• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.307-310
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• 2021

In the recent years, studies using Computer-Aided Diagnostics(CAD) have been actively conducted, such as signal and image processing technology using breast ultrasound images, automatic image optimization technology, and automatic detection and classification of breast masses. As computer diagnostic technology is developed, it is expected that early detection of cancer will proceed accurately and quickly, reducing health insurance and test ice for patients, and eliminating anxiety about biopsy. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of tumors was conducted in ultrasound images using a gray level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM) to experiment with the possibility of use for computer assistance diagnosis.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.492-497
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• 2004

Purpose: it is very important to differentiate breast cancer from benign mass. There are many reports to evaluate the differential diagnosis under the several diagnostic tools. We evaluated the usefulness of mammography and Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography in the differential diagnosis of breast mass and correlated with pathologic findings. Materials and Methods: This study included 80 patients (a8e: 24-72, mean: 48.4) who underwent mammography and Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography for breast masses. Scintimammographies (anterior-posterior and lateral projections) were acquired in 10 minutes and 2 hours after intravenous injection of Tc-99m MIBI. four specialists in diagnostic radioloay and nuclear medicine evaluated the findings of breast masses under the mammography and Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography, and calculated the tumor to background (T/B) ratio. The pathologic results were obtained and we statistically analyzed the correlations between pathologic results and imaging findings under the mammography and Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography by chi-square and correlation test. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of mammography for detection of breast cancer were 87.5%, 56.3%, 75.0%), and 75.0% respectively. 45 cases of 80 patients were suspicious for breast cancer under the Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography. 41 cases of 45 patients were confirmed as breast cancer and the remaining 4 cases were confirmed as benign masses. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography for detection of breast cancer were 85.4%, 87.5%, 91.1%, and 80.8% respectively. The sensitivity of scintimammography was lower than that of mammography for detection of breast cancer, however the specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were higher. In the benign mass, the mean T/B ratio in 10 minutes was $1.409{\pm}0.30$, and that in 2 hours was $1.267{\pm}0.42$. The maximal T/B ratio of benign mass in 10 minutes was $1.604{\pm}0.42$, and that in 2 hours was $1.476{\pm}0.50$. In the malignant mass, the mean T/B ratio in 10 minutes was $2.220{\pm}1.07$, and that in 2 hours was $1.842{\pm}0.75$. The maximal T/B ratio of malignant mass was $2.993{\pm}1.94$, and that in 2 hours was $2.480{\pm}1.34$. And the T/B ratio under the early and delayed images were meaningful. Conclusion: The scintimammography is useful diagnostic tool to differentiate breast cancer from benign mass, although the sensitivity of mammography for detection of breast mass is high. Especially, the use of the T/B ratio is helpful to diagnose breast cancer.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.269-274
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• 1992

Authers retrospectively analyzed ultrasonographic findings of 12 cases of breast carcinomas which were proven pathologocally at Yeungnam University Hospital from March 1992 to August 1992. Classically, breast carcinomas were described as irregular and lobulated hypoechoic solid masses with inhomogenous internal echoes and frequent attenuation of the sound beam. And other additional ultrasonographic findings were echogenic rim, disruptions of superficial layer, microcalcification, skin thickening and so on. In our studies, not all of these findings of breast carcinomas were found in each case, but most of these findings were noted. However, several studies have demonstrated considerable overlap in the ultrasonographic appearance of benign lesions and carcinoma. Thus, accurate sonographic determination of the type of solid mass is not possible with current ultrasonographic imaging techniques and criteria. For more accurate diganosis of breast lesions, sonographic and other imaging techniqes are interpreted together.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1993

