• Title/Summary/Keyword: Buthus

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Study on the effect of Buthus martensi Karsch extract on thrombosis and brian damage (전갈(全蝎) 추출물(抽出物)이 혈전증(血栓症), 전뇌허혈(全腦虛血) 및 뇌세포독성(腦細胞毒性)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Baek, Myung-Hyun;Hwang, Yong-Geun;Jeong, Ji-Cheon;Kang, Jeong-Jun;Kim, Sung-Hoon
    • The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.171-190
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    • 1999
  • This following is effect of Buthus martensi Karsch(BMK) extract on dextran-thrombus model, KCN-induced coma, cytotoxicity of brain etc. BMK extract significantly increased number of platelet and fibrogen and significantly shortened the prothrombin time as compared with control group treated with dextran. BMK extract didn't affect the changes of hematocrit as compared with control group treated with dextran. BMK extract induced a significant inhibition of human platelet aggregation induced by thrombin and ADP but did not affect human platelet aggregation induced by collagen. BMK extract showed a protective effect on pulmonary thrombosis induced by collagen and epinephrine. BMK extract prolonged the duration of KCN-induced coma and showed a protective effect on cytotoxicity of PC12 cells induced by amyloid ${\beta}$ protein(25-35) in a dose dependent manner. These results suggested that BMK extract might be usefully applied for prevention and treatment of thrombosis and brain damage.

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Anti-arthritic Effects of Buthus martensi Karsch Herbal Acupuncture, Inhibiting Interleukin-1-induced Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase and Production of Nitric Oxide in Human Chondrocytes (전갈 약침액의 인체연골세포에서 nitric oxide synthase의 interleukin-1 유도 유전형질 발현과 nitric oxide의 생산의 억제에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Hyun-seok;Kim, Kap-sung
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.104-119
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    • 2003
  • 목적 : 면역억제 작용을 지닌 것으로 알려진 전갈약침(BMK)의 IL-1으로 야기된 1차성 골관절염 인체 연골 세포에 대한 항염증 효과 골 기능 효과에 대해 연구하였다. 방법 : 골관절염 연골에서 채취된 인체 연골세포는 ID-1(2ng/ml)에 의해 처리되어졌으며, IL-1과 BMK($10{\mu}g/ml$)를 함께 처리한 연골세포와 비교하였다. 결과 : IL-1 단독처리된 연골세포에 비해 BMK가 함께 처리된 연골세포에서 연골세포의 손실과 퇴화의 중요한 요소인 NO의 생산량이 의미있게 저하되었다. IL-1단독으로 처리된 연골세포보다 IL-1과 BMK가 함께 처리된 연골세포에서 iNOS mRNA의 단백질 합성이 의미있게 감소하였다. 또한, 전사인자로서의 NF-B의 활성화가 IL-1 단독으로 처리된 연골세포에 비하여 BMK가 함께 처리된 군에서 상대적으로 의미있게 억제되었다. 결론: 이상의 결과를 종합하면 BMK가 인제 골관절염 연골에 있어서 NF-B 활성화에 의존한 IL-1 유도염증의 치료상에 효과적인 반응억제제임을 시사하며, 골 세포의 골 재흡수 활동에 효과적임을 시사한다.

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The antimutagenic effect and genetic safety of Buthus martensi Karsch aqua-acupuncture solution (BMKAS) (전갈(全蝎) 약침액(藥鍼液)의 항돌연변이(抗突然變異) 및 항암(抗癌) 효과(效果))

  • Kim, So-Houng;Kim, Kap-Sung
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.151-167
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    • 2000
  • Objective : The aim of this study is to determine the antimutagenic effect and genetic safety of Buthus martensi Karsch aqua-acupuncture solution(BMKAS) against various chemical carcinogens. Method : Ames(Salmonella typhimurium) test and Rec assay(Bacillus subtilis) were used as indicators for DNA damage and antimutagenesis. Furthermore, the levels of umu operon expression by measuring the ${\beta}$-galactosidase activity wete monitored with the SOS umu test using S. typhimurium 1535 containing plasmid pSK1002. And the host-mediated assay was used to investigate the mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of BMKAS inducing various chemical carcinogens after the activation with in vivo metabolic systems. Results : From the results, BMKAS did not atfect DNA of S. typhimurium and B. subtilis strains and showed no mutagenicity at the all concentrations of tested solution. Furthermore BMKAS dose-dependently protected the mutagenecity by AF-2, 2-AA and B[a]P. These phenomena was also similar to that after metabolic activation of BMKAS in in vivo system. Conclusion : These results suggested that BMKAS did not show the mutagenicity and protected the mutagenesis against various chemical carcinogens by four different methods used in this study.

