• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.845-850
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the actual state of injuries experience and safety accident prevention in dental hygienists. This study surveyed the actual state of injuries experience caused by apparatus and materials through a self-administered survey of 366 dental hygienists. Statistical analysis was performed using PASW Statistics 18.0. Frequency, chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA were applied in this analysis. The results were as follows: Out of the 307 subjects (83.9%) experienced injuries in the last 6 months, and 294 subjects (80.3%) chose the stab as the most frequent type of injuries experience and it was followed by incised wound, scratch and burn. In relation to the differences in injuries experience depending on general characteristics, there were significant differences depending on the age, career, position, dental treatment (p<0.001) and the education (p<0.01). In relation to the differences in the level of safety accident prevention practice depending on general characteristics, there were significant differences depending on the injuries experience, age (p<0.05) and the types of dental clinics (p<0.01). Therefore, We suggest to establish a systematic process for safety accident prevention in dental clinics and emphasize the importance of prevention through continued safety education be needed.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.177-198
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• 2006

This study purposed to offer basic data for safety education of the dental laboratory technology after the investigation of how much the students in the dept. of dental laboratory technology are aware of the danger of each instrument, equipment or laboratory procedure that they use during laboratory and how much they demand safety education for this. The objects for this study were 423 students who were in the dept. of dental laboratory technology. In this regard, four colleges which have the dept. of dental laboratory technology were randomly selected to do a questionnaire survey. SPSS 12.0 was used to analyze the collected data. The results were as follows: As for satisfaction with their major, the respondents answered Satisfied (59.1%), Average (35.5%) and Dissatisfied (5.4%). In terms of the production process of a partial denture, they considered casting, polishing the casting body, polishing denture and burn out were most dangerous in order. As for the production process of a full denture, what they regarded as the most dangerous in order was polishing denture, deflasking and wax wash. Regarding the laboratory procedures of porcelain material, casting, trimming casting body, polishing porcelain material and burn out were the most dangerous procedures that they perceived. With regard to materials for use, alcohol, polishing, metal and wire were the most dangerous ones they thought. As for the handling characteristics of each material, small towns showed a higher demand for safety of the handling characteristics of alcohol. In terms of school year and sex, juniors and girls had higher scores in the demand for safety of the handling characteristics of acid. Regarding the handling characteristics of each equipment and instrument, all of small towns, juniors and girls showed the highest demand for safety of the handling characteristics of alcohol lamps. With regard to scores in the demand for safety of other characteristics, all of small towns, juniors and girls had the highest demand for safety of emergency treatment. Concerning the demand for safety education by the completion of safety education, in terms of each material, highest was the demand for safety of acid from the group which completed safety education. In regard to equipments and instruments, when it came to the demand for safety of the handling characteristics of casting machine, the educated group's demand for safety of acid was higher. Regarding other characteristics, the group which was not educated gained higher scores in the demand for safety of emergency treatment. 11. In all areas(materials, machines and others), small towns, girls and juniors showed higher scores in the demand for safety. Based on the above results, it was found that when students conduct the laboratory of dental technology, they would think that many materials, instruments or equipments for use are very dangerous. However, safety education was not fully given to them. Regarding the scores in the damned for safety education, the highest was 4.16 and the lowest was 3.43, which suggests that the scores were generally very high. In this regard, it is necessary to continue delivering a systematic safety education of materials, equipments or instruments used during the laboratory of dental technology. Therefore, through the analysis of each material, instruments or facility used in every laboratory and each process, safety accident types and accident risk factors should be investigated to develop educational materials for this. Moreover, it is required to open safety education as a single course of study or insert safety contents of all materials and machines into the class of dental laboratory instrument or dental materials for the purpose of a systematic and thorough safety education to prevent a safety accident during laboratory.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.5_3
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• pp.1109-1123
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• 2020

