• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2005

'SecSec' has been used for the purpose of prevention and treatment of throat diseases such as sore throat, cough, bronchial asthma and allergic asthma in Korea. However, its effect in experimental models remains unknown. To investigate the biological effect of SecSec, we examined cytotoxicity and secretion of inflammatory cytokines on human leukemic mast cell line, HMC-1, stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187. SecSec by itself had no cytotoxicity on HMC-1. When SecSec (1 mg/ml) was added, the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha $(TNF-{\alpha})$, interleukin (IL)-6, and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was significantly inhibited about 47.20%, 25.55%, and 46.43%, respectively on PMA plus A23187-stimulated HMC-1 cells. But SecSec did not inhibit IL-8 secretion. These findings may help understanding the mechanism of action of this medicine leading to control activated mast cells on allergic inflammatory condition like asthma.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.80-87
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• 2018

This report describes the effectiveness of mahaenggamseog-tang(麻杏甘石湯) on the patients who suffered from atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. We administered mahaenggamseog-tang with heat-clearing and lung-dispersing(淸熱宣肺) effect to two dermatitis patients who showed sweating with panting(汗出而喘), vexation and thirst(煩渴), aversion to heat(惡熱), agitation(煩燥), swelling of the face and eyes(面目浮腫). The severity of dermatitis was evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS), pictures, SCORAD index(case 1), PASI(case 2). After the treatment, VAS/SCORAD index of case 1 changed from 9/71.5 to 0/6.1; VAS/PASI of case 2 from 8/36.8 to 1/6.8. Mahaenggamseog-tang could improved the symptoms of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis in this study. This study offers an approach to managing chronic dermatitis more effectively using Mahaenggamseog-tang which used mainly for bronchial diseases and obesity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.216-219
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• 2018

We report the case of a 16-year-old male patient who was involved in a traffic accident and transferred to the emergency department with mild chest pain. We initially did not find evidence of tracheal injury on computed tomography (CT). Within an hour after presentation, the patient developed severe dyspnea and newly developed subcutaneous emphysema and pneumoperitoneum were discovered. Abdominal CT showed no intra-abdominal injury. However, destruction of the right main bronchus was identified on coronal images of the initially performed CT scan. Emergency exploratory surgery was performed. The amputated right main bronchus was identified. End-to-end tracheobronchial anastomosis was performed, and the patient recovered without any complications.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.518-526
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• 2008

Recently a major goal in asthma therapy is to reduce or prevent the inflammatory response of airway. Eosinophilic accumulation in the tissue is a prominent feature of allergic diseases including asthma. Production of chemokines by bronchial epithelial cells may contribute to the allergic inflammation by recruiting eosinophils. In this study we evaluated the inhibitory effect of Gamichungsangbohatang (GMCSBHT), used traditionally in treating asthma, on secretion of chemokines for eosinophils in human A549 epithelial cells. Chemokines such as eotaxin, RANTES, IL-8 were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, but IL-16 showed no inhibition by GMCSBHT. These findings indicate that GMCSBHT might be a therapeutic value in treating asthma by suppression of chemokines secretion associated with local accumulation of eosinophils.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.177-180
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• 2000

Backgrounds： Patients with respiratory failure may require prolonged mechanical ventilation. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal time for tracheostomy and complications of tracheostomy. Methods : All medical records of 27 patients who underwent tracheostomy in department of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery at Yondong Severance hospital between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 1998, were reviewed. Variables analyzed include underlying disease, primary indication of tracheostomy, interval from 1st intubation to tracheostomy, duration from tracheostomy to weaning ventilator, duration of decannulation, and complication. There were 18 men and 9 women. Mean age at the time of the tracheostomy was 54 years (rage, 11 to 64 yeras). Results : Underlying diseases included lung cancer in 14 patients (51.9%), trauma in 8 patients (29.6%), and TE fistula in 2 patients. The indication for tracheostomy were as follows: prolonged mechanical ventilation in 13 patients, purpose of bronchial toilet in 9 patients, and tracheal stenosis in 5 patients. The mean interval between the first intubation and tracheostomy was 8.1 days. The mean duration from tracheostomy to weaning ventilator was 10.1 days. Conclusions : Timing of tracheostomy Is very important. Tracheostomy may benefit patients because it can accelerate the process of weaning and thus lead to a reduction in the duration of ventilation, length of hospitalization, and cost.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.395-402
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• 1998

