• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.429-435
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• 1989

A bacterial strain of Brevibaterium sp. CH1 was isolated and used to produce an enzyme (nitrile hydratase) necessary for earring out the bioconversion of acrylonitrile to acrylamide. The culture and reaction conditions, and medium optimization were studied for the strain. The conversion yield was nearly 100％ with a trace amount of acrylic acid produced. The strain showed strong activity of nitrile hydratase toward acrylonitrile and extremely low activity of the amidase toward acrylamide. We sought optimum culture conditions for the formation of nitrile hydratase by Brevibacterium sp. CH1. The effects of temperature and pH on the activity of free and immobilized tells were investigated. The nitrite hydratase of Brevibacterium sp. CH1 acted not only on various aliphatic nitrites such as acrylonitrile, propionitrile and acetonitrile, but also on aromatic nitrile as nicotinonitrile.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.676-681
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• 2010

Antibiotic resistant bacteria were isolated from livestock wastes and the resistance patterns were investigated using various antibiotic agents. Also, a gamma ray was tested regarding the aspects of the effect on resistance pattern and the efficiency of disinfection. Among the isolates, Esherichia coli and Brevibacterium sp. showed the most serious resistance patterns. Esherichia coli had resistance against 9 agents whereas Brevibacterium sp. against 7 agents. It can be suggested from these results that the abuse of antibiotic agents will cause a serious mutation problem even to Esherichia coli which is ubiquitous in the ecosystem. Esherichia coli could be easily controlled but Brevibacterium sp. had a moderate resistance to the gamma ray under low doses. In the case of Brevibacterium sp, more than 2.0 kGy of a radiation dose will be required in order to achieve an enhanced efficiency of disinfection.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 1990

A bacterial strain of Brevibacterium sp. CHI was isolated from soil and used to produce an enzyme (nitrile hydratase) necessary for carrying out the bioconversion of acrylonitrile to acrylamide. Various immobilization methods and enzyme stability were investigated. The nitrile hydratase showed the maximum stability at pH 7 for the free cells. EDTA and phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride were selected as the protease inhibitor and the enzyme stability was evaluated by changing inhibitor concentration. Acrylamide beads were the best carriers among four carriers we tested in terms of stability and physicoehemical strength. The storage stability of the immobilized cells decreased with increasing acrylamide concentration of the gel phase at 4$^{\circ}C$, and was very low at acrylarnide concentration above 25%.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 1991

Optimum culture conditions for the formation of nitrile hydratase by Brevibacterium sp. CH2 were investigated. Addition of ferric and ferrous ions greatly increased the nitrile hydratase formation. The effects of nitriles, amides, and acids as an inducer on the formation of nitrile hydratase were investigated. Isobutyramide was the best inducer among the tested compounds. When Brevibacterium sp. CH2 was cultivated for 23 h at $30^{\circ}C$ in a optimized medium containing 15 g of glucose, 5 g of bacto peptone, 3 g of yeast extract, 3 g of malt extract, 1 g of $KH_2$$PO_4$, 1 g of $K_2$$HPO_4$, 1 g of NaCl, 0.5 g of isobutyramide, 0.2 g of MgSO$_4$ㆍ7$H_2O$, and 0.02g of $FeSO_4$ㆍ$7H_2$O per liter of distilled water with pH controlled at 7.1, the maximum total activity was 665 units/ml of the culture broth and the specific activity was 70 units/mg of the dry cells. The medium optimization increased the specific activity of Brevibacterium sp. CH2 2.2 times.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 1974

In the cource of the studies on L-glutamic acid production from acetic acid, 383 strains capable of assimilating acetate as sole source of carbon were isolated from 279 kinds of soil sample. Out of them, 5 strains which produced relatively larger amount of L-glutamate from acetate were selected and named Brevibacterium flavum nov. sp. D1005B, Corynebacterium glutamicum nov. sp. D1025A, Brevib. flavum nov. sp. D2209B, Coryneb. acetoacidophilum nov. sp. D2212B and Coryneb. acetoacidophilum nov. sp. D2349A respectively.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.2-7
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• 2000

Bacterium strain, K-173-10, which was isolated from waste soil of Korean brewing factories, could grow on acetate as the sole carbone source and accumulate a considerable amount of L-glutamic acid (24g/l) in the liguid culture medium. This strain was named by Brevibacterium ammoniagenes sp. by the standard method of taxonomy procedures given in the Manual of Microbiogical Methods.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 2002