This study was performed in order to evaluate the accuracy and the usefulness of the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) on the breast lesions, to compare the FNAC findings between fibroadenoma and fibrocystic disease, and to determine the accuracy of cytologic Black's nuclear grading. The subjects in this study were 110 cases of FNAC, later confirmed by biopsy, between January 1988 and December 1991. The results are as follows ; 1 Comparison between the results of the FNAC and the histologic findings revealed that FNAC had a sensitivity of 96.6%, a specificity of 100%, a false negative rate of 3.4% a false positive rate of 0.0%, and an overall diagnostic accuracy of 98.2%. 2 Semi-quantitative evaluation of epithelial celluarity, stroma, and naked nuclei in the smears of aspirate showed high celluarity in 56.7% of the aspirates from fibroadenoma and in 0% of those from fibrocystic disease. Abundant stroma was found in 46.7% of the fibroadenoma and none of fibrocystic disease. Numerous naked nuclei were found in 60% of the fibroadenoma and 4.5% of the fibrocystic disease. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 98% 3. In order to determine the accuracy of Black's nuclear grading of FNAC on breast carcinoma, we retrospectively studied 38 cases of ductal carcinomas diagnosed by FNAC with subsequent histologic confirmation. The concordance rate with histology was 94.7%. These results suggest that FNAC of breast is a diagnostically accurate method, and provide for the preoperative differential diagnosis between fibroadenoma and fibrocystic disease. Our results also suggest that the evaluation of nuclear grading of FNAC can predict clinical outcome and decide the way of management of breast cancer.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.44 no.2 s.138
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• pp.151-156
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• 2006

A case of breast sparganosis was confirmed by surgical excision of a worm (fragmented into 5 pieces) in a 59-year-old Korean woman suffering from a palpable mass in the left breast. Mammography and ultrasonography characteristically revealed the presence of several well-defined, isodense and hypoechoic tubular masses, in the upper quadrant of the left breast, each mass consisting of a continuous cord- or worm-like structure. During surgery, a long segment of an actively moving sparganum of Spirometra sp. and 4 small fragments of the same worm, giving a total length of 20.3 cm, were extracted from the upper outer quadrant of the left breast and the axillary region. The infection source remains unclear, because the patient denied ingesting any snake or frog meat or drinking untreated water.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.3
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• pp.729-736
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• 2021

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms refer to two or more malignancies in an individual that are not related. We report a case of a 78-year-old male with concurrent breast mucinous carcinoma and extramammary lymphoma. The patient initially presented with palpable masses in the left breast and the right groin, which were pathologically confirmed after a surgical biopsy as breast mucinous carcinoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, respectively. He underwent whole-body 18-fluorine deoxyglucose PET/CT before surgery, and an enhancing nodular lesion in the left lingual tonsil was found incidentally. It was later confirmed as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, a pathology of the same type as the right inguinal mass. Unspecified lymphadenopathies in breast cancer patients may easily be considered as metastatic lesions. However, this case suggests that lymphomas should be included in the differential diagnoses to avoid misdiagnosis and treatment delay, especially in older adult patients.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.397-408
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• 2001

Currently, breast cancer ranks third among women' s cancers, and as its incidence is increasing, the incidence age is also becoming lower. Therefore it is necessary to address breast cancer for women in their twenties. As there is no way presently to prevent breast cancer, it is imperative that women take available interventions against predisposing factors. It is thus advisable that women acquire the necessary skills to recognize their own health status. The purposes of this study were to identify the effects of education on breast self-examination (BSE) through supportive education among college women during the period from August 2000 to February 2001, and to attempt to design an effective BSE educational program. The first class was implemented through lectures, pamphlets, videotapes, breast palpation on cloths, demonstration and practice for identification of breast masses through palpation using breast model. Supportive education was implemented bimonthly to the experimental group, and effects of the education between experimental and control groups were compared 6 months later. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The effects on supportive education of college women in BSE 1) The mean score of retained knowledge about breast cancer and BSE was 30.88 in the experimental group, and 29.66 in the control group and significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group (t= -2.062, p= 0.041). 2) Frequency of BSE practice was significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group($\chi^2=0.045$, p=0,012). 3) The mean accuracy score in BSE practice was 19.10 in the experimental group, and 18.29 in the control group; accuracy was higher in the experimental group than in the control(t= -2.035, p= 0.444). 4) The mean score of self-efficacy was 35.05 in the experimental group, and 31.22 in the control group. The experimental group mean score was higher(t=-3.016, p=0.003). 2. There was a statistically significant correlation between self-efficacy and accuracy of BSE(r=0.447, p=0.000), knowledge of breast cancer and BSE(r= 0.306, p=0.000) and frequency of BSE(r=0,259, p=0,002) but no significant correlation between knowledge of breast cancer and BSE and frequency of BSE (r=0.071, p=0.403). On the basis of this study, periodic supportive education can increase knowledge of breast cancer and BSE, frequency of BSE, accuracy of BSE and self-efficacy. Suggestions: 1. There is a need to compare the effects of individual programs to acquire BSE behaviors in the young. 2. Further research is needed to test the continuity of the effects of BSE education.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10643-10646
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• 2015

