanting. The surface colors of the dyed fabric highly depended upon mordants or mordanting methods. For all cases, the value of the dyed fabric was dark. The chroma was high by using the Cr-mordant and the color difference was distinct by using the Fe-mordant. Cu-mordanted silk showed highest fastness to light. Dyed silk fabrics by mordanting method showed good antimicrobial activity ad deodorization property.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Amur cork tree is natural basic and yellow dye largely used for dyeing on cotton. The most effective solvent for extract of berberine from amur cork tree was methanol. The dyeabilities of the colorant on cotton and the fastness of cotton fabrics dyed with amur cork tree extract were investigated. And according to the concentration, temperature and time of pre-treatment, K/S values, wash fastness and Hand Value of cotton fabrics dyed with amur cork tree extract were investigated. As a results, K/S values of dyed cotton fabrics were increased by Pre-treatment with chinese gallotannin and the optimum condition of chinese gallotannin treatment was 15%owf concentration at $60^\circ{C}$, 30min. The wash fastness was enhanced to 3.5 grades. There was no degradations of Hand Value of cotton fabrics treated with chinese gallotannin.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2006

일반적으로 동물성 섬유(견, 모)는 단백질 섬유로서 매염제를 쓰지 않고도 염색이 잘되는 편이지만, 식물성 섬유인 면, 마 등은 섬유소이므로 색소의 흡착이 불량하여 염색성이 우수한 염색 보조제로 전처리 한 다음, 주매염제를 처리해야 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 식물성 섬유의 일종인 인피섬유로 이루어진 한지의 천연염색 효과 향상을 위해 염색 보조제로 콩즙, 탈지분유 및 키토산을 한지에 전처리를 한 다음, 황벽나무 수피, 찔레나무 지엽, 꼭두서니 및 자초 뿌리로부터 염료를 추출하고 $Al_2(SO_4)_3$와 $Fe(OH)(CH_3COO)_2$를 매염제로 사용하여 염색한 한지의 염색특성과 견뢰도를 분석하였다. 천연염색 한지의 색상 및 색차 분석결과 염색 보조제를 사용한 것이 모든 염료에서 무처리 시료보다 염색이 양호하였으며, 사용한 염색 보조제 중에서는 콩즙으로 전처리한 시료가 가장 우수한 염색 효과를 나타내었다. 촉진노화 시험을 통한 천연염색 한지의 견뢰도를 분석한 결과 자초가 가장 불량한 것으로 나타났으며, 꼭두서니가 비교적 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제20권
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• pp.9-22
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• 2007

문화재의 생물방제를 목적으로 개발되어 시판되고 있는 3종의 식물 추출 천연 살충 살균제에 대한 문화재의 재질에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 평가 대상 재질은 1) 견직물 : 염색하지 않은 견직물, 황벽, 오배자, 오배자(명반 후매염), 오배자(녹반 후매염), 치자, 울금, 도토리, 도토리(녹반 후매염), 자초, 천근, 천근(명반 후매염), 홍화(홍염색), 소목, 소목(명반 선매염, 후매염) 염색 및 쪽, 쪽과 황벽 복염, 쪽과 소목 복염 견직물 2) 면직물 : 염색하지 않은 면직물, 황벽, 오배자, 오배자(명반 후매염), 치자, 도토리, 도토리(녹반 후매염), 자초, 천근, 천근(명반 후매염), 홍화(홍염색), 소목, 소목(명반선매염, 후매염) 염색 및 쪽, 쪽과 소목 복염 면직물, 3) 염색하지 않은 저마직물 4) 한지 : 염색하지 않은 한지, 소목, 쪽, 치자, 홍화(홍염색), 황벽 염색 한지 5) 안료분말 :석청 석록, 연단, 석간주, 주사, 주, 패각호분, 밀타승,대자, 석황, 쪽, 백토, 연백 남전 5)채색편 : 석청, 석록, 연단, 석간주, 주사, 주, 패각호분, 밀타승, 대자, 석황, 쪽, 백토, 연백, 남전이다. 시험은 시료를 습도 $55{\pm}1%$. 온도 $20{\pm}2^{\circ}C$의 환경에서 약제의 권장 농도의 10배에 9개월간 노출 시킨 후 기준 시료와의 색차와 인장강도를 비교 평가하였다. 약제 노출 후 염색을 하지 않은 견직물 면직물 저마직물 한지는 약제에 의한 색상 변화는 거의 일어나지 않았으나, 염색 견직물 면직물 한지는 도토리나 천근 염색 직물 등이나 치자 염색 한지를 제외하고는 대부분 일반인도 인식이 가능한 뚜렷한 색상차가 발생하였다. 특히 울금 염색 견직물은 가장 색상차가 뚜렷하였다. 그리고 안료분말이나 채색편은 납, 구리, 비소, 수은 함유 안료 및 식물성 안료 등에서 뚜렷한 색상차가 발생하였다. 인장강도는 염색하지 않은 견직물은 약제에 거의 변화가 없으며 면직물은 약간 감소하는 경향을 보이나, 염색을 한 견직물이나 면직물은 강도의 증가나 감소가 뚜렷하였다. 특히 천근 염색 견직물은 10% 이상의 강도 감소가, 쪽 염색 견직물은 10% 이상의 강도 증가가 일어났으며, 천근과 소목(명반 후매염) 염색 면직물은 10% 이상의 강도 감소 현상이 일어났다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2022

