• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2008

The occurrence of longitudinal cracking in concrete deck of box girder bridge is affected by many factors, but the most important factors are the shrinkage and thermal gradient of deck slabs. In this study, therefore, the tensile stresses at the bottom of deck were calculated from the experimental data(autogeneous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and thermal gradient of deck slab). Also, the possibility of longitudinal cracks at bottom of deck was estimated. For this purpose, full-scale box girder segments have been fabricated and tested. The thermal gradients and shrinkage strains of deck slabs were measured after placement of concrete. Also, analytic program was conducted for the evaluation of longitudinal cracking in bridge deck considering differential shrinkage induced from non-uniform moisture distributions in concrete.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.525-530
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• 2002

This study is peformed to propose the slab deck for the composite bridge with two girders. Considering the characteristics of the long span and the construction conditions in korea, a cast-in-place PSC deck was proposed for that bridge. To examine structural behaviors and safety of the proposed PSC deck, two real scale partitions of deck(12m$\times$3.2m) were tested under the fatigue loading. In the test, the failure mode and behaviors of each specimen, and the ultimate load carrying capacity of the two-girder-bridge deck were identified. Generally, the failure of concrete bridge deck is caused by the local punching shear stress resulting from the moving wheel load. Even though its ultimate flexural capacity is sufficiently larger than the demand, it could be failed by the punching shear fatigue. Therefore, the fatigue safety of the proposed PSC deck should be checked.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2010

This paper attempts to extract the fundamental dynamic properties, i.e. natural frequencies, damping ratios of the 48 m-long, $20^{\circ}$ skewed real bridge with PSC girders wrapped by a steel plate. The forced vibration test is achieved by mounting 12 Hz-capacity of artificial oscillator on the top of bridge deck. The acceleration histories at the 9 different locations of deck surface are recorded using accelerometors. From this full-scaled vibration test, the two possible resonance frequencies are detected at 2.38 Hz and 9.86 Hz of the skewed bridge deck by sweeping a beating frequency up to 12 Hz. The absolute acceleration/energy exhibits much higher in case of higher-order twist mode, 9.86 Hz due to the skewness of bridge deck which leads asymmetric situation of vibration. This implies the test bridge is under swinging vertically in fundamental flexure mode while the bridge is also flickered up and down laterally at 9.86 Hz. This is probably by asymmetric geometry of skewed deck. A detailed 3D beam-shell bridge models using finite elements are performed under a series of train loads for modal dynamic analyses. Thereby, the effect of skewness is examined to clarify the lateral flickering caused by asymmetrical geometry of bridge deck.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 고속도로 교량 바닥판 747개소의 GPR 데이터를 분석하여 주요 열화인자를 도출하고, 이들을 활용하여 교량의 공용연수에 따른 교량의 손상률을 추정하였다. 바닥판의 손상률 데이터를 공용연수에 따른 영향을 최소화하기 위해 공용연수에 따른 손상률 데이터를 선형회귀분석 모형을 사용하여 보정하였다. 보정된 바닥판 손상률과 강설일수, 강설량, 동결융해일수, 동절기평균기온, 고도, 제설제살포량, 환상교통량의 상관관계를 분석하였으며, 동결융해일수와 제설제살포량이 바닥판의 손상률에 지배적인 영향이 있음을 도출하였다. 동결융해일수와 제설제살포량을 동시에 고려하여 복합열화 상황 하에서 바닥판의 손상률 차트를 도출하고, 이를 기반으로 평균적인 예상 바닥판 수명을 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 고속도로 교량의 유지관리 시에 현 교량상황별로 바닥판의 열화진전 상태와 전단면 개량이 필요한 시점을 예상할 수 있는 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.906-913
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• 2006

The failure mechanism of a hollow bridge deck which is made of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) is investigated using both experiments and analysis. While the load-displacement behavior of the deck in the transverse direction shows a strong nonlinearity even in its initial response with relatively small magnitude of loads. In order to imporve the structural behavior of the deck in the transverse direction, we suggested that the empty space of the bridge deck is filled with a foam and investigated experimentally the static behavior of the orthotropic bridge deck which is made from GFRP and polyurethane foam. It is found that although the elastic modulus of the foam compared to that of the GFRP is about the order of $10^{-3}$, the structural behaviors in the weak axis such as nominal strength, stiffness, etc. are greatly improved. Owing to the low mass density of the foam used in this study, the bridge deck is still light enough with the improved structural properties.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제82권4호
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• pp.517-542
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• 2022