The sequence of 3,221 nucleotides immediately adjacent to rpsA gene encoding 30S ribosomal protein S1 of Brevibacterium ammoniagenes was determined. A putative open reading frame (ORF) of 2,670 nucleotides for a polypeptide of 889 amino acid residues and a TAG stop codon was found, which is located at a distance of 723 nucleotides upstream from rpsA gene with same translational direction. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ORF was found to be highly homologous to the DNA polymerase I of Streptomyces griseus (75.48％), Rhodococcus sp. ATCC 15963 (56.69％), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (55.46％) and Mycobacterium leprae (53.99％). It was suggested that the predicted product of the ORF is a DNA polymerase I with three functional domains. Two domains of 5 → 3 exonuclease and DNA polymerase are highly conserved with other DNA polymerase I, but 3 → 5 exonuclease domain is less conserved.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.244-251
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have described the importance of bacteria that can degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Here we screened bacterial isolates from commercial gasoline for PAH degraders and characterized their ability to degrade PAHs, lipids and proteins as well as their enantioselective epoxide hydrolase activity, salt tolerance, and seawater survival. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred two bacteria isolates from commercial gasoline were screened for PAH degraders by adding selected PAHs on to the surface of agar plates by the sublimation method. A clear zone was found only around the colonies of PAH degraders, which accounted for 13 isolates. These were identified as belonging to Bacillus sp., Brevibacterium sp., Micrococcus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Arthrobacter sp., and Gordonia sp. based on 16S rRNA sequences. Six isolates belonging to Corynebacterium sp., 3 of Micrococcus sp., Arthrobacter sp. S49, and Gordonia sp. H37 were lipid degraders. Arthrobacter sp. S49 was the only isolate showing high proteolytic activity. Among the PAH-degrading bacteria, Arthrobacter sp. S49, Brevibacterium sp. S47, Corynebacterium sp. SK20, and Gordonia sp. H37 showed enantioselective epoxide hydrolase activity with biocatalytic resolution of racemic styrene oxide. Among these, highest enantioselective hydrolysis activity was seen in Gordonia sp. H37. An intrinsic resistance to kanamycin was observed in most of the isolates and Corynebacterium sp. SK20 showed resistance to additional antibiotics such as tetracycline, ampicillin, and penicillin. CONCLUSION: Of the 13 PAH-degraders isolated from commercial gasoline, Arthrobacter sp. S49 showed the highest lipid and protein degrading activity along with high active epoxide hydrolase activity, which was the highest in Gordonia sp. H37. Our results suggest that bacteria from commercial gasoline may have the potential to degrade PAHs, lipids, and proteins, and may possess enantioselective epoxide hydrolase activity, high salt tolerance, and growth potential in seawater.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 1996

This study was attempted to investigate the production of L-tyrosine by Brevibacterium flavum ATCC 14067. To select the strain which produce more L-tyrosine, mutants were induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) treatment and phenylalanine auxotrophic mutants were induced by NTG and penicillin treatments. PFP resistant mutant was isolated from a phenylalanine auxotroph by retreatment with NTG and screened for increase of L-tyrosine production. PFP-326 mutant resistant to PPP (100ug/ml) was derived from phenylalanine auxotroph by mutagenesis with NTG and PFP-106 mutant resistant to PFP (1201g/ml) was derived from PFP-326 by mutagenesis with NTG. The composition of media for L-tyrosine production in strain PFP-106 was studied. PFP-106 mutant strain produced 50mg 11 of L-tyrosine while the parent strain produced 0.56mg 11 of L-tyrosine. The optimum composition of medium for L-tyrosine by strain PFP-106 was 10cA sucrose as carbon source, 3% ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source. The optimum cultural condition for producing L-tyrosine by strain PFP-106 was L-phenylalanine at a concentration of 1000g/mg.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.182-187
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• 1991

The effects of acrylonitrile and acrylamide on the enzyme action of nitrile hydratase of Brevibacterium sp. CH1 and CH2 strains used for the biotransformations of nitriles were studied. The excessive substrate (acrylonitrile) and product (acrylamide) inhibited the enzyme activity competitively. In comparison with 0.2 mol/l of CH1 strain, the substrate inhibition of CH2 strain began to appear only at a high acrylonitrile concentration of 0.91 mol/l. In a packed bed reactor, dispersed plug flow model was proposed and this model was proved to be valid by the experiment. Also acrylamide productivity decreased sharply when acrylamide concentration in the substrate solution exceeded 20％ (wt/v).