Background: To study the relationship between mammographic findings and clinical/pathologic features in women with 1-15mm sized invasive breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We investigated a consecutive series of 134 cases diagnosed in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital in 2007. Mammographic findings were classified into five groups as follows :1) stellate mass without calcification; 2) non-stellate mass without calcification; 3) intermediate suspicious calcification with or without associated mass; 4) higher probability malignant calcification with or without associated mass; 5) focal asymmetry/distortion without associated calcification. Associations between mammographic and clinical/pathological features (menopause status/family history/histologic grade/lymph node status and ER/PR/HER2 status) was analyzed through logistic regression and chi square tests. Results: Compared to the stellate mass without calcification group, higher probability malignant calcification patients were associated significantly with a positive lymph node status, always presenting in patients who were non-menopausal and with a family history of carcinoma. Conclusions: Higher probability malignant calcifications with or without associated tumor masses are associated with clinical/pathologic features of poor prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.2
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• pp.417-422
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• 2021

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare neuroectodermal disease that is associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Here, we report a rare case of bilateral breast cancer in a 49-year-old woman with NF1 that presented as a microlobulated oval hypoechoic mass and a complex cystic solid mass on sonography. She underwent bilateral mastectomy. The masses were diagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, and a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. We describe the imaging findings, including ultrasonography, CT, and ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.398-408
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• 2023

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the radiological and clinical characteristics of benign adenomyoepitheliomas of the breast. Materials and Methods Over the last 20 years, 120 patients were histologically diagnosed with breast adenomyoepithelioma (AME) at our institution. We excluded 43 patients who were incidentally diagnosed during mastectomy for breast cancer, 28 who underwent percutaneous biopsy without further excision, and 8 who had biopsy-confirmed benign AME and were found to have another pathology after complete excision. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and radiological findings of the remaining 41 patients with histologically diagnosed benign breast AMEs after complete excision. Results All 41 patients underwent US; 38 underwent mammography (MG) and US; and 18 underwent MG, US, and MRI. MG detected 38 cases with a round or oval shape (56%), and mass (89%), were non-circumscribed (62%), hyperdense (53%), and without microcalcifications (95%). Breast US revealed suspicious masses (98%) with a non-circumscribed margin (66%), hypoechogenicity (43%), and intratumoral vascularity (63%). All lesions on breast MRI showed suspicious masses (100%) with ill-defined margins (61%), and 84% showed wash-out kinetics. Benign AMEs showed suspicious features of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 or 5 in 83%-95% of the MG, US, and MRI. Sixteen of the 41 cases were misdiagnosed on the initial core needle biopsy and two were diagnosed as malignancy. Conclusion Benign breast AME often shows suspicious radiological features mimicking a malignant mass on MG, US, and MRI. Differentiating benign AME from other pathologies might be difficult on core needle biopsy, and complete excision is needed for a correct diagnosis.