Mori Cortex Radicis, the root bark of mulberry tree, has been used in the treatment of bronchial asthma and other lung diseases in traditional medicine. There was a recent repor t that the water soluble part with molecular weight of above 10,000 has anti-allergic activity. Therefore, we intended to isolate and purify the anti-allergic compound from hot water extract of the Mori Cortex Radicis. Crude extract of Mori Cortex Radicis was prepared by hot-water extraction, and anti-allergic compound was further purified by alcohol precipitation, successive ultrafiltration, anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. This compound had homogeneity which was shown by the sharp single peak in HPLC chromatogram (TSK-GEL G400OPW column, RI detector). The molecular weight of the compound was estimated as 23Kda on the basis of calibration curve plotted against protein standards. This compound was identified as complex of sugar, protein and lignin (19.2: 5.9: 72.7), and proteolysis could not decrease the anti-allergic activity but mild delignification decreased the activity remarkably. Therefore, we concluded that the anti-allergic compound of Mori Cortex Radicis was a lignin-carbohydrate complex.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.174-175
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• 2019

Recently, due to air pollution caused by fine dust, it is considered as a social problem. Increasing fine dust has intensified air pollution, causing many diseases and damages. This year, Seoul, South Korea, reached a severe level of fine dust pollution worldwide. The Ministry of Environment has strengthened the environmental standard for fine dust (PM2.5) from $50{\mu}g/m^3$ to $35{\mu}g/m^3$ since March 2018. When fine dust enters the human body, it causes bronchial or skin elongation such as respiratory allergies, irritable pneumonia, asthma and atopy. In this study, $TiO_2$ rutile with photocatalytic activity was used, and materials prepared by rutile sulfuric acid method were used. The photocatalytic activity rate is 95% or more and the density is $4.1g/cm^3$. The matrix was based on cement, and the substitution rate of $TiO_2$ was 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 (%). The test item is flexural strength and compressive strength.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.6
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• pp.1441-1476
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• 2021

The tracheobronchial tree is a system of airways that allows the passage of air to aerate the lungs and entire body. Several pathological conditions can affect this anatomical region. Multidetector CT (MDCT) helps identify and characterize various large airway diseases. Post-processing tools, such as virtual bronchoscopy and automatic lung analysis, can help enhance the performance of imaging studies. In this pictorial essay review, we provide imaging findings of various bronchial lesions manifested as wall thickening and endoluminal nodules on conventional MDCT and advanced image visualization and analysis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.286-295
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• 2016

Cellular replicative senescence is a major contributing factor to aging and to the development and progression of aging-associated diseases. In this study, we sought to determine viral replication efficiency of influenza virus (IFV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) infection in senescent cells. Primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE) or human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were allowed to undergo numbers of passages to induce replicative senescence. Induction of replicative senescence in cells was validated by positive senescence-associated b-galactosidase staining. Increased susceptibility to both IFV and VZV infection was observed in senescent HBE and HDF cells, respectively, resulting in higher numbers of plaque formation, along with the upregulation of major viral antigen expression than that in the non-senescent cells. Interestingly, mRNA fold induction level of virus-induced type I interferon (IFN) was attenuated by senescence, whereas IFN-mediated antiviral effect remained robust and potent in virus-infected senescent cells. Additionally, we show that a longevity-promoting gene, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), has antiviral role against influenza virus infection. In conclusion, our data indicate that enhanced viral replication by cellular senescence could be due to senescence-mediated reduction of virus-induced type I IFN expression.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.203-209
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• 2000

Background: Exercise is a very common precipitant of asthma. Bronche-constriction associated with exercise can occur in 75~90% of individuals with asthma The estimated prevalence(30~85%) of gastroesophageal reflux(GER) in patients with asthma is significantly higher than in general population. We performed pH monitoring during the exercise in order to evaluate whether exercise induced asthma(EIA) could be related to GER and acid reflux-induced esophagobronchial reflex-mediated bronchospasm might be a factor for EIA. Method: Following an overnight fast, 18 patients with a suspected EIA(6 men, 12 women) were studied. Monitoring of intraesophageal pH, ECG and spirometry was done for 1 hour before treadmill exercise. After baseline monitoring, subjects underwent symptom-limited treadmill exercise with Bruce protocol and continuous monitoring for 60 min after exercise. Spirometry was done at baseline prior to exercise, and repeated every 10 min after full exercise for 60 min. Results: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction was noted in 15 patients, who performed MBPT and 12 patients confirmed for bronchial asthma and 3 patients were diagnosed exercise-induced astham. Five of 15 EIA patients demonstrated a pathologic degree of GER. Conclusion: We suggest that GER may be one of pathophysiologic factors of EIA and evoke further concentration on the GER in the EIA patients.