• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2011

Slime flounder, Microstomus achne is distributed in the coastal waters of Korea, west sea of Japan, BoHai, Yellow sea and East china sea. They are mainly caught by bottom trawl net during winter, from December to March. Sexual maturation of slime flounder were investigated using samples collected from commercial catch in the southern coast of Korea from November, 2006 to March, 2007. The ovary of the slime flounder is a conical bag in shape and is bilateral structure develops lengthily from the posterior of the abdomen to the end of the anal fin. The testis also is bilateral in structure, usually located in small size in the abdomen. In females, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) were peaked in January (12.46), then decreased rapidly thereafter. Female GSI values plummeted to 2.72 in March just after spawning. Male GSI values were peaked in December (2.46) before in the spawning season, then decreased slowly thereafter. The reproductive cycle would be classified into three successive developmental stages : maturation stage (November to January), ripe and spawning stage (December to February), degenerative and resting stage (February to March). Relationships between the fish sizes in total length (TL) and the number of ovarian eggs (F), the body weights (BW) and the number of ovarian eggs were indicated by the exponential equation respectively: F=29.027TL-767.8 (r$^2$=0.7686), F=0.3998BW+24.288 (r$^2$=0.8919).

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2010

This study investigated the efficiency of mating disrupters for the control of Grapholita molesta(Busck) and Adoxophyes orana in pear orchards. G. molesta was shown 4 peak occurrence, which were different according to treatments. In conventional control, many moths were captured in mid and late April and peaks occurred in mid June, August, and early-mid September. In the non-control treatment, there were low populations in April. A. orana also appeared to 4 peak in 2007. Moths were rarely captured in mating disrupter treatment but many were captured in both the non-control and in conventional treatment. A. orana damage differed significantly between mating disrupter use and conventional control in 2006. Especially, the difference was significant between conventional control and mating disrupter to leaf damage in August, and there were similar results in the damage by G. molesta in the shoots and fruits.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.209-216
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was analyzing the first permanent molars condition that was how catch on general oral health of the children in primary school, to make use of the basic data on dental health policy project for the school oral health. The sampling was done at the primary school in Suncheon. It made a survey on the first permanent molars of 823 person who had attended in March, 2009. By using the WHO standards and Clune's dental health capacity, the conditions of first permanent molars calculated. DMFT index and it's condition of first molars statistically are analyzed by Pearson's correlation. 1. The dental health capacity of the first permanent molars was 92.2%. 2. The DMFS index of first permanent molars was 3.97. 3. The dental health capacity of first permanent molars have related with DMFT index(r= -0.895). 4. DMFS index of the first molars have positive relation with DMFT index(r= 0.902). In this repory, I would like to suggest that the evaluation of dental health project for the school aged children should be considered including the healthy status of the first molars.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.299-305
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• 2016

Despite of the development of medical equipments and technology. Pancreatic cancer has maked high false positive rate and low survival rate compared to other cancers. Therefore, early catch of pancreatic cancer is the only way to enhance the viability. It is important to find the exact location of the pancreas cancer in early stage. The method of optimum scan for early detection of pancreatic cancer on PET/CT exam is proposed. Examined the anatomical region that potentially can be missing from the supine position of ordinary pet/ct exam. The characteristics and usefulness of angle variation ($0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$) of patients scan position is analyzed. The proposed scan method (named JJ-projection) is bringing advantage of anatomical discrimination by separating stomach, liver, gallbladder duodenum and pancreas. ROC curve analysis is shows to advantage of the JJ-Projection method. The sensitivity has increased 4.6% than the supine delay scan method, the results sensitivity has increased from 91% to 95.2%. The specificity has increased from 75.1% to 84%. Compared with the results observed in cancer by biological biopsy, The accuracy has increased from 86.8% to 94.1%.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.301-310
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• 2008