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Genomic Sequence Analysis and Organization of BmKαTx11 and BmKαTx15 from Buthus martensii Karsch: Molecular Evolution of α-toxin genes

  • Xu, Xiuling;Cao, Zhijian;Sheng, Jiqun;Wu, Wenlan;Luo, Feng;Sha, Yonggang;Mao, Xin;Liu, Hui;Jiang, Dahe;Li, Wenxin
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.386-390
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    • 2005
  • Based on the reported cDNA sequences of $BmK{\alpha}Txs$, the genes encoding toxin $BmK{\alpha}Tx11$ and $BmK{\alpha}Tx15$ were amplified by PCR from the Chinese scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch genomic DNA employing synthetic oligonucleotides. Sequences analysis of nucleotide showed that an intron about 500 bp length interrupts signal peptide coding regions of $BmK{\alpha}Tx11$ and $BmK{\alpha}Tx15$. Using cDNA sequence of $BmK{\alpha}Tx11$ as probe, southern hybridization of BmK genome total DNA was performed. The result indicates that $BmK{\alpha}Tx11$ is multicopy genes or belongs to multiple gene family with high homology genes. The similarity of $BmK{\alpha}$-toxin gene sequences and southern hybridization revealed the evolution trace of $BmK{\alpha}$-toxins: $BmK{\alpha}$-toxin genes evolve from a common progenitor, and the genes diversity is associated with a process of locus duplication and gene divergence.

Traditional Chinese Medicine in treatment of Tic disorder (소아(小兒) 틱장애에 대한 최근(最近) 치료(治療) 동향(動向))

  • Lee, Iyun-Shil;Yoon, Ji-Yeon;Han, Jae-Kyung;Kim, Yun-Hee
    • Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.91-104
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    • 2013
  • Objective : This study was designed to analyze the clinical studies on Tic disorder in traditional Korean medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Methods : To figure out the Tic disorder, Korean medical studies from Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS) and Chinese Medical Journals from Wangfang data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) which published in 2008 to 2012 were analyzed. Results & Conclusions : 1. DSM-IV(7 studies), CCMD(3 studies) were frequently used in the diagnosis of tic disorder. 2. The herbs used for the treatment of tic disorder are Uncariae ramulus et Uncus(釣鉤藤), Paeoniae Radix Alba(白芍藥), Poria(白茯苓), Buthus martensi Karsch(全蝎) etc. 3. Acupuncture points frequently used were Paek'oe(GV20), Pungji(GB20), Naegwan(PC6), Sasinchong(EX-HN1), T'aech'ung(LR3), Joksamni(ST36), Hapgok(LI4) and so on. 4. The cause of Tic disorder is connected with liver, heart, spleen, kidney, gall bladder among the internal organs and Fire(火), Wind(風), Dampness(濕) of external causes.

Effects of Insect Crude Drugs on Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis System

  • Ahn, Mi-Young;Hahn, Bum-Soo;Ryu, Kang-Sun;Cho, Sung-Ig
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.66-70
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    • 2002
  • The in vitro anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities of crude extracts from insects were evaluated in order to find effective therapeutic drugs for the treatment of myocardial and cerebral thrombosis. We prepared three types of extracts (water, methanol and ethylacetate) from 28 insects for use as raw materials for the activity assays. The fibrinolytic activity was tested using the fibrin plate method and the activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time were measured for blood clotting activity. With regards to the fibrinolytic system, water extracts of six kinds of insects displayed a remarkable level of activity with a plasmin-like action. The water extracts of [Catharsius molossus, Eupolyphaga sinensis, Huechys sanguinea, Mantidis $o\ddot{o}theca$, Mimela splendens, and Polistes mandarinus (Vespae Nidus)] exhibited the activity. On the other hand, the methanol extracts did not display any fibrinolytic activity. In terms of the coagulation system, an aqueous extract of silkworm Tongchunghacho (Paecilomyces japonica), Oxya japonica japonica and Buthus martensi (Scorpion) increased the clotting time significantly longer (181 times) than the control. These results suggest that crude drugs from insects are useful sources for the development of new drugs for use in treatments involving blood coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Soluble expression, purification and the role of C-terminal glycine residues in scorpion toxin BmK AGP-SYPU2

