• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.189-193
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• 2001

We have characterized physical and electrical properties of W-TiN stacked gate electrode structure with TiN as a diffusion barrier of fluorine. As the $N_2/Ar$ gas ratio increased during sputter deposition, TiN thin films became N-rich, and the resistivity of the films increased. However, the resistivity of W-TiN stacked gate reduced as a result of the crystallization of tungsten with the increase of $N_2/Ar$ gas ratio. On the other hand, tungsten in W-TiN stacked gate structure have the (100)-oriented crystalline structure although TiN films were subjected to annealing at high temperature (600~$800^{\circ}C$). Leakage currents of W-TiN gate MOS capacitors were less than $10^{-7}\textrm{/Acm}^2$ and also were lowered by the order of 2 compared with those of pure W gate electrode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Ceranic Society Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.70.1-70
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• 2003

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 1999

퇴비화 재료를 혼합하는 목적은 재료를 퇴비황에 최적조건으로 조성하여 퇴비화 성능을 향상 시키고 취기발생을 억제하기 위함이다. 퇴비화성능에 미치는 요인으로서는 C/N비, 수분 함량, 산도(pH), 산물밀도, 입자크기 등이 있다. 이 중에서 C/N비는 적정값으로 조성하기 어렵다. 본 자료는 퇴비재료의 적정 수분 함량 및 C/N비를 조성하기 위해 각 요소재료의 혼합비율을 제시하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1337-1342
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• 2004

To improve the quality of Gulbi, 10% garlic juice (GJ), 10% onion juice (OJ), and 10% garlic and onion juice mixture (GOJ) were added to the brine solution as a wet-salting method. The changes of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and trimethyl amine (TMA) production, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value, and total microbial numbers in Gulbi were analyzed during storage at room temperature for 12 days. The group treated with 10% GOJ showed the lowest values of 88.2 mg/l00 g in TVB-N, 14.13 mg/l00 g in TMA, and 3.1 $\mu$mol/kg in TBARS. The fatty acid profile of Gulbi was analyzed on 5, 15, and 30 days to investigate the effect of GOJ treatment. The group treated with GOJ showed higher C22:6 (9.91%) and C20:5 (4.25%) contents than control (7.37% and 3.71%, respectively), but had lower C18:1 (24.44%) content. The saturated fatty acid content in Gulbi was 32∼35% and the C16:0 (21∼23%) was predominant in it. Oleic acid was major unsaturated fatty acid in Gulbi. The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:3, C20:5, C22:6) were decreased after 30 days but increased the saturated fatty acid (C16:0) and monoenes (C16:1 and C18:1). The Gulbi treated with GOJ by brine salting method showed higher DHA and EPA (9.91% and 4.25%, respectively) contents than the control group.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.847-860
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• 2006

This study investigated the effects of feeding Charolais steers on diets rich in either n-6 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and time on feed (TOF) on muscle fatty acid composition and content. Twenty eight steers were fed on ad libitum forage and one of two concentrates varying in the source of fat; soya (high in C18:2 n-6) or whole linseed (high in C18:3 n-3) for either 60 or 90 days in IGER (Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK). The concentrates were fed at approximately 0.73 of total DM intake. TOF influenced carcass weight, conformation and fatness scores, which were higher at 90 v. 60 days (P<0.05). Diet did not affect total fatty acid content of neutral lipid in m. longissimus thoracis but feeding linseed increased total phospholipid fatty acid by approx- imately 15%(P<0.05). Linseed increased the amount and proportion of C18:3 n-3 (P<0.001) and the proportion of CLA (cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid), while soya increased the content (P<0.05) and proportion (P<0.001) of C18:2 n-6 in muscle neutral lipid. In muscle phospholipid, linseed significantly increased the amount of CLA, C18:3 n-3 and its longer chain derivatives as well as C14:0, C16:0, C18:0. C18:1 trans and C18:2 n-6. The amount and proportion of C18:2 n-6 and its longer chain C20 derivatives were higher on feeding soya. TOF (90 v. 60 day) increased the content of C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, CLA, C18:1 n-9, C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 in muscle neutral lipid. The P:S was not affected by diet or TOF. The ratio of C18:2 n-6 : C18:3 n-3 and sum of n-6 : n-3 fatty acids were higher in muscle from animals fed on linseed v. soya (P<0.001). The study indicates that the PUFA composition of beef muscle may be significantly modified by feeding contrasting dietary lipids, soya vs. linseed. Feeding linseed produced a better balance of muscle fatty acids, more in line with current nutritional recommendations with a lower C18:2 n-6:C18:3 n-3 ratio associated with higher muscle content of C18:3 n-3 and C20:5 n-3 and CLA and lower C20:4 n-6.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.581-587
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• 2013