This study was to analyze characteristics of fish compositions and longitudinal distribution, based on trophic and tolerance guild at 22 sampling sites of Yeongsan River watershed during 2003$\sim$2006, and also to compare before and after the estuary dam construction. The collected fishes, based on catch per unit effort (CPUE), were 44 species in the watershed and dominant fishes were Zacco platypus, Acheilognathus macropeterus, Zacco temminckii and Carassius auratus. According to comparative analysis of fish in the non polluted sites (NPS) vs. polluted sites (PS), the number of species and individuals was lower by 70% in the PS than the NPS, indicating ecological degradations by chemical pollutions or/and habitat modifications. The relative abundance of sensitive and insectivore species decreased as the stream order increases, while tolerant and omnivore species increased with the stream order. In this survey, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), which is a top-carnivore and exotic species, may influence trophic guild system throughout active predations on endemic species, resulting in modifications of ecological functions. The construction of estuary dam on Yeongsan River in 1981 resulted in wider lacustrine zone and desalinated through limitation of seawater input. These physical changes have caused increases of lentic dwelling species and limited fish migrations (i.e., eel). Overall, fish fauna and composition analyses showed that the number of species and individuals in this water body may be reduced due to inputs of pollutants from the watershed, habitat modifications, and increases of exotic species (largemouth bass). For these reasons, effective lake management strategies are required for the ecosystem conservation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.371-379
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• 1992

In order to analyse the mesh selectivity for the trawl net, the fishing experiment was carried out by the training ship Saebada in the southern Korea Sea and the East China Sea from June 1991 to August 1992. The trawl net used in experiment has the trouser type of cod-end with cover net, and the mesh selectivity was examined for the five kinds of the opening mesh size in its cod-end part. The selection curves and the selection parameters were calculated by using a logistic function, S=1/(1+exp super(-(aL+b))), and in this case, a and b are the selection parameters and L is the body length of the target species of fishes. In this report, the four species of aquatic animals were analysed because the catch data were enough to calculate normally the selection curves and the selection parameters, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Trachurus japonicus; Selection parameters a and b in each cases of the opening mesh size of 51.2mm, 70.2mm, 77.6mm, 88.0mm and 111.3mm were respectively 0.5050 and -5.4283, 0.3018 and -4.9590, 0.3816 and -7.3659, 0.2695 and -5.7958, 0.2170 and -5.1226. 2. Photololigo edulis ; Selection Parameters a and b in each cases of the former mesh sizes were respectively 0.7394 and -6.1433, 0.3389 and -4.2366, 0.3286 and -5.1002, 0.2543 and -5.0049, 0.1795 and -4.8040. 3. Trichirus lepturus; Selection curves in the opening mesh size of 111.3mm was calculated unnormally. The selection parameters in the other opening mesh sizes were respectively 0.3790 and -5.2891, 0.2071 and -4.9164, 0.1292 and -3.1733, 0.1153 and -3.8497 in the order of former mesh sizes except 111.3mm. 4. Todarodes pacificus ; Selection curve in case of the opening mesh sizes, 70.2mm and 111.3mm were calculated unnormally. In the order cases of the opening mesh sizes, the selection parameters were respectively were 0.5766 and -6.0169, 0.3735 and -5.4633, 0.2771 and -5.7718 in the order of former mesh sizes except 70.2mm and 111.3mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2004

In order to examine the mesh selectivity and optimum mesh size of gill nets for croaker, Milichthys miiuy, the field experiments were carried out during Aug. 10 to 14, 2002 and Aug. 10 to 17, 2003 at the caostal area of Imja-Do, Shinan, Jeonnam province. The experimental fishing gears were used in two set of gill nets, which one set was consisted of 12 sheets of gill nets, and each set was connected alternatively 4 different sheets that were 129mm, 135mm, 144mm and 150mm in mesh size. The analysis of mesh selectivity curve was done by Kitahara's method. The results obtained are summerized as follows : 1. The total number of catch by the experimental fishing of gill nets for croaker was 719, and it was consisted of 526 croakers (73.1%), 168 blue crabs (23.4%), 17 harvest fishes (2.4%) and 8 other fishes (1.1%). 2. The value of maximum 1/m on the mesh selectivity curve was estimated at 6.91. 3. The value of 1/m on the 50% selection range was estimated at 5.62${\sim}$80.3, and the selection width was 2.41. 4. The optimum mesh size of gill nets for croaker was estimated 142mm, and the 50% selection range of total length of croaker was 798${\sim}$1,140mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.57-62
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• 1978

