• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.267-270
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• 2005

Referred pain is not localized to the site of its cause, but referred to an area that may be an adjacent distant from such a site. With respect to this, there is the possibility of misdiagnosis in the treatment of referred pain patient. We experienced a case of a 31-years-old male patient complaining of right shoulder pain, which subsided after a bursa injection. The patient revisited our clinic after 3 weeks complaining not only of right shoulder pain, but also of right upper quadrant pain and fever. He was diagnosed as having a liver abscess by an imaging study.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.955-971
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• 2014

Large post-buckling behavior of Timoshenko beams subjected to non-follower axial compression loads are studied in this paper by using the total Lagrangian Timoshenko beam element approximation. Two types of support conditions for the beams are considered. In the case of beams subjected to compression loads, load rise causes compressible forces end therefore buckling and post-buckling phenomena occurs. It is known that post-buckling problems are geometrically nonlinear problems. The considered highly non-linear problem is solved considering full geometric non-linearity by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. There is no restriction on the magnitudes of deflections and rotations in contradistinction to von-Karman strain displacement relations of the beam. The beams considered in numerical examples are made of lower-Carbon Steel. In the study, the relationships between deflections, rotational angles, critical buckling loads, post-buckling configuration, Cauchy stress of the beams and load rising are illustrated in detail in post-buckling case.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.567-576
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• 2018

The objective of this work is to analyze large deflections of a fiber reinforced composite cantilever beam under point loads. In the solution of the problem, finite element method is used in conjunction with two dimensional (2-D) continuum model. It is known that large deflection problems are geometrically nonlinear problems. The considered non-linear problem is solved considering the total Lagrangian approach with Newton-Raphson iteration method. In the numerical results, the effects of the volume fraction and orientation angles of the fibre on the large deflections of the composite beam are examined and discussed. Also, the difference between the geometrically linear and nonlinear analysis of fiber reinforced composite beam is investigated in detail.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제67권4호
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• pp.337-346
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate thermal post-buckling analysis of a laminated composite beam subjected under uniform temperature rising with temperature dependent physical properties. The beam is pinned at both ends and immovable ends. Under temperature rising, thermal buckling and post-buckling phenomena occurs with immovable ends of the beam. In the nonlinear kinematic model of the post-buckling problem, total Lagrangian approach is used in conjunction with the Timoshenko beam theory. Also, material properties of the laminated composite beam are temperature dependent: that is the coefficients of the governing equations are not constant. In the solution of the nonlinear problem, incremental displacement-based finite element method is used with Newton-Raphson iteration method. The effects of the fibber orientation angles, the stacking sequence of laminates and temperature rising on the post-buckling deflections, configurations and critical buckling temperatures of the composite laminated beam are illustrated and discussed in the numerical results. Also, the differences between temperature dependent and independent physical properties are investigated for post-buckling responses of laminated composite beams.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.729-737
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• 2020

The goal of this study is to investigate dynamic responses of laminated composite beams under a moving load with thermal effects. The governing equations of problem are derived by using the Lagrange procedure. The transverse-shear strain and rotary inertia are considered within the Timoshenko beam theory. The material properties of laminas are considered as the temperature dependent physical property. The differential equations of the problem are solved by the Ritz method. The solution step of dynamic problem, the Newmark average acceleration method is used in the time history. A compassion study is performed for accuracy of used formulations and method. In the numerical results, the effects of velocity of moving load, temperature values, the fiber orientation angles and the stacking sequence of laminas on the dynamic responses of the composite laminated beam are investigated.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2017

In this work, four circulant and quadratic double circulant (QDC) constructions are applied to the family of the rings $R_{k,m}$. Self-dual binary codes are obtained as the Gray images of self-dual QDC codes over $R_{k,m}$. Extremal binary self-dual codes of length 64 are obtained as Gray images of ${\lambda}-four$ circulant codes over $R_{2,1}$ and $R_{2,2}$. Extremal binary self-dual codes of lengths 66 and 68 are constructed by applying extension theorems to the ${\mathbb{F}}_2$ and $R_{2,1}$ images of these codes. More precisely, 10 new codes of length 66 and 39 new codes of length 68 are discovered. The codes with these weight enumerators are constructed for the first time in literature. The results are tabulated.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.775-793
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• 2016

This paper presents a numerical method for estimating the curvature, deflection and moment capacity of FRP-reinforced concrete encased steel composite beams (FRP-RCS). A sectional analysis is first carried out to predict the moment-curvature relationship from which beam deflection and moment capacity are then calculated. Comparisons between theoretical and experimental results of tests conducted elsewhere show that the proposed numerical technique can accurately predict moment capacity and deflection of FRP-RCS composite beam. The numerical results also indicated that beam ductility and stiffness are improved when encased steel is added to FRP reinforced concrete beams. ACI, ISIS and Bischoff models for deflection prediction compared well at low load, however, significantly underestimated the experimental results for high load levels.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2002

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon benign lesion characterized by metaplastic cartilage formation within the synovial connective tissue, usually intraarticular, commonly affects the knee, hip and elbow. An extraarticular lesion is rare, most often seen in a synovial sheath and bursa of the hand or foot. We present a case of extraarticular synovial chondromatosis in the left ankle, originated from the FHL tendon sheath of a 31 year-old-female diagnosed by a radiography, MRI confirmed histopathologically.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.203-215
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• 1998

The weed vegetion of the rice fields in south Korea was researched in terms of syntaxonomy and synecology. Total 186 releves were analyzed by the Zurich-Montpellier school's method. 10 syntaxa were recognized: Stellario-Alopecuretum amurensis ass. nov. hoc loco, Alopecuro-Ranunculetum scelerati Miyawaki et Okuda 1972, Hemistepto-Capsellietum bursa-pastoriae ass. nov. hoc loco, Oryza sativa-Echinochloa crusgalli community, Sagittario-Monochorietum plantaginea Miyawaki 1960, Cyperus iria community, Hyperico-Juncetum decipiens ass. nov. hoc. loco, Spirodela-Lemna paucicostata community, Lemno-Salvinetum natans Miyawaki et J. Tuxen 1960. The Oryzo-Echinochloion oryzoides Bolos et Masclans 1955 and the Alopecurion amurensis Miyawaki et Okuda 1972 are representative of the summer annual plant community and the winter annual plant community. It was emphasized that syntaxonomical and synecological study on the ruderal and segetal weed vegetation in Korea should be accomplished in consideration of bioclimatic condition of summer monsoon climate of Korean Peninsula.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.151-171
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• 2013

The current paper presents the numerical blind prediction of nonlinear seismic response of two full-scale, three dimensional, one-story reinforced concrete structures subjected to bidirectional earthquake simulations on shaking table. Simulations were carried out at the laboratories of LNEC (Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil) in Lisbon, Portugal. The study was motivated by participation in the blind prediction contest of shaking table tests, organized by the challenge committee of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. The test specimens, geometrically identical, designed for low and high ductility levels, were subjected to subsequent earthquake motions of increasing intensity. Three dimensional nonlinear analytical models were implemented and subjected to the input base motions. Reasonably accurate reproduction of the measured displacement response was obtained through appropriate modeling. The goodness of fit between analytical and measured results depended on the details of the analytical models.