• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.457-464
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• 2008

Heritability and genetic correlation for reproductive traits in Yorkshire pig breed were estimated using Bayesian method via Gibbs sampling. The data set consisted of 9,609 reproductive records at pig breeding farm in Korea. For estimating those parameters using Gibbs sampling, 5,000 cycles of ‘burn-in’ period were discarded among a total of 55,000 samples. Out of the remaining 50,000 samples, 5,000 estimates by each parameter were retained and used for analyses to avoid any correlation among adjacent samples. The reproductive trait considered in this study were total number of born piglets(TNB) and estimated by two different models. The estimated heritability and permanent environmental effect using Gibbs sampler were 0.12±0.020 and 10.9±1.63, respectively. Estimated genetic correlations considered parities as different traits were distributed from 0.99 to －0.13. Such results indicated that reproductive traits for sows should be considered as different traits.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.383-389
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• 2004

A commercially pure Ti(CP-Ti) and Ti-25wt％Pd alloy for dental applications were cast into a phosphate-bonded Al$_2$ $O_3$/ $SiO_2$ investment mold and the surface of the casting specimens were investigated by means of SEM/EDS, XRD and XPS. The addition of 25wt％Pd in CP-Ti showed a moderate mold reaction owing to the considerable lowering of melting point. XRD analysis of the investment after burn-out treatment revealed that it consisted essentially of $SiO_2$, Al$_2$ $O_3$, P$_2$O$\_$5/, Mg$_3$(P $O_4$)$_2$, AlP $O_4$, Mg$_2$ $SiO_4$, MgAl$_2$ $O_4$ The mold reaction products were Ti$\_$5/Si$_3$ and Ti $O_2$ in case of CP-Ti casting and Ti $O_2$ and SiO$\_$x/ in case of Ti-25wt％ Pd casting.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.845-850
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the actual state of injuries experience and safety accident prevention in dental hygienists. This study surveyed the actual state of injuries experience caused by apparatus and materials through a self-administered survey of 366 dental hygienists. Statistical analysis was performed using PASW Statistics 18.0. Frequency, chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA were applied in this analysis. The results were as follows: Out of the 307 subjects (83.9%) experienced injuries in the last 6 months, and 294 subjects (80.3%) chose the stab as the most frequent type of injuries experience and it was followed by incised wound, scratch and burn. In relation to the differences in injuries experience depending on general characteristics, there were significant differences depending on the age, career, position, dental treatment (p<0.001) and the education (p<0.01). In relation to the differences in the level of safety accident prevention practice depending on general characteristics, there were significant differences depending on the injuries experience, age (p<0.05) and the types of dental clinics (p<0.01). Therefore, We suggest to establish a systematic process for safety accident prevention in dental clinics and emphasize the importance of prevention through continued safety education be needed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.113-124
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the work-family conflict on the organizational citizenship behavior, to examine the mediating effect of burnout in that relation and to verify the moderating effect of proactive personality between burnout by work-family conflict and organizational citizenship behavior. For study samples, total 331 copies were collected from the members of hospitals and call centers in Daejeon, Sejong and Chungcheongnam-do and Chungcheongbuk-do. The results are as follows: firstly, it was found that, Work Interference with Family(WIF) had negative (-) effect on the organizational citizenship behavior. And, Family Interference with Work(FIW) had negative (-) effect on the organizational citizenship behavior. Secondly, there was a mediating effect of burnout between Work Interference with Family(WIF) and organizational citizenship behavior. And, there was no mediating effect of burnout between Family Interference with Work(FIW) and organizational citizenship behavior. Thirdly, proactive personality had a moderating effect between burnout due to work-family conflict and the organizational citizenship behavior. It proved that the relation between burnout due to work-family conflict and the organizational citizenship behavior through proactive personality of members concerning the negative effect of burnout caused by the work-family conflict at the workplace can be reduced by the proactive personality. It is significant in that this study proved the necessity of proactive personality of members in the work-family conflict. Therefore, more diverse personal characteristics should be considered as control variables in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.296-307
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were to develop the experiment for gas concentration measure during combustion of a candle and to investigate the application effect of the experiment. For this study, 15 elementary school teachers were selected by considering their gender, career, 6th grade science teaching experience, and 6th grade science teaching experience according to 2007 revised s cience curriculum. The experiment using MBL is designed to confirm gas concentrations visually during the combustion of a candle which burns in an acrylic container. The experiment method is as follows. 1) Make two sets of holes in the container and then insert oxygen sensors and carbon dioxide sensors in the holes. 2) Burn a candle in the container and observe the changes in the burning of the candle. The experiment has checked oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in real-time and displays gas concentration changes by graphs. The results of the application effect of the experiment are as follows. Most elementary school teachers who had not had scientific concepts on combustion got acquainted with scientific concepts about ‘the reason why a candle is blown out when it is covered with a bottle’, and ‘the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide before and after combustion’. In addition, about half of elementary school teachers got acquainted with scientific concepts about ‘the definition of combustion’, and ‘distribution of carbon dioxide during combustion’. Thus, the experiment to measure gas concentrations during combustion is helpful to improve elementary school teachers’ concepts on combustion.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.59
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• pp.387-404
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• 2015