In this study, the dyeing properties of supercritical fluid dyed cotton fabrics were investigated which use two types of dyes, such as C.I. Disperse orange and C.I. Disperse red 167. Dyeing temperature, pressure and leveling time were equally applied at 130 ℃, 250 bar, and 60 minutes with reference to the related literature, and experiments were performed at concentrations of 0.04, 0.1, 0.4 and 0.8 % o.w.f with different concentrations. Dyeability was confirmed through measurement of washing fastness and color coordinate, and a calibration curve of each dye was drawn up and the absorbance of the residual dye was measured to confirm the amount of residual dye and the dye exhaustion rate at the corresponding concentration. As a result of color difference measurement, as the concentration increased, the L^* value decreased and the K/S value increased. However, as the concentration increased, the increase in K/S value decreased compared to the input amount, and this tendency was more obvious in C.I. Disperse red 167 than in C.I. Disperse orange 155. The dye exhaustion rate which was calculated by using the amount of residual dye in the pot was also C.I. Disperse orange 155 was 96.16 % and C.I. Disperse red 167 was 94.57 %. However, as the dyeing concentration increased, the dye exhaustion rate decreased, that C.I. Disperse orange was 95.33 % and C.I. Disperse red 167 was 90.63 %. As a result of the washing fastness test for both dyes, dyed samples of which concentrations were 0.4 and 0.8 % o.w.f decreased by 0.5 ~ 1.0 grade. This is predicted because the dye did not completely adhere to the amorphous region of the cotton fiber and the dye simply adsorbed. The fastness to rubbing also maintained at least grade 3-4 up to the 0.1 % o.w.f concentration, but at the concentration of 0.4 % o.w.f or higher, it fell to grade 1 or lower, showing a very poor friction fastness.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2002

In the prior study, the mechanical properties and the dyeability of the easily dyeable polyester grim(EDY) were investigated. In this study, to interpret the dyeing behavior of EDY with C. I. Disperse Violet 1, the thermodynamic parameters of dyeing, such as the standard affinity, the heat of dyeing(the enthalpy change), the entropy change, the diffusion coefficient, and the activation energy of diffusion, were obtained from adsorption isotherms and dyeing rate at various temperatures and compared to these of regular polyester (REG-PET). The heat of dyeing(the enthalpy change) and the entropy change for EDY showed smaller negative values than those for REG-PET. This means that the dye molecules in the EDY are combined more loosely than in the REG-PET and that is due to the flexibility of polymer chains of EDY. The diffusion coefficients of C. I. Disperse Violet 1 into the EDY were larger than those for REG-PET, and the activation energy of diffusion on EDY was smaller than that on REG-PET.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2003

Polyester microfiber has usually greater dye uptake than normal denier polyester fiber in same dyeing condition. In spite of this high dye uptake dyed microfiber fabric has not only low visual colour depth but also poor washing fastness property. In order to study high colouring dyeing technology and high washing fastness of polyester microfiber, dyeing property of polyester microfiber was investigated according to the dye solubility and particle size of used disperse dyes in aqueous dye solution. After disperse dyeing, dyed fabric with disperse dye was redyed with a vat dye without reduction clearing in order to obtain a high washing fastness property. The result were as followings ; A small particle sized disperse dyes such as C. I. Disperse Blue 56 and Red 60 showed high rate of initial exhaution compared with a large particle sized disperse dyes like C. I. Disperse Blue 165 and Red 343. In study of dyeing property of polyester microfiber with C. I. Vat Blue 1, polyester microfiber could achieve high dye uptake at a given optimum vatting process conditions. On the other hand, in consecutive dyeing with disperse and vat dye, K/S value of polyester microfiber with a small particle sized disperse dye increased without reduction clearings, but K/S value of polyester microfiber with a large particle sized disperse dye decreased with reduction clearings.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2003

Wool fabrics were dyed with the aqueous solution of C. I. Red Acid 114 mixed with methanol dissolving three kinds of barely water soluble ketones, acetophenone, 2-pentanone, and 3-pentanone. The steric hinderance and the orientation of the bigger hydrophobic part of the solvated dye molecules to the fiber slowed down the dying rate, however, loosening the wool molecule, say a little swelling, disaggeregating the dye molecules, and attaining the higher dye concentration on the fiber surface by the added solvents increased the amount of dye on the fabric. The higher concentration or/and the higher dyeing temperature helped loosen fiber molecules and made it easier for the solvated dye molecules to penetrate into the inside of the fiber. Acetophenone, the most influential solvent used, showed that the ability to loosen fiber molecules was the most important of all the three positive solvent actions mentioned above. The considered mechanism provided before reflected the fact that the dye uptake on the fabric dyed with the solvents included, except for 0.034M and 0.051M of acetophenone, was even lower than that without any solvents at $50^\circ{C}$, but all the solvents added to the dye bath increased the dye uptake on the fiber at $70^\circ{C}$.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

The dyeings of cotton and silk fabric with Laurus tree extracts were investigated. The colorant was extracted with distilled water at $100^{\circ}C$ for lh. Dyeability(K/S), color fastness and antibacterial property of cotton and silk fabric were tested under conditions of various time, temperature, concentration, repeat-number of dyeing and mordants. The characteristics of dyeings Laurus extracts were figured out by K/S and CIELab values and color-fastness test was estimated in terms of wash fastness and light fastness. The maximum wavelength of spectrum was 670nm. The K/S value of cotton and silk fabric increased with increasing dyeing time and the exhaustion was saturated in 90min. Optical dyeing temperatures of cotton and silk fabrics were $60^{\circ}C$ and $80^{\circ}C$, respectively. The mordant effect on cotton fabric was achieved using Fe mordant. On the other hand, the mordant effect on silk fabric was obtained using Fe and Cu mordants. The wash fastness of cotton fabric was higher than that of silk fabric. Antibacterial property of silk dyeing was greater than that of cotton dyeing. In addition, the excellent antibacterial effect was imparted by Fe-post mordant method.