  • Zhang, Rong;Cui, Yong;Zhang, Xi;Yang, Zhuo;Zhao, Yongshan;Song, Yong-Bo;Wu, Chunfu;Zhang, Jinghai
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.43 no.12
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    • pp.801-806
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    • 2010
  • The existence of glycine residues in long-chain scorpion toxins has been well documented. However, their role as analgesics has not been evaluated. To address this issue, we investigated the functional role of glycines in the C-terminal end of Chinese-scorpion toxin from Buthus martensii Karsch (BmK AGP-SYPU2) using site-directed mutagenesis and analgesic activity assays. Recombinant BmK AGP-SYPU2 and its mutants were efficiently expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity using immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) and cation exchange chromatography. The mouse-twisting test was used to detect the analgesic activity of BmK AGP-SYPU2 and its mutants. As a result, we identified glycines at the C-terminal end that, when altered, significantly affected analgesic activity. Also, Mut6566 was significantly decreased compared to BmK AGP-SYPU2. These data indicate that the glycines at the C-terminal end are important for the analgesic activity of BmK AGP-SYPU2.

The Anti-obesity Effects of Gambi-hwan Extract on Obese Rats Induced by High-fat Diet through the Expression of UCP-1 and PPAR-${\delta}$

  • Lee, Beom-Joon;Ryu, Jae-Hwan;Kim, Jae-Wan;Park, Jong-Hun;Park, Jae-Woo
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.136-147
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    • 2007
  • Objective : Recently there are a lot of attempts to treat obesity through energy expenditure. Especially UCP-1 and PPAR-${\delta}$ is known to play a key role for energy dissipation through the increasing thermogenesis. Gambi-hwan extract is a traditional medicine made of herbs containing the polyunsaturate fatty acids related to the energy expenditure. It is expected to reduce the weight by means of the expression of UCP-1 and PPAR-${\delta}$. Meterial and Method : We divided 21 rats into 3 groups and assigned 8 rats respectively. The normal group was administered normal diet, the control group was administered high-fat diet, and the G50 group was administered high-fat diet with Gambi-hwan extracts50 mg/kg. And then the weights of body, food intake, the changes of lipids in blood stream, and the expressions of UCP-1 and PPAR-${\delta}$ on adipose tissues were measured respectively. Result : The reduction of body weight and the increasing tendency of expression of UCP-1 and PPAR-${\delta}$ mRNA were shown in G50 group. In the G50 group the Triglyceride level is decreased and the HDL-cholesterol level and the expression of PPAR-${\delta}$ and UCP-1 protein on Visceral adipose tissue were significantly increased. Conclusion : This result indicates that Gambi-hwan Extract upregulate the expression of UCP-1 and PPAR-${\delta}$ in adipose tissue, which may contribute to reducing the weight of adipose tissue.

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Research Trends on the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis in Korean Medicine (퇴행성 슬관절염의 한의학적 치료에 관한 연구동향)

  • Yoh, Sang-Bum;Sul, Jae-Uk;Shin, Mi-Sook
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.139-155
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    • 2011
  • Objectives : To research trends of studies on treatments of knee osteoarthritis in Korean medicine. Methods : Domestic theses, published from 2000 to 2010, mentioning the treatments of knee osteoarthritis in Korean medicine were reviewed and analyzed. This study researched 79 theses and classified again according to the fields of the treatment. Results : The results were obtained as below ; 1. Studies on pharmacoacupuncture account for 41% of the total (32cases/79cases). The target of treatments had changed from pain alleviation and anti-inflammation to cartilage-protection since 2006. 2. Herbal Drug, Bee Venom, Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmacoacupuncture, Taping Therapy and Tai-Chi Exercise program were more effective than others. Moreover research on exercise program such as Tai-Chi has been increasing. 3. Some Herbal Drug (Glycyrrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Achyrantis Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Eucommiae Cortex and so on) were mainly used to investigate the effect on cartilage protection, pain relief and anti-inflammation in laboratory test. 4. Acupuncture including individualized, local acupoints and constitution acupuncture were effective than others in pain alleviation and symptom relief. 5. Pharmacoacupuncture Bee Venom were effective in recovery of joint function and pain relief while Buthus martensii Karsch, Homnis Placenta and Cervi Cornu Parvum were effective in cartilage protection and recovery. 6. Moxibustion was efficient to reduce joint pain and partly increase ROM (range of motion) of knee joint, but was not efficient to recover the function of knee joint. Conclusions : These results indicate that research trends on knee osteoarthritis were changed from symptomatic treatment (pain alleviation and anti-inflammation) to conservative treatment (cartilage protection and recovery).

