• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.148-156
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• 1995

The past approach to burn-in optimization have been focused mainly in cost minimization problem during entire product life cycle. But in the case of practical application, burn-in optimization under reliability restriction might be preferred to burn-in optimization by cost minimization. Accordingly this paper shows real examples which estimate the practical burn-in period through application of heuristic method and select the best reliability model through comparison of reliability performance measures.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.104-117
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report that Korean Medicine treatment is effective in treating pain in burn patients. Results : We effectively reduced the pain that occurred after the end of the burn treatment through Korean Medicine such as multiple acupuncture, cupping, Sugi therapy, and external salve. VAS(Visual Analog Scale) values were reduced from 8 to 2 after about 23 days of treatment. Conclusions : This report shows that there was no special effect on dermatology treatment for pain that occurred after the end of treatment of burn patient, but it can also be excellent through Korean Medicine alone. It's only one case, so it cannot be determined that Korean Medicine for a burn is excellent. but if more excellent burn treatment of Korean Medicine is reported continuously, it will prove its validity. Therefore, it is hoped that more case reports and studies on burn treatments will be done in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Burn Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.37-41
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of Procalcitonin (PCT) as a predictor of mortality in patients with burn sepsis, which is closely related to mortality. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 912 PCT patients diagnosed with burn sepsis in patients who survived fluid resuscitation for at least 3 days, aged 18 years or older who were admitted to Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) of Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital from January 2008 to December 2018. Results: Compared with the surviving group, TBSA (31%:65%), Inhalation (59.66%:74.23%) and ABSI (8 points:12 points) were statistically significantly higher in the death group. Looking at the changes in PCT levels in each survival and death group from Week 1 to Week 4, there was a statistically significant difference in PCT levels in the survival and death groups each week (P<0.001). Although there were statistical differences between the survival and death groups in each state (P<0.001), there was no difference in PCT values for each state in both groups (P=0.090). Conclusion: In burn patients suspected of sepsis, the use of PCT is useful for predicting survival and death. It is necessary to conduct research based on prospective study through systematization of measurement standards and data from multiple institutions to increase the utilization of PCT through research that complements the limitations.

• Journal of the Korean Burn Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.58-65
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• 2019

Wound caused by high-tension electrical burns is difficult to manage because the wound is deep and complex. The wound is progressively necrotic due to microvascular injury resulting in deep tissue exposure. So, coverage of the wound at the entry point and the exit point is cumbersome, often requiring flap coverage. We experienced a case of one patient for peroneal artery perforator free flap coverage on the palm of the right hand of the entry point of electrical burn. The left foot wound of electrical exit point was covered by full thickness skin graft. Also a small wound was on the left side of the lower back was the exit point of electrical burn. The lower back wound was healed and recurred repeatedly after burn. On postburn day 6 month, through the radiologic exam, metal shadow was identified in the left gluteus muscle forming chronic sinus. We explored the wound of sinus and a foreign body was identified in the sac as multi braid wires thin as hair. According to the patient's past history, we suspected that the back wound was caused by electrical burn injury through the wires.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 1996

In vivo and in vitro skin permeation of $recombinant^{125}$ I-EGF through normal, stripped and the first degree burn skin were studied. The in vitro skin permeation rate through the first degree burn skin $(296\;cpm/cm^2/hr)$ and the stripped skin $(1131\;cpm/cm^2/hr)$ were 3.5 times and 13 times higher, respectively, as compared with the one through normal skin. In vivo absorption study with the first degree burn skin, the peak concentration of EGF in the skin was achieved at 1-3 hr and decreased afterward up to 8 hr with an elimination constant of $1.31{\times}10^{-3}\;g/ml/hr$. To investigate the higher elimination rate of EGF in burn skin, binding and metabolism studies were conducted. No significant metabolism of EGF in burn skin $(100^{\circ}C,\;5-second\;burning)$ was observed. With the presence or unlabelled-EGF $^{125}I-EGF$ permeation through the burn skin showed higher permeation rate than the one without unlabelled-EGF. The result nay indicate that EGF-receptor binding play a role in determining the skin permeation rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.88-91
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• 2001