The effect of mean angle of wind attack on the flutter critical wind speed of two generic bridge deck cross-sections, viz, one closed box type streamlined section (deck-1) and closed box trapezoidal bluff type section with extended flanges/overhangs (deck-2) type of section have been studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based forced vibration simulation method. Owing to the importance of the effect of the amplitude of forcing oscillation on the flutter onset, its effect on the flutter derivatives and flutter onset have been studied, especially at non-zero mean angles of wind attack. The flutter derivatives obtained have been used to evaluate flutter critical wind speeds and flutter index of the deck sections at non-zero mean angles of wind attack studied and the same have been validated with those based on experimental results reported in literature. The value of amplitude of forcing oscillation in torsional degree of freedom for CFD based simulations is suggested to be in the range of 0.5° to 2°, especially for bluff bridge deck sections. Early onset of flutter from numerical simulations, thereby conservative estimate of occurrence of instability has been observed from numerical simulations in case of bluff bridge deck section. The study aids in gaining confidence and the extent of applicability of CFD during early stages of bridge design, especially towards carrying out studies on mean incident wind effects.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.1113-1116
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• 2008

실리카퓸, 플라이애쉬, 고로슬래등 미분말 혼화재가 포함된 고성능 콘크리트(High Performance Concrete) 교량 바닥판 보호공법은 1980년 초부터 북미를 중심으로 사용되어 왔다. 본 보고서에서는 교량 바닥판 보호를 위한 고성능 콘크리트 적용사례와 고성능 콘크리트를 이용한 두 가지 공법(고성능 콘크리트 교면포장공법, 노출 바닥판 공법)에 대해 소개한다. 위 두 공법은 이미 북미에서 많은 실적을 보유하고 있으며 특히, 실리카퓸과 PVA섬유가 포함된 고성능 콘크리트 교면포장공법은 국내에서도 성공적으로 적용되고 있다. 따라서 본고에서는 기존 아스팔트 재료를 대체할 수 있고, 최근 국내에서도 그 적용성에 대한 관심과 실 시공이 이루어지고 있는 고성능 콘크리트를 이용한 교면포장 (Overlay) 공법 및 노출 바닥판(Full depth) 공법에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.331-345
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• 2019

Long-span bridge decks are often shaped as streamlined to improve the aerodynamic performance of the deck. There are a number of important shaping parameters for a streamlined bridge deck. Their effects on aerodynamics should be well understood for shaping the bridge deck efficiently and for facilitating the bridge deck design procedure. This study examined the effect of various shaping parameters such as the bottom plate slope, width ratio and side ratio on aerodynamic responses of single box streamlined bridge decks by employing unsteady RANS simulation. Steady state responses and flow field were analyzed in detail for wide range of bottom plate slopes, width and side ratios. Then for a particular deck shape Reynolds number effect was investigated by varying its value from $1.65{\times}10^4$ to $25{\times}10^4$. The aerodynamic response showed very high sensitivity to the considered shaping parameters and exhibited high aerodynamic performance for a particular combination of shaping parameters.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.519-524
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• 2002

The long span PSC deck of composite girder bridge should be needed in order to improve the endurance and to simplify the structure of the steel bridge. However, there have been few domestic research activities about long-span PSC decks for the steel bridges with a small number of girders. In this study, a literature survey is performed to develop a new deck system for the steel bridge with a small number of girders. By considering the characteristics of a small number of girders bridge system, a cast-in-place long span PSC deck is proposed for a small number of girders bridges. To examine structural behavior and safety of the proposed PSC deck, the real scale partial models of the deck(12m$\times$3.2m) are tested under the static loading. In the test, the failure mode and behavior of each specimen, and ultimate load carrying capacity of the proposed PSC deck are identified.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1998년도 창립기념 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.564-571
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• 1998

The function of diaphragms at abutments and piers of prestressed concrete (PSC) box girder train bridge is to transfer forces from the superstructure onto bearings or column and to stiffen the superstructure cross-section against in-plane deformation. Due to large stress disturbance at diaphragm, the design for the diaphragm using conventional design method is relatively irrational than designs for other structual members. And, due to contribution to boundary condition of deck slab by the diaphragm, the behavior of deck slab near the diaphragm is different from behavior of the deck slab obtained from two dimensional analysis of the bridge, which is basis far the design of deck slab. In this paper, three dimensional behavior of deck slab near diaphragm of PSC box girder train bridge constructed by the precast span method are analyzed by using three dimensional finite element modeling. Then, strut-and-tie model is applied to design the diaphragm of PSC box girder train bridge. The modeling techniques in this paper can be applied effectively to examine the causes of cracks at deck slab near diaphragm and to design diaphragm rationally.