• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.1100-1107
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• 2024

The nuclear waste attributes of near-term deployable SMRs were assessed using established nuclear waste metrics, which are the DU mass, SNF mass, volume, activity, decay heat, radiotoxicity, and decommissioning LLW volumes. Metrics normalized per unit electricity generation were compared to a reference large PWR. Three SMRs, VOYGR, Natrium, and Xe-100, were selected because they represent a range of reactor and fuel technologies and are active designs deployable by the decade's end. The SMR nuclear waste attributes show both some similarities to the PWR and some significant differences caused by reactor-specific design features. The DU mass is equivalent to or slightly higher than the PWR. Back-end waste attributes for SNF disposition vary, but the differences have a limited impact on long-term repository isolation. SMR designs can vary significantly in SNF volume (and thus heat generation density). However, these differences are amenable to design optimization for handling, storage, transportation, and disposal technologies. Nuclear waste attributes from decommissioning vary depending on design and decommissioning technology choices. Given the analysis results in this study and assuming appropriate waste management system and operational optimization, there appear to be no major challenges to managing SMR nuclear wastes compared to the reference PWR.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to assess the perceived importance and satisfaction of domestic tourists who visited Venice, Italy, regarding the attributes of overtourism. Design/methodology/approach - An online survey was conducted to measure the tourist perceived attributes of overtourism from November 8th to 22nd, 2023. Convenience sampling was employed to target study participants who are domestic tourists in Venice, Italy. A total of 127 responses were used for analysis, including frequency analysis, paired-sample t-tests, and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Findings - First, the results of the IPA showed that attributes related to urban facilities and spaces directly associated with travel behavior were highly rated in both importance and satisfaction by tourists. Second, attributes related to carrying capacity were perceived as highly important but had lower satisfaction level. Third, tourists evaluated the management of affordable prices for tourism products as both less important and less satisfying. Lastly, attributes related to the protection of local businesses showed higher satisfaction levels compared to their perceived importance. Research implications or Originality - This study contributes to an extended understanding of overtourism by examining the phenomenon from the tourists' perspective.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.344-353
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to classify dining-out customers' behaviors at ski resorts based on their restaurant selection factors. Data were collected one-on-one via interview questionnaires of 178 customers at the ski resorts. The mean scores of important attributes (4.12) and satisfactory attributes (3.08) for the sport&leisure purpose group were analyzed. For the date&family trip purpose group, the important attributes (4.13) and satisfactory attributes (3.06) were evaluated, resulting in a significant difference between the two visiting-purpose groups by independent t-test (p<0.05). The recognized important attributes for the sport&leisure purpose group were food taste (4.54), hygiene (4.53), menu variety (4.22), menu price (4.15), and convenience (4.12), and the most recognizable satisfactory attributes were related to convenience (3.52), waiting time (3.95), and employee service (3.90). For the date&family trip purpose group, recognized important attributes were hygiene (4.83), food taste (4.67), menu price (4.40), convenient (4.33), menu variety (4.25), waiting time (4.21), and employee service (4.10), and marked satisfactory attributes were convenience (3.65), hygiene (3.31), atmosphere (3.25), employee service (3.23), waiting time (3.17), and food taste (3.00). These results suggest that restaurant selection attributes would be useful tools to restaurant managers in controlling the quality of foodservice and satisfying service requirements for dinning-out customers at ski resorts.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2017

PURPOSES : This study was initiated to estimate the utilities of usage attributes of BRT and Bimodal Trams using a conjoint analysis method in order to identify the important features pertaining to the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams. METHODS : For this purpose, important attributes and those level in the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong were identified. Next, a profile questionnaire pertaining to BRT and Bimodal Trams was designed for the conjoint analysis, and a survey was conducted in the city of Sejong. Using SPSS software, conjoint analysis was performed to identify the important attributes vis-$\acute{a}$-vis the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong. Finally, the utilities for individual attributes were calculated based on the models estimated by the conjoint analysis. RESULTS : The results of the conjoint analysis were used to identify the important attributes. With regard to the usage of BRT, users indicated that fare was the most important attribute with the highest utility. In the case of Bimodal Trams, the users indicated that the number of seats and internal environment were the most important attributes with the highest utilities. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the results of the conjoint analysis, the important attributes pertaining to the use of BRT and Bimodal Trams in the city of Sejong were identified. Our study indicates that BRT in the city of Sejong needs to be upgraded to improve the utilities of the important attributes. Currently, Bimodal Trams has not been introduced completely in the city of Sejong. However, in the future, when the introduction of Bimodal Trams is completed, the important attributes should be emphasized in order to improve the quality of its service.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.775-786
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• 2011