A great number of philosophers during 'Six's Dynasty'(六朝) had the most active and furthest discussion throughout the history of China to study the concerns; Having a question such as "Where the body and the soul come out around us?", "What is the essence of complicated and delicate mental operation?" "Are there any relationships between the body and the soul?" and then "How do the human soul exist after death?" First, during 'Don-Jin' period as body and soul theory was based on 'Yin'(陰) and 'Yang'(陽). 'He Cheng Tian' said that everything which was burn on earth should die because the soul couldn't stay the dead body longer. In the same age, 'Ming Fo Run' and 'Da Xing Run' which denied that the soul couldn't exist forever were main topics of the discuss among the distinguished philosophers. Next, during 'Northern & Southern dynasty', body and soul theory was divided into two. First of all, body and soul of 'Heng Cun' might be harmonized, however, that was not perfectly put together. Because, after human death, even if the body of human might be existed, the soul left elsewhere but always stayed around us. The body was the soul which meant that the soul was to the nature of the body and the body was to the usage of soul. Many philosophers insisted that nobody meant no soul according to 'Shen Bu Mie Run' and 'Shen Mie Run'which was the main topic as an academic argument in those days. Finally, during Dong-Jin dynasty covered the significance of Body and Soul theory and analyzed the influence into the history of the history philosophy in china.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.10-20
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• 2022

About 21% of domestic chemical accidents are caused by transport vehicles for the past 10 years in Korea. Also, ammonia is a chemical substance with the largest number of accidents, 82 out of 672. In this study, supposed seasonal alternative scenario and worst scenario in case of releasing ammonia during bunkering it from tank lorry to fishing vessel and interpreted seasonal impact and range through Python, ALOHA, Probit analysis. Radiation impact range of possibility for 2nd burn and for maximum radiation in winter scenario, which is one of the alternative scenarios, was the highest(range: 41m, radiation: 5.01kW/m²) while overpressure impact was less than minimum standard of impact. And toxicity impact range(EPRG-2) of the summer scenario was the widest(5.0km) and took a very high death rate near accident area(port area, tourist area) according to Probit analysis. the wort scenario had a similar impact and range of summer scenario.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

This paper is a purpose to study and analyze the engine starting failure examples for LPG car. The first example, the researcher verified the phenomenon that didn't supply the fuel because of filter clogging by fine alien substance in the gas valve line when he inspected the emergency cutting valve. The second example, there was no the influence of gas leakage when the solenoid operated at first. But the damage part of solenoid assemblying face wad downed a durability according to running a valve. Eventually, the researcher checked on the phenomenon of engine stopping by no gas feeding in solenoid because of leaking of gas. The third example, the researcher sought that the wiring sheaths of connector fin between EGR 10A fuse and LPG switch verified the burn-out phenomenon due to the bad contacting as tension damage produced the overheating. Therefore, the manager of a car has to do pre-inspection no producing electric failure and he must maintain his car with optimum condition.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.127-140
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• 2024

