• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.144-154
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to consider the characteristics of character's body-image throughout the on-line games and with this study we researched the symbolic meaning reflected by the character's body-images throughout the fashion. The characteristics of the body-images presented in modern fashion is expressed in 4 features on Lineage II game. First, it adopts the ways in which modern fashion expresses the erotic image and represents various sexual stimulation, which can not be represented in the real world, in cyberspace. Second, it expresses the beauty and taste in sensitivity by exchanging the items, which are the features of body-image, each other as the neutral body-image and pursuits for the double side feature between males and females by dismantling the point of view to sex. Third, it shows the new value system different from the existing one by using extraordinary items and materials that you've never seen in real fashion as the abnormal body-image expressed in informal and inaccurate principal of deformation. Fourth, it show the body with the items which induces more interest and curiosity than the real world do as the humorous body-image accompanying with childish amusement and pleasure.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 1994

This paper is to survey the major results of the game-theoretic models and recent research directions of the literature on auctions and competitive biddings. This paper classifies the auctions and competitive biddings into the following four major types:(i) English auction, (ii) Dutch auction, (iii) the first-price sealed-bid auction, (iv) the second-price sealed-bid auction. In order to survey the major ideas related to auctions and competitive biddings, we use two representative theoretical models developed under the game-theoretic framework : (i) the independent private value model are summarized as follows ; (1) The Dutch auction and the first-price auction are strategically equivalent, and so are the English auction and the second-price auction. (2) At the symmetric equilibria, the expected selling price is the same for all four types of auction. Meanwhile, the major results of the general model are as follows ; (1) When bidders are uncertain about their value extimate, the English and second-price auctions are not equivalent, but the dutch and the first-price auctions are still strategically equivalent. (2) The English auction generates the higher expected prices than the second-price auction. Also, when bidders are risk-neutral, the second-price auction generated higher average prices than the Dutch and the first-price auctions.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2018

This study is to analyze the difference of satisfaction according to the usage motivation of Live video streaming and characteristics of the adopter(early adopters, late adopters). For this purpose, we conducted a survey of 283 people in the age of 10~30 using AfreecaTV. As a result of the study, users spending daily hours on watching Afreeca TV showed a positive effect on the usage motivation. It shows only one difference in education level between the demographic characteristics, based on the adopter characteristics. Also the differences in the satisfaction factors were found to be habits, communication, entertainment accessibility in the early adopters and accessibility, credibility, habits, accessibility were significant influences on the late adopters.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2019

This study examines the normalization of Korean GM management between the Korean government and GM in terms of external negotiation game and internal negotiation game using Putnam's Two-Level Games. In addition, GM's Win-set change and negotiation strategy were analyzed. This analysis suggested implications for the optimal negotiation strategy for mutual cooperation between multinational corporations and local governments in the global business environment. First, the negotiation strategy for Korea's normalization of GM management in Korea can be shifted to both the concession theory and the opposition theory depending on the situation change and the government policy centered on the cautious theory. Second, GM will maximize its bargaining power through 'brink-end tactics' by utilizing the fact that the labor market is stabilized, which is the biggest weakness of the Korean government, while maintaining a typical Win-set reduction strategy. GM will be able to restructure at any time in terms of global management strategy, and if the financial support of the Korean government is provided, it will maintain the local factory but withdraw the local plant at the moment of stopping the support. In negotiations on the normalization of GM management in Korea, it is necessary to prepare a problem and countermeasures for various scenarios and to maintain a balance so that the policy does not deviate to any one side.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.77-90
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• 2021

Online and mobile games represent digital entertainment. Not only the game grows fast, but also it has been noted for unique business models such as a subscription revenue model and free-to-play with partial payment. But, a recent revenue mechanism, called a loot-box system, has been criticized due to overspending, weak protection to teenagers, and more over gambling-like features. Policy makers and research communities have counted on expert opinions, review boards, and temporal survey studies to build countermeasures to minimize negative effects of online and mobile games. In this process, speed was not seriously considered. In this study, we attempt to use a big data source to find a way of observing a trend for policy makers and researchers. Specifically, we tried to apply the Word2Vec data mining algorithm to news repositories. From the findings, we acknowledged that the suggested design would be effective in lightening issues timely and precisely. This study contributes to digital entertainment service communities by providing a practical method to follow up trends; thus, helping practitioners have concrete grounds for balancing public concerns and business purposes.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.31-39
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• 2011