This study examines whether there are differences in the evaluation of clothing products according to self-efficacy in purchasing clothes. A total of 300 surveys were distributed and 231 were used for analysis. The data were analyzed by regression and factor analysis. The results are as follows. First, there were significant differences in the product attributes considered according to self-efficacy in purchasing clothes. The consumers with high self-efficacy considered diverse product attributes comprehensively when making purchase decisions and had significantly higher score in perceived value and post-purchase satisfaction level than the consumers with low self-efficacy. Second, there were differences in the attributes of clothing products that effects perceived value according to self-efficacy in purchasing clothes. The attributes of 'clothes that I like' and 'necessary clothes' had a significant effect on perceived value for both consumers. The attributes of 'design that suits me' and 'inexpensive price' had significant effect on perceived value on consumers with high self-efficacy while the attributes of 'harmony with other clothes' had a significant effect on perceived value for consumers with low self-efficacy. Third, there were differences in product attributes and the perceived value that influenced post-purchase satisfaction level according to self-efficacy in purchasing clothes. The attributes of 'design that suits me' and perceived value had a direct effect on the post-purchase satisfaction level four consumers with a high self-efficacy. For the consumers with low self- efficacy, the attributes of 'clothes I like', 'necessary clothes', and 'design similar to that of usually purchased products' had a direct effect on post-purchase satisfaction level; however, the effect of perceived value was not found.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.24-38
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• 2018

Since a social networking service (SNS) isconsidered as an effective means to communicate and interact with customers, companies are trying to utilize SNS effectively. There is a lack of theory relating to the attributes of SNS. This study aims to investigate the attributes of SNS to classify SNS. Based on the social network theory, and previous studies on internet, blog, homepage, communication attributes, this study proposes the seven attributes to classify SNS: interaction, communication, entertainment, information, sharing, intimacy and connection. A pre-test, a pilot test and a main test are conducted. In the main test, 239 SNS users are participated. Through a factor analysis this study verifies the seven attributes of SNS. An analysis of variance with multiple comparisons of $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ method identifies that three attributes, interaction, communication and connection, are found to play significant roles to differentiate SNS. Looking at the overall mean values of the SNS by attribute, interaction, sharing, entertainment, intimacy and communication were relatively high in Facebook. Facebook showed higher values in attributes of interaction, sharing, entertainment, intimacy and communication. Twitter shows the relatively high scores for information and connection. Regarding interaction, Facebook shows higher scores than Twitter and Cyworld. For connection, Cyworld showed a significantly lower score than Twitter and Facebook. Cyworld was separated from the others in the light of communication. Cyworld is relatively weak in communication as it is limited to the message exchanges. The results will help in identifying major attributes for each SNS and classifying SNS.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.19D no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

As the size of the data warehouse is large, the selection of indices on the data warehouse affects the efficiency of the query processing of the data warehouse. Indices induce the lower query processing cost, but they occupy the large storage areas and induce the index maintenance cost which are accompanied by database updates. The bitmap join indices are well applied when we optimize the star join queries which join a fact table and many dimension tables and the selection on dimension tables in data warehouses. Though the bitmap join indices with the binary representations induce the lower storage cost, the task to select the indexing attributes among the huge candidate attributes which are generated is difficult. The processes of index selection are to reduce the number of candidate attributes to be indexed and then select the indexing attributes. In this paper on bitmap join index selection problem we reduce the number of candidate attributes by the data mining techniques. Compared to the existing techniques which reduce the number of candidate attributes by the frequencies of attributes we consider the frequencies of attributes and the size of dimension tables and the size of the tuples of the dimension tables and the page size of disk. We use the mining of the frequent itemsets as mining techniques and reduce the great number of candidate attributes. We make the bitmap join indices which have the least costs and the least storage area adapted to storage constraints by using the cost functions applied to the bitmap join indices of the candidate attributes. We compare the existing techniques and ours and analyze them in order to evaluate the efficiencies of ours.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2018

