• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 2003

This paper investigates the collapse characteristics of CF/Epoxy composite tubes subjected to axial loads as changing interlaminar number and outer ply orientation angle. The tubes are aften used for automobiles, aerospace vehicles, trains, ships, and elevators. We have performed static and dynamic impact collapse tests by a way of building impact test machine with vertical air compression. It is fanad that CF/Epoxy tube of the 6 interlaminar number (C-type) with 90$^{\circ}$ outer orientation angle and trigger absorbed more energy than the other tubes (A. B and D-types). Also collapse mode depended upon outer orientation angle of CF/Epoxy tubes and loading type as well； typical collapse modes of CF/Epoxy tubes are wedged, splayed and fragmentcl.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.455-464
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• 2015

The purposes of this study are to explain and identify the frame of structural relations of learning orientation, self-efficacy, learning transfer and job performance of farmers who participated in the strong and small farms education. This is an experimental research with the data collected from 495 farmers who have taken the farm education. Based on the collected data, the study conducted a structural equation modeling(SEM) to confirm the validity and analyze the structural relations of the suggested model. Using measured and latent variables drew from the analyses, the study set a structural equation model and tested the model by analysis of the structural equation modeling with AMOS 18.0. The results found from the empirical analysis can be summarized as follows. 1) Learning orientation and self-efficacy positively influenced job performance through learning transfer. 2) The hypothesis that learning orientation would have direct impact on job performance was not supported. 3) The strong and small farms education is useful to expand learning transfer and to enhance job performance. So, government policy support has to reinforce learning support on farmers in order to achieve high performance of learning and job management through farm educations.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.960-968
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• 2004

One of the most important functions of a building is to provide thermally comfortable indoor environmental conditions for the occupants. Therefore, a great deal of energy is consumed for heating and cooling to satisfy those thermal requirements. In order to provide thermal comfort with minimum heating and cooling energy consumption, optimal design of building affecting indoor climate is required. This study used the TRNSYS for modeling and simulation of the energy flows of residential building types, and examined the energy efficient measures to reduce the thermal loads. The residential building types are classified into the detached house, apartment house and high-rise residential complex. The results of the simulation show that the heating energy consumption in the detached house is especially high, whereas the cooling load is an important determinant in the apartment house and high-rise residential complex. The measures examined are the insulation thickness, various types of glazing, infiltration, natural and controlled ventilation, solar shading, orientation and etc. Comparative evaluations and sensitivity analyses revealed the effects of these variables and identified their energy efficient building design strategies.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.104-112
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• 2013

Monitoring for moisture contents of wooden post member of Un-bong confucian school was performed in 6 months and analyzed to conserve scientifically the wooden culture building and open for common people. In inner post member of the building, variation of moisture contents was very small and upper part had relatively higher moisture contents. In outer post member, moisture contents were changed according to the weather conditions and was relatively high in bottom and upper part. Southern post has lower moisture content than eastern. These results were related to air ventilation in interior, depth of eaves and orientation of the building. In the design, construction and maintenance of wooden building, characteristics of wood should be considered like moisture contents.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.355-367
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• 2012

Atmospheric boundary layer winds experience two types of effects due to friction at the ground surface. One effect is the increase of the wind speeds with height above the surface. The second effect, called the Ekman layer effect, entails veering - the change of the wind speed direction as a function of height above the surface. In this study a practical procedure is developed within a database-assisted design (DAD) framework that accounts approximately for veering effects on tall building design. The procedure was applied in a case study of a 60-story reinforced concrete building, which also considered the dependence of veering effects on the orientation of the building. Comparisons are presented between response estimates that do not account for veering, and account for veering conservatively. For the case studied in this paper veering effects were found to be small.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2015

Increase in energy consumption in building is a big concern world over. In Nepal, energy crisis is a big issue but energy demand in buildings is barely even thought about. In the southern part of Nepal, where the weather is mostly hot during the year, cooling in buildings is very important. This is an initial study regarding building design strategies which focuses on cooling energy consumption in the building. It can be seen from the study that simple passive strategies can be applied in building design which can support in decreasing cooling load. Different passive cooling strategies like orientation, building size, thermal mass, window design and two direct cooling strategies have been investigated in this study. Direct cooling strategies like shading and natural cooling helps in passive cooling. Different desing strategies have different impact on the cooling energy requirement and the study shows that thermo physical property of building materials has the maximum effect on the energy consumption of the building. Each design strategy creates and average of 20% decrease in energy consumption, whereas the thermal conductivity can have as much as 10 times more effect on the energy consumption than other design strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2013