This paper attempts to extend such analysis to the rather more difficult problem of optimal management of transnational fish stocks jointly owned by two countries. Transboundary fish such as Mackerel creates an incentive to harvest fish before a competitor does and leads to over-exploitation. This tendency is especially poignant for transnational stocks since, in the absence of an enforceable, international agreement, there is little or no reason for either government or the fishing industry to promote resource conservation and economic efficiency. In the current paper I examine a game theoretic setting in which cooperative management can provide more benefits than noncooperative management. A dynamic model of Mackerel fishery is combined with Nash's theory of two countries cooperative games. A characteristic function game approach is applied to describe the sharing of the surplus benefits from cooperation and noncooperation. A bioeconomic model was used to compare the economic yield of the optimal strategies for two countries, under joint maximization of net benefits in joint ocean. The results suggest as follows. First, the threat points represent the net benefits for two countries in absence of cooperation. The net benefits to Korea and China in threat points are 2,000 billion won(${\pi}^0_{KO}$) and 1,130 billion won(${\pi}^0_{CH}$). Total benefits are 3,130 billion won. Second, if two countries cooperate one with another, they reach the solution payoffs such as Pareto efficient. The net benefits to Korea and China in Pareto efficient are 2,785 billion won(${\pi}^0_{KO}$) and 1,605 billion won(${\pi}^0_{CH}$) or total benefits of 4,390 billion won : a gain of 1,260 billion won. Third, the different price effects under the two scenarios show that total benefit rise as price increases.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.535-540
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• 2014

Due to the recent popularity of sports, business items which combine IT technologies with sports have appeared. 'Sportainment' which combines the elements of sports and entertainment have a lot of potential and development as new business items in the view of overcoming many limitations such as time and place in real sports. For suggesting a baseball simulation game 'sportainment', this paper is to review the technologies in the existing indoor baseball ranges and to provide the possibility of indoor baseball simulation using various sensor technologies. This baseball simulation game is expected to develop as one of successful indoor 'sportainment' businesses such as Golfzon.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.49-65
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• 2018

The main purpose of this study is to explain fishery relation in the seas surrounding Korea and how the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD), within game theory is applied to the region and suggest possible co-operative approaches in the region. The seas surrounding Korea are very productive fishing grounds with abundant fisheries resources because of the favourable marine environment, including its geographical features and physical oceanography. Nevertheless, Fishery relations among the coastal states in the region have been historically characterized by conflict rather than co-operation. Based on the PD game where there is always an incentive to do better by not co-operating, in order to ensure a share of the short-run benefits, fishing countries in the region have so far pursued the non-co-operative strategy of 'don't fish responsibly' rather than the co-operative strategy of 'fish responsibly'. Considering rapidly deteriorating situations in terms of fishery resources, regional co-operation among coastal states is urgently required to eliminate overfishing and increase fish stocks to sustainable levels. The West Sea/East China Sea and the East Sea, semi-enclosed seas, have unitary ecosystems, and many migratory fish species are shared between coastal states. Therefore, one countries' efforts alone cannot effectively manage and conserve the fishery resources and close co-operation among coastal states is required. The 1982 UN Convention and other international instruments emphasize the role of RFOs in managing and conserving capture fisheries and encourage states to establish Regional Fishery organizations (RFOs) or strengthen existing RFOs to facilitate conservation and management for fish stocks. Therefore, an international regime is worthy of serious consideration in that it provides fundamental advantages for the conservation of fish stocks for the fishery characteristic of the region.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5769-5775
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• 2014

This paper reports the political supporting platform, and the outcome evaluation model, which was developed for the Korean on-line game companies that have started to go abroad to publish their games. When they begin to sell their games, they have many difficulties in promoting in other countries including the USA & EU. They try to find solutions to solve these problems, but on-line games still do not have a successful business model because of their unique attributes and environmental features, even though they spent a lot of money and time to enter the international on line game market. Thus far, the local on-line game supporting policy has tried to improve the world competitiveness of local companies by doing diverse activities, such as Global Service Platform(GSP) service, international game competition, and globalization, marketing. On the other hand, there has been only a small number of fruitful results except for GSP. Therefore, in this paper, the result of GSP was verified using the Global on-line game Supporting Chain Model(GoGSCM), which is the new political supporting and evaluation model through survey targeting GSP participations. As a result, GSP was evaluated based on the compatibility, efficiency, effectiveness, and continuity.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.109-119
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• 2012

MMORPG online game business has emerged as the most lucrative entertainment industry, with over 10 million gamers in South Korea. It appears that in this extremely attractive and growing services segment, academics, as well as practitioners, would benefit from investigating the relationships among the players' attachment or affection, game contents-related and social interaction-related construct. We assume that game contents-related construct consists of storytelling, game-play method, contents-diversity and the sense of identification, and that social interaction-related construct includes information-sharing, gamers' empowerment and the word-of-mouth. Based on data collected from online questionnaire survey, the validity of the research model has been tested. The results show that contents-related construct influences the players' attachment, and that social interaction-related construct has no direct impact on the attachment. But social interaction-related construct has been shown to influence contents-related construct, implying the indirect impact on the players' attachment.