Purpose - This research examined the effect of hedonic and utilitarian eating-out motivations on the evaluation of restaurant selection attributes in a fashion premium outlet. Additionally, the influence of experimental and functional attributes on customers' preference for hedonic eating-out motives and utilitarian eating-out motives, and variation of moderating effects through the gender was examined. Research design, data, and methodology - A survey was conducted to verify the established research hypothesis. The questionnaire items for the research were modified to fit the situation of the present study. In order to elaborate the questionnaire, the literature of the previous researchers was reviewed and supplemented. The survey conducted 207 online questionnaires for consumers who have visited domestic fashion premium outlets from July 4, 2017 to July 27, 2017. A total of 207 questionnaires were collected, and a total of 206 questionnaires were used for the empirical analysis after excluding one inappropriate response. In order to verify the reliability and validity of the measured variables, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0. Next, the structural equation model (SEM) statistical method was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Results - Hedonic motivation had more influence on experimental attribute importance than the functional attribute importance of the restaurant. However, this result was different depending on the gender. The effects of hedonic motives on empirical attributes were more influenced by female groups, and when influencing functional attributes, male groups were more influenced. However, it was statistically significant (p <0.05) in the female group only when the hedonic eating out motives influenced empirical attributes. Conclusions - This study analyzed the effect of eating-out motivation on the restaurant preference attributes and suggested practical implications. First, customers with hedonic eating-out motivations were evaluating experiential attributes to be more important than functional attributes. Second, for customers who are motivated to use practical eating-out habits, companies should provide services that meet practical and economic needs. In particular, female customers visiting restaurants need differentiated marketing strategies that make them feel new experiences rather than practical ones. In addition, it is necessary to study more complex and integrated studies which will influence restaurant selection attributes of premium outlets customers by adding various eating out motives and selection attributes.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.723-730
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• 2003

In general, well log and core data have been utilized for reservoir characterization. These well data can provide valuable information on reservoir properties with high vertical resolution at well locations. While the seismic surveys cover large areas of field but give only indirect features about reservoir properties. Therefore it is possible to estimate the reservoir properties guided by seismic data on entire area if a relationship of seismic data and well data can be defined. Seismic attributes calculated from seismic surveys contain the particular reservoir features, so that they should be extracted and used properly according to the purpose of study. The method to select the suitable seismic attributes among enormous ones is needed. The stepwise regression and fuzzy curve analysis based on fuzzy logics are used for selecting the best attributes. The relationship can be utilized to estimate reservoir properties derived from seismic attributes. This methodology is applied to a synthetic seismogram and a sonic log acquired from velocity model. Seismic attributes calculated from the seismic data are reflection strength, instantaneous phase, instantaneous frequency and pseudo sonic logging data as well as seismic trace. The fuzzy curve analysis is used for choosing the best seismic attributes compared to sonic log as well data, so that seismic trace, reflection strength, instantaneous frequency, and pseudo sonic logging data are selected. The relationship between the seismic attribute and well data is found out by the statistical regression method and estimates the reliable well data at a specific field location derived from only seismic attributes. For a future work in this study, the methodology should be checked an applicability of the real fields with more complex and various reservoir features.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.237-254
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze correlation of perceived cosmetics brand apps attributes and use intentions, mediating role of customer satisfaction, and relationship between customer satisfaction and continuous usage intention. Then provide basic data for development management strategy of beauty industry and enhancement of competitiveness corresponding to smart era. Methods: The questionnaires were surveyed by an online company(EMBRAIN). After data collection, frequency analysis was performed on the general attributes of questionnaire survey using SPSS 22.0, and data conclusions were derived by verifying reliability and validity of data and hypotheses. Results: First, perceived cosmetic brand app attributes have a positive effect on customer satisfaction, Second, perceived cosmetic brand app attributes have a positive effect on continuous usage intention. Third, customer satisfaction was found to have a mediating role in the effect of perceived cosmetic brand app attributes on continuous usage intention. Fourth, involvement proved to control the relationship between perceived cosmetic brand app attributes perceived interactivity and customer satisfaction. Finally, Involvement has proven to control the relationship between cosmetic brand app attributes perceived interactivity and continuous usage intention. Conclusion: Consumers buying products from cosmetics brand apps will be more likely to use cosmetics brand apps if they feel comfortable with calculation process, search, booking confirmation and payment methods.