In South Korea with forest as a major land cover class (over 60% of the country), many wildfires occur every year. Wildfires weaken the shear strength of the soil, forming a layer of soil that is vulnerable to landslides. It is important to identify the severity of a wildfire as well as the burned area to sustainably manage the forest. Although satellite remote sensing has been widely used to map wildfire severity, it is often difficult to determine the severity using only the temporal change of satellite-derived indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR). In this study, we proposed an approach for determining wildfire severity based on machine learning through the synergistic use of Sentinel-1A Synthetic Aperture Radar-C data and Sentinel-2A Multi Spectral Instrument data. Three wildfire cases-Samcheok in May 2017, Gangreung·Donghae in April 2019, and Gosung·Sokcho in April 2019-were used for developing wildfire severity mapping models with three machine learning algorithms (i.e., Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine). The results showed that the random forest model yielded the best performance, resulting in an overall accuracy of 82.3%. The cross-site validation to examine the spatiotemporal transferability of the machine learning models showed that the models were highly sensitive to temporal differences between the training and validation sites, especially in the early growing season. This implies that a more robust model with high spatiotemporal transferability can be developed when more wildfire cases with different seasons and areas are added in the future.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_3
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• pp.1373-1387
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• 2021

Forest fire poses a significant threat to the environment and society, affecting carbon cycle and surface energy balance, and resulting in socioeconomic losses. Widely used multi-spectral satellite image-based approaches for burned area detection have a problem in that they do not work under cloudy conditions. Therefore, in this study, Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from Europe Space Agency, which can be collected in all weather conditions, were used to identify forest fire damaged area based on a series of processes including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering. Four forest fire cases, which occurred in Gangneung·Donghae and Goseong·Sokcho in Gangwon-do of South Korea and two areas in North Korea on April 4, 2019, were examined. The estimated burned areas were evaluated using fire reference data provided by the National Institute of Forest Science (NIFOS) for two forest fire cases in South Korea, and differenced normalized burn ratio (dNBR) for all four cases. The average accuracy using the NIFOS reference data was 86% for the Gangneung·Donghae and Goseong·Sokcho fires. Evaluation using dNBR showed an average accuracy of 84% for all four forest fire cases. It was also confirmed that the stronger the burned intensity, the higher detection the accuracy, and vice versa. Given the advantage of SAR remote sensing, the proposed statistical processing and K-means clustering-based approach can be used to quickly identify forest fire damaged area across the Korean Peninsula, where a cloud cover rate is high and small-scale forest fires frequently occur.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_1
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• pp.1413-1425
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• 2023

The increasing frequency of wildfires due to climate change is causing extreme loss of life and property. They cause loss of vegetation and affect ecosystem changes depending on their intensity and occurrence. Ecosystem changes, in turn, affect wildfire occurrence, causing secondary damage. Thus, accurate estimation of the areas affected by wildfires is fundamental. Satellite remote sensing is used for forest fire detection because it can rapidly acquire topographic and meteorological information about the affected area after forest fires. In addition, deep learning algorithms such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and transformer models show high performance for more accurate monitoring of fire-burnt regions. To date, the application of deep learning models has been limited, and there is a scarcity of reports providing quantitative performance evaluations for practical field utilization. Hence, this study emphasizes a comparative analysis, exploring performance enhancements achieved through both model selection and data design. This study examined deep learning models for detecting wildfire-damaged areas using Landsat 8 satellite images in California. Also, we conducted a comprehensive comparison and analysis of the detection performance of multiple models, such as U-Net and High-Resolution Network-Object Contextual Representation (HRNet-OCR). Wildfire-related spectral indices such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized burn ratio (NBR) were used as input channels for the deep learning models to reflect the degree of vegetation cover and surface moisture content. As a result, the mean intersection over union (mIoU) was 0.831 for U-Net and 0.848 for HRNet-OCR, showing high segmentation performance. The inclusion of spectral indices alongside the base wavelength bands resulted in increased metric values for all combinations, affirming that the augmentation of input data with spectral indices contributes to the refinement of pixels. This study can be applied to other satellite images to build a recovery strategy for fire-burnt areas.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.1 s.145
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• pp.141-145
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• 2007

Maggot therapy (MT) has been re-introduced for non-healing wounds such as pressure sore, diabetic and necrotic ulcers, as well as infected surgical wounds, burn, and trauma injuries since early 1990s. For the production of sterile maggot of proper developmental stage, Lucilia sericata were studied on developmental periods of immature stages on liver agar medium under six different temperatures such as 15.4, 20.6, 22.5, 26.2, 29.1, and $33.0^{\circ}C$, and adult longevity and egg Production under $29^{\circ}C$. The periods of eggs and larvae of the 1st and the 2nd instars were shortest at $33^{\circ}C$ by 9.0, 14.0 and 18.6 hours, respectively. The periods of the 3rd instar larvae and pupae were shortest at $29.1^{\circ}C$ by 285.0 and 171.0 hours, respectively. Developmental zero point and total effective temperature far the development of each stage were calculated based on the developmental periods. Adults of both female and male lived more than one month. Females laid an average of 338.5 eggs through 2.7 times of egg laying throughout her lifetime.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1997