New type of vehicles made from thin aluminum alloy are under rapid development and some product are already on the market, but when welding sheet metal joint of aluminum alloy, the main problem are burn-through by the high heat input. The purpose of this study, it is to prevent the burn-through and to shallow penetration that AC pulse welding has diminish the penetration and to lower the droplet temperature at Al sheet metal welding. In this study, we observed the bead appearance and whether it was appeared burn through or not , as the variation of the root gap in the lap and butt-joint welding process.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.159-168
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of music therapy on state anxiety and pain among patients undergoing burn dressing changes. Method: A convenience sample of 32 adult burn patients who were eligible and provided consent were included in the study which was a quasi-experimental study of a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Fifteen patients in the control group received the routine burn dressing changes but 17 patients in the experimental group listened to self-selected music through headphones connected to a CD player during burn dressing changes for three days. All subjects of the music group chose the type of music that would relax them. Before and after burn dressing changes, subjects completed the State Anxiety Inventory and self-report of pain scores. Result: There was a significant reduction in state anxiety before and after burn dressing changes in those who received music therapy in contrast to those who did not receive music therapy. The music group reported lower pain scores before and after burn dressing changes than did the non-music group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that music therapy composed of self-selected music is a valuable intervention for the treatment of pain and anxiety in patients undergoing burn dressing changes.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.70-89
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• 1996

This paper discusses an optimal burn -in procedure to minimize total costs based on the assumption that some of the components are weak for stress and deteriorate faster than the main components. The procedure will define the costs of burn-in errors. An ideal burn-in consists of process in which all weak (substandard) components and no main (standard) components fail. In practice, the burn-in errors could occur for some reasons. For example, it is impossible to eliminate all weak components through burn-in, due to a nonzero proportion of defectives of the components. Probability model and cost function model are formulated to find the optimal burn-in time that minimizes the expected total cost. Several examples are included to show how to use the results.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.415-420
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• 2010

Purpose: Heterotopic calcification is a pathological event in which deposits of calcium salts build up, usually in the joint area or soft tissues. It can occur under many conditions and in some rare cases may develop in burn scars. In particular, ulcerations in burn scars accompanied by heterotopic calcification are difficult to treat through conservative treatment. This study reports methods for accurate diagnosis and adequate treatment of ulceration in burn scars accompanied by heterotopic calcification. Methods: Fourteen patients who visited our hospital from March 2008 to January 2010 were subjected to this study. Their sex, age, modes of burn, degree, TBSA (%), ulcerated area, the time of occurrence of the ulcerations in the burn scars were investigated. In addition, radiological examination and biopsy was performed to diagnose heterotopic calcification. Results: Among the 14 cases, 6 were male and 8 were female. The average age of the patients was 48.2 (27 - 69 yrs). As for the mode of burn, 11 were flame burns and 3 were scalding burns. The average time of occurrence of the ulcerations in the burn scars was 4.5 months. The ulcerated areas were situated in the legs in 12 cases, arms in 1 case, and torso in 1 case. The diagnosis was confirmed through X-ray and biopsy, and skin graft was performed after wide excision. Conclusion: Diagnosis of the ulceration in burn scars accompanied by heterotopic calcification is possible through radiological and pathologic studies. Surgical treatment is the most reliable method of treatment, and we chose to perform skin graft after wide excision. Also, we learned that the complete removal of the calcified tissue and the inflammatory fibrotic tissues is crucial in preventing recurrence. Also, in contrast to Marjolin's ulcer, heterotopic calcification had a small size, little or no granulation tissue, and lacked fungating type ulceration. Therefore, favorable prognosis could be achieved through adequate treatment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.949-960
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• 2021

Documentaries based on facts not only contain the spirit of that era but have been transformed in various ways according to changes in technologies and media. This study analyzed under the premise that the original documentary of YouTube plays a role in representing the characteristics of the medium. YouTube's original documentary is released on YouTube and then re-edited and released as a documentary film, and has the same shooting source, and is edited and described differently depending on whether it is a YouTube or a movie. This is the content that can confirm the media differences between YouTube documentary and documentary film. The cinema version shows the difference in that the narrative is developed using third-person narration and subtitles, mainly for handheld shooting and smooth editing, and the YouTube version is developing the narrative centering on audio-centric rough editing, interviews and background music. Through this, it can be seen that the YouTube version reinforces intimacy through a personal and direct expression method, while the cinema version reinforces objectivity through an official and indirect expression method.