When fisherman use the boat seine net to catch anchovy, a large noise (drum can, small drum and small gong) is used to scare the anchovy school along the wing nets, and into the bag net were they are caught. We want to know how much of an effect these s:mnds have on forceing the anchovy school towards the bag net. The underwater sounds of ancho\'y, drum can, small drum and small gong were analyzed in the labroatory. The behavioral responeses to the playback sounds of anchovy feeding and sounds of artificial instruments were also investigated. The feeding and artificial sounds of the samples were recorded by a tape recorder through a hydrophone in an anechoic aquarium. The sound intensity level was measured by means of a sound level meter in an anechoic chamber. The frequency and intensity of various sounds were analyzed with an analyzing system consisting of a ~-octave filter set, a high speed level recorder, an amplifier and an oscilloscope. The most successful recording was edited into a 9 to 10 second sound track and was repeated in a sequence of 9 to 10 second intervals. The sequence was then reproduced into an anechoic aquarium through the underwater speaker. The results of investigation are as follows; 1. The frequency of the feeding sound was 63~80Hz, and the pressure level produced was less than 32db. 2. The frequencies of the artificial sounds were 315~ 1,OOOHz, and the pressure levels were 88~95 db in the air. 3. When a hydrophone was placed 70cm below the surface with artificial sounds (drum can, small drum and small gong) produced 1 meter above the surface, the pressure level decreased about 30db. 4. The feeding sound was ineffective in attracting the anchovy, because of interference from ambient noise. 5. The artificial sounds had such a small effect on the anchovy's that they could not be used in ocean fisheries.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2000

Field collections were made from six gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) Populations in Kyonggy and Cheju areas during the period 1987∼1997. Characteristics of gypsy moth populations at different phases were examined in terms of egg mass density, relative larval density, plant damage, and fecundity. Males captured in pheromone trap were recorded, and we examined if there was a relationship between numbers captured and the population density during the following generation. Egg mass density was closely related with larval density, and furthermore these densities were correlated with the level of plant damage, indicating that larval dispersion was limited in oviposition areas. The gypsy moth population cycle was short in Korea with the period from population development to innocuous level usually lasting 2∼3 years. Male caught by pheromone trap (mean number of males caught per trap per day in peak emergence period) was positively correlated with egg mass densities in the following season (r²=0.93). A low fecundity was detected from outbreak populations which accompanied defoliation. Fecundity of gypsy moth ranged from 538 to 601 at other phases.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.3239-3245
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• 2014

Background: College students are recommended as the target groups for catch-up human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Systematical exploration of awareness, acceptability, and decision-making factors of HPV vaccination among Chinese college students has been limited. Materials and Methods: A multi-center survey was conducted in mainland China between November 2011 and May 2012. College students aged 18-22 years were stratified by their grade, gender, and major for sampling. Socio-demographic and HPV-related information such as knowledge, perceptions, acceptability, and attitudes were collected through a questionnaire. Results: A total of 3,497 undergraduates completed the questionnaire, among which 1,686 were males. The acceptability of the HPV vaccine was high (70.8%). Undergraduates from high-level universities, at lower grade, or with greater prior knowledge of HPV vaccines showed higher acceptability of HPV vaccination ($p_{trend}$ <0.001). Additionally, undergraduates with vaccination experience outside the National Expanded Program on Immunization (OR=1.29; 95%CI: 1.10-1.51) or fear of HPV-related diseases (OR=2.79; 95%CI: 2.28-3.41) were more willing to accept HPV vaccination. General knowledge of HPV vaccine was low among undergraduates, and safety was a major concern (71.05%). The majority of students wished to pay less than 300RMB for HPV vaccine and chose the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention as the most appropriate venue for vaccination. Conclusions: Although most undergraduates demonstrate positive attitudes towards HPV vaccination, challenges pertaining to introduction exist in China. Corresponding proactive education and governmental subsidy to do so are urgently needed by this age-group population. Suggestions and potential strategies indicated may help shape the future HPV vaccination program in China.