The amounts of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in relation to dry weight (D.W.) were measured in zooplankton from the large four rivers (Han R., Geum R., Yeongsan R. and Seomjin R.) during 2004~2008. The stoichiometry of total zooplankton in four river systems was highly variable. The ranges of average C, N and P-contents were $70{\sim}620mgC\;mg^{-1}$ D.W., $7.1{\sim}85.5{\mu}gN\;mg^{-1}$ D.W. and $2.5{\sim}7.4{\mu}gP\;mg^{-1}$ D.W., respectively. The mean C :N: P atomic ratios reflected large spatial differences. The C : P and N : P ratios of the zooplankton community ranged from 38 to 392 : 1 and from 4 to 65 : 1 in all sampling sites. Self-Organizing Map (SOM) was applied to the survey data, and the study sites were clearly classified into 3 clusters. Clustering was largely affected by the distribution pattern of C, N, P-contents, which is related with characteristics of river systems on the basis of stoichiometry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.321-324
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• 2018

Recently, the evolution of V2X (Vehicle to Everything) technology is accelerating. In particular, it can be seen that C-V2X (Cellular V2X) technology and services combined with mobile telecommunication network are developing rapidly. However, in Korea, e-Call and emergency communication services are inferior to the developed communication technologies and the proportion of vehicles arriving at Golden Hour is considerably low. Therefore, this paper designed the communication architecture with C-V2X and Android operating systems, and presented ways to improve existing e-Call services using V2N (Vehicle to Nomadic Device) communication based on it.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.604-609
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• 2020

We investigated the influence of rapid thermal annealing on aluminum nitride (AlN) thin film Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) manufactured structures deposited on a 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) wafer using radio frequency sputtering. The Ni/AlN/4H-SiC devices annealed at 400℃ exhibited Schottky barrier diode (SBDs) properties with an on/off current ratio that was approximately 10 times higher than that of the as-deposited device structures and the devices annealed at 600℃ as measured at room temperature. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) measurements revealed that atomic oxygen concentrations in the annealed AlN devices at 400℃, is ascribed to the improvement in on/off ratio and the reduction of on-resistance. Additionally, we investigated the electrical characteristics of the AlN/SiC SBD structures depending on the frequency variation of sound waves.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.219-231
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of feeding of different organic diets (based on fatty acid contents) on CLA and fatty acid concentration of raw milk. Total two hundred and ninety Holstein cows were divided into control, treatment 1 and treatment 2 groups according to the parity and milk yield. Control diet was contained higher C16:00, C18:2 and SFA. Treatment 1 diet was higher in C18:1, C18:2, UFA and treatment 2 diet was higher in MUFA and C18:3 and PUFA. The results indicated that the C16:0 concentration in raw milk was greater in the group of treatment 2 than in control and treatment 1 (p<0.05). The concentration of CLA in treatment 2 was higher compared to treatment 1 and control groups (p<0.05). The ration of n-3/n-6 was higher in treatment 2 group compared with control and treatment 1 (p<0.05). In conclusion, feeding 100% of grass feed for dairy cows increases CLA and n-3 content in milk. From now on, basis on our study, development of functional milk will increase a health of children and old people.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.8-25
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• 1994

The study was conducted to obtain the genetic information on heterosis and combining ability of the quantitative characters for F1 hybrid breeding in silkworms. Six parental varieties and each set of 30 diallel crosses in F1's were used as materials, and bred on the randomized complete block design with three replications. Fourteen characters were observed with the twenty samples in each tray. The data were analyzed for (1) heterosis and combining ability in F1 hybrid. The heterosis in the weight and the length of cocoon showed positively high at 24.51%, and 23.4%, respectively and the weight of the whole cocoon as well as the weight of the whole cocoon layer showed a siginificant heterosis ranging from 15.56% to 15.71% and from 17.14% to 19.01%, but the fifth and the total instar period showed negative heterosis. It was found that the combination between, C70XRomogua and N9 X Romogua showed highly a negative heterosis on the fifth instar period and for the cocoon weight. The female of N9+Sansuian and the male of Romogua X Sansurian have a high heterosis effect, on the cocoon shell weight, and Sansurian X Romogua(reciprocal) on the length and the weight of cocoon filament with no regard to sexuality. The significant maternal and cytoplasmic effect on heterosis of the cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight were observed with the combinations, N9 X C5, N63 X C70 and on the length of the cocoon filament with the combinations, Sansurian X N63, Sansurian X C5, Sansurian X C70 and N9 X C70, N63 X C70 on the weight of cocoon filament. As mean squared of GCA, SCA and RCA were significant with these combining ability for all characters resulted from additive and non-additive altogether and there is a significant difference between reciprocals. Sansurian showed a negative GCA effect on the fifth and total larval duration, but the higher positive GCA effects took places with varieties N9 and C5 on the length, width, weight of cocoon, cocoon shell weight, percentage of cocoon shell weight, length and weight of cocoon filament, percentage of raw-silk with no regard to both generations and silkworm sexuality. The values of SCA between the cross combinations varied generation-wise and sex-wise. It was shown that SCA value for the fifth instar period was highly negative for Sansurian X C70, Romogua X C70, Sansurian X C5, Romogua X C5, but it was positive effect on the cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight with N9 X C5, and C70 X Sansurian, on the length of cocoon filament with N9 X C5, Romogua X Sansurian on the weight of cocoon filament between Romogua and N63 and on the percentage of raw-silk between the combination of Sansurian X Romoga.