Effect of Geijibokryunghwan and each constituent herb on inhibition of platelet aggregation (계지복령환(桂枝茯笭丸) 및 그 구성약물(構成藥物)의 혈소판응집억제(血小板凝集抑制)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Jong-Goo;Park, Sun-Dong;Park, Won-Hwan
    • The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.115-129
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    • 2000
  • The cause that the increase of animality fat intakes, under exercise, fatness, adding the stress, advanced age etc., the occurrence rate of the circulation system disease has been increased. And the thrombosis importantly came to the front as the risk factor of these circulation system's disease. Nowadays, the ischemic disease has especially discussed, for example the angina or myocardial infarction, originated in thrombosis that came from the platelet aggregation. In the western medicine, as the cure and prevention, using the aspirin or ticlopidine for platelet aggregation suppressant. But in the , the curing method must be used properly according to the pectoralgia or heartache's kind, state, grade. The platelet do not attache to the normal hemangioendothelial cell. But when it stimulated by endothelium peronia and so on, it attache to the injury endothelium or rise aggregation between the platelet. On this time, it secrete the platelet aggregation inducer as like ADP, thromboxane A2 from the inside of platelet. So it has first defensive function through the aggregation augment that prevent the celerity consumption of blood. But the activation of abnormal platelet occur the platelet grume and thrombogenesis. So it bring up the occlusive angiosis, so to speak, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, arterial sclerosis. In oriental medicine, the thrombosis in the category of blood stasis and this blood stasis present the generalise or local blood circulation disturbance that generated by all kinds of pathological fact or blood stream retention accompanying with a series of syndrome. As the syndrome, stabbing pain fixed at certain region, squamous and dry skin, fullness and pain of the chest and hypochondrium, firmness and fullness of the lower abdomen, black stool, dark purple tongue or with ecchymoses and petechiae etc.. has been created. And it becomes the pathopoiesis cause that the convulsion and palpitation, severe palpitatiion, tympanites, the symtom complex with a mass or swelling in the abdomen, insanity, stricken by wind etc.. Moreover, it used the drugs for invigorating blood circulation and eliminating blood stasis or drugs for removing blood stasis for all kinds of syndrome through the blood stasis. And the drugs for activating the blood circulation, such as Salviae Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Persicae Semen, Achyranthis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Carthami Flos are used for that. And it is used to the herbs of insects that has strong effect about the disintergrating blood stasis such as Hirudo, Scolopendrae Corpus, Buthus, Lumbricus etc.. On this study, It used Geijibokryunghwan(GBH) and the consisting herbs to investigate the influence of platelet aggregation about drugs that used to improvement various symptoms created by the thrombosis in oriental medicine. GBH formula has as formula recorded in the , action of 'eleminating the evil and not impairment of healthy energy' and 'promoting the flow of QI and cold and heat, so used for the expel blood stasis herbs from the ancient. Therefore we investigated the restraint effect of GBH and the consisting herbs about the platelet agregation induced to the ADP, AA or collagen. The conclusion is following. 1. When it added the aggregation inducer after that it added GBH and individual consisting herbs in the PRP, GBH showed the (+) inhibition effect on the platelet aggregation and it showed the (+) inhibition effect in the individual consisting herbs as like Paeoniae Radix and Moutan Cortex Radicis. 2. It showed the (+), (+,++) inhibition effect on the platelet aggregation in Paeoniae Radix Hoelen, Paeoniae Radix Moutan Cortex Radicis, Hoelen Moutan Cortex Radicis etc. 3. In the aggregation inhibition activating on the difference of density, GBH showed strong inhibition effect to the aggregation state induced to collagen, and it showed the inhibition effect in the individual consisting herbs as like Paeoniae Radix and Moutan Cortex Radicis about the aggregation induced by the collagen. 4. It showed the strong inhibition effect about the aggregation induced by the collagen in Paeoniae Radix Hoelen, Paeoniae Radix Moutan Cortex Radicis, Hoelen Moutan Cortex Radicis etc Like this, as confirm GBH and the individual consisting herb's inhibition effect of platelet aggregation, We considerated that GBH and the individual consisting herbs have practical applicational value of clinical trial in the thrombosis caused by platelet aggregation.

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