There have been numerous researches on Nak-An village in Jeollanamdo, one of the most representative traditional castle village in Korea. Most of them have dealt with general and physical architectural scale and features separately. Therefore this study aims to understand the compositional characteristics of building layout and exterior space and the relations between street system and dwelling unit of folk houses in Nak-An village. The study examined houses of ordinary people in Nak-An village constructed before the village was not affected by foreign influences. 36 folk houses in Nak-An built from nineteenth century to early twentieth century and believed to have few physical changes from the original floor plans and architectural forms were the subjects to be analyzed. The most popular types in building layout are "Open L"and "Open U". The most typical orientation of main building is Southwest. The favorable entry into the dwelling lot is from the side. The street system in the village consists of main streets of South-North, resulting in dwelling lots with North-South axis most general. This site condition forces the entry into the lot from North main street and the side access to the main building. From these findings, the building layout and the entry into the dwelling lot of folk houses in Nak-An are strongly related with street system and conditions of dwelling lot.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

With the increased awareness of energy consumption as well as the environmental impact of building operations, architects, designers and planners are required to place more consideration on sustainability and energy performance of the building. To ensure most of those considerations are reflected in the building performance, critical design decisions should be made by key stakeholders early during the design development stage. The application of BIM during building energy simulations has profoundly improved the energy analysis process and thus this approach has gained momentum. However, despite rapid advances in BIM-based processes, the question still remains how ordinary building stakeholders can perform energy performance analysis, which has previously been conducted predominantly by professionals, to maximize energy efficient building performance. To address this issue, we identified two leading building performance analysis software programs, Energy Plus and IES (IES ), and compared their effectiveness and suitability as BIM-based energy simulation tools. To facilitate this study, we examined a case study on Building Performance Model (BPM) of a single story building with one door, multiple windows on each wall, a slab and a roof. We focused particularly on building energy performance by differing building orientation and window sizes and compared how effectively these two software programs analyzed the performance. We also looked at typical decision-making processes implementing building energy simulation program during the early design stages in the U.S. Finally, conclusions were drawn as to how to conduct BIM-based building energy performance evaluations more efficiently. Suggestions for further avenues of research are also made.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.957-979
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• 2015

The present paper investigates the influence of the orientation of the ground-motion reference axes, the seismic incident angle and the seismic intensity level on the inelastic response of asymmetric reinforced concrete buildings. A single storey asymmetric building is analyzed by nonlinear dynamic analyses under twenty bi-directional ground motions. The analyses are performed for many angles of incidence and four seismic intensity levels. Moreover three different pairs of the horizontal accelerograms corresponding to the input seismic motion are considered: a) the recorded accelerograms, b) the corresponding uncorrelated accelerograms, and c) the completely correlated accelerograms. The nonlinear response is evaluated by the overall structural damage index. The results of this study demonstrate that the inelastic seismic response depends on the orientation of the ground-motion reference axes, since the three individual pairs of accelerograms corresponding to the same ground motion (recorded, uncorrelated and completely correlated) can cause different structural damage level for the same incident angle. Furthermore, the use of the recorded accelerograms as seismic input does not always lead to the critical case of study. It is also shown that there is not a particular seismic incident angle or range of angles that leads to the maximum values of damage index regardless of the seismic intensity level or the ground-motion reference axes.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.243-255
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to learn the lifestyles of college students based on the green building certification system. The importance for environmentally friendly housing patterns will be changed and predicted to provide the basis for future residential development. The subjects of this research were 706 college students living in Jeonbuk province. The results of this research were as follows. College students' lifestyles were measured by self-confidence, family orientation, leisure orientation, economic orientation, and a digital directivity by factor analysis. In eco-friendly residential ratings, as the results of analysis according to the land use, the transportation, the energy resources, the environment load, the ecosystems, the interior environment, and the soundproofing of the interior environment came out to be higher than other factors. While coming out to be higher in the lower group in a digital directivity, the life style of the college students mostly came to be higher in the average of importance for environment-friendly housing. This result means that the college students want environment-friendly housing while attaching importance to the convenience of daily life, especially a digital directivity of housing. Thus, when we plan residences in the future, we will have to reflect the environment-friendly housing on the basis of the results of this research, and improve the environment which is contributing to help form college students' characters well.