The aims of free tissue transplantation to the injured foot are to cover the exposed blood vessels, nerves, muscles, tendons and bones, to clear up infection, to lessen the morbidity, to shorten the hospitalization, and to prepare for further surgical procedures when no local or transpositioning flaps are available. Authors have carried out free flap transplantation in 13 cases of crushing injury, osteomyelitis and electrical burn in the foot at Chonbuk National University Hospital from June 1992 through May 1996. The results were as follows : 1. 9 cases of 13 (69%) were sustained from the traffic accident. 2. The dorsalis pedis free flap transplantation has been performed most frequently in 5 cases (38.5%), followed gracilis muscle flap in 4 cases(30.7%), rectus abdominis muscle flap in 2 cases(15.4%), latissimus dorsi muscle flap and upper arm flap in 1 each. 3. 6 muscle flaps were covered with split thickness skin graft 20 days after microsurgical anastomosis. 4. All of 13 cases were survived after microsurgical procedure and showed excellent coverage in the foot.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.925-936
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to suggest new drawing methods of isochrones using GIS. For this purpose the Unit Hydrograph (UH) of studied watershed for instantaneous rainfall suggested by Clark have been determined by routing the time-area curve through a single linear reservoir. To evaluate constructing methods of isochrones three methods has been examined; Channel Profile and Clark-kict method; Laurenson method; Average velocity method of S.C.S. Also, these methods have been recomposed by GIS in this study. To apply first method, spatial modeling, the vector based on the stream network and Route_System measuring a distance between points has been used. A raster based on the flow direction grid from burn DEM and the slope grid from original DEM has been applied for the second method. The third method has been applied by a raster based on the landuse grid and a velocity function expressed by slope. Results by these three methods have been evaluated with observed hydrograph, and the method using average velocity method of S.C.S shows more reasonable results comparatively.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 2011

Recently a variety of high technologies for radiation therapy (IMRT, SRS,. 3D-RT, etc.) has been developed. For the cervical and rectal cancer, 3field or 4field radiotherapy have been applied to the patients. In the case of two-dimensional treatment, one of the most typical side-effects is skin burn due to the radiation irradiation. In general the skin dose is evaluated by only a single measurement during the whole treatment period. In this study, however, skin dose was measured in each radiation treatment and the total skin dose was accumulated in a glass dosimeter through all the cases. After simulating the skin dose from treatment planning system, the results were compared with the actual skin doses. The results showed a good agreement between two data sets. Even though there are certain amount of errors caused by the patient movement along the treatment, the difference between actual dose and simulated dose was within the accepted range of error.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3688-3699
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to understand attributes, stress and burnout related to job environment of healthcare facilities workers for the aged, care-givers, analyze the effect of these factors on job satisfaction, and improve their organizational task to help advance the quality of life and the healthcare facilities for the aged. A survey was made on 129 care-givers working in the healthcare facilities for the aged(care facilities, in-home facilities for the aged) located in Jeonbuk Gunsan area. This study showed that sub-factors of care-givers' job environment such as human environment, compensation system and job expertise have a significant effect on the job burnout, stress and satisfaction. This means that a well-organized compensation system, which is proportionate to the job expertise and ability for human environment, and achievement of innovative thinking, will make a positive relationship, reduce the job burnout and stress, and improve the job satisfaction at the same time. Compared to the rapid increase of old aged patients for long-term care and care-givers' real role and job in the facilities, the job specialization has to be guaranteed to improve job environment of care-givers as various beneficial workers for welfare - professional workers - and the compensation system needs to be properly systematized according to their job capacity. Consequently, the production and participation of professionals with high self-esteem may raise organizational commitment through the maximization of job satisfaction by the participation and devotion to the organization of more professionals by removing factors, which can reduce the frequent job burn-out and stress of care-givers.