Upon direct/indirect exposure to flame or heat, composite structures may burn or thermally buckle. This issue becomes more important in the natural fiber-based composite structures with higher flammability and lower mechanical properties. The main goal of the present study was to obtain an optimal eco-friendly composite system with low flammability and high thermal buckling resistance. The studied composite consisted of polypropylene (PP) and short abaca fiber (AF) with eggshell powder (ESP) and halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) additives. An optimal base composite, consisting of 30 wt.% AF and 70 wt.% PP, abbreviated as OAP, was initially introduced based on burning rate (BR) and the Young's modulus determined by horizontal burning test (HBT) and tensile test, respectively. The effects of adding ESP to the base composite were then investigated with the same experimental tests. The results indicated that though the BR significantly decreased with the increase of ESP content up to 6 wt.%, it had a very destructive influence on the stiffness of the composite. To compensate for the damaging effect of ESP, small amount of HNT was used. The performance of OAP composite with 6 wt.% ESP and 3 wt.% HNT (OAPEH) was explored by conducting HBT, cone calorimeter test (CCT) and tensile test. The experimental results indicated a 9~23 % reduction in almost all flammability parameters such as heat release rate (HRR), total heat released (THR), maximum average rate of heat emission (MARHE), total smoke released (TSR), total smoke production (TSP), and mass loss (ML) during combustion. Furthermore, the combination of 6 wt.% ESP and 3 wt.% HNT reduced the stiffness of OAP to an insignificant amount by maximum 3%. Moreover, the char residue analysis revealed the distinct differences in the formation of char between AF/PP and AF/PP/ESP/HNT composites. Afterward, dilatometry test was carried out to examine the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of OAP and OAPEH samples. The obtained results showed that the CTE of OAPEH composite was about 18% less than that of OAP. Finally, a theoretical model was used based on first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) to predict the critical bucking temperatures of the OAP and OAPEH composite plates. It was shown that in the absence of mechanical load, the critical buckling temperatures of OAPEH composite plates were higher than those of OAP composites, such that the difference between the buckling temperatures increased with the increase of thickness. On the contrary, the positive effect of CTE reduction on the buckling temperature decreased by raising the axial compressive mechanical load on the composite plates which can be assigned to the reduction of stiffness after the incorporation of ESP. The results of present study generally stated that a suitable combination of AF, PP, ESP, and HNT can result in a relatively optimal and environmentally friendly composite with proper flame and thermal buckling resistance with no significant decline in the stiffness.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.51-72
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to determine whether Severance Hospice Home Care Pro gram was able to meet its objectives. This was done in order to show in detail the effects of hospice home care on the quality of life of terminally ill patients and to provide rationale for setting up more hospice home care programs in korea. The results of the study were as follows: The subjects of the study were 100 terminally ill patients who hnd died 'while in the hospice program and 64 family members who were registered with Severance Hospice Home Care Program between march 1988 and Feb. 1990. The nursing needs of these terminally ill patients were assessed by the nursing records of these patients. The need for pain control(82%) was the highest nursing need so far as the physical aspects were concerned. This was followed by poor appetite(37%), 8 dyspnea(34%), nausea and vomiting(30%) in that order of frequency. In reqard to spiritual needs, the need for religious' support was also high at 72%. Their main psychological symptoms were anxiety and fear(34% ). Burn-out was a major problem for 44% of the family members. The psychological process experiencel by the terminal ill patients was compared to the dying process, described by Kiibler Ross. In comparison of the five stages outlined by kubler Ross with the dying process of the subjects it was found that the subjects not only experienced the five stages but also experienced denial and doubt-fulness or denial with acceptance or acceptance with the expectation of a miracle. But rather than acceptance of the dying process, giving up was a frequent end point of the psychological process, of the subjects. However, when the combination of states was observed, most of the patients reached the state of acceptance in the dying process. It was difficult to identify a definite pattern of change in the psychological process of the subjects. Also it was difficult to identify the factors that influenced the psychological process. The symptoms of the terminally j]] subjects just before dying, that is, 3-4 days before dying included apparent signs of dying. These were a reduction of intake(77%), reduction of the amount of urination(63%), increase in sleeping time (64%) and acceptance of dying by patients and their families who had been unaccepting be before that time(66%). The primary care givers(family member's) degree of satisfaction with the care given to the patient by the hospice was 88.7%. The results of this study show that Severance Hospice Home Care Program had a positie effeet on the quality of life of the terminally ill patients and their family members as they faced the death of the patient. It can be seen from this study that there is an urgent need to extend hospice programs - in order to provide quality of care for terminally ill patient and their families. Based upon the reesults of this study several suggestions are presente as follows: 1) A follow up study should be carried out to identify the dying process as it is unique to Korea. 2) A comparison should be made of other hospice care programs. 3) A comparison study should- be made with subjects who do not receive any hospice care as compared to those who do by use of an experimental and control group methodology. 4) There is a need to determine a scientific method to adequeto measure the interventions carried out to meet the hospice patients nursing care needs. 5) A study should be made using quality research methodology to evaluate effects of hospiec care from the patients, their family members and the nurrse's perspective.