• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6511-6516
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• 2012

Recently, we reported that an ethanol extract of Iris nertschinskia induces p53-dependent apoptosis in the MCF7 human breast cancer cell line. However, the detailed mechanisms were not fully explored. Here, we demonstrate another aspect of the activity of I. nertschinskia in breast cancer cells. We compared the response to an ethanol extract of I. nertschinskia in two different human breast cancer cell lines, Hs578Tand MDA-MB231, respectively with relatively low and high AKT1/2 activity by trypan blue exclusion assay and FACS analysis. Knockdown of endogenous AKT1 or AKT2 in breast cancer cells by RNA interference determined the sensitivity to I. nertschinskia ethanol extract compared to control cells. The I. nertschinskia ethanol extract induced cell death in a manner that depended on the level of phosphorylated AKT1/2 protein and was associated with a significant increase in the sub-G1 cell population, indicative of apoptosis. Our results indicate that an ethanol extract of I. nertschinskia differentially induces cell death in breast cancer cells depending on their level of phosphorylated AKT1/2.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 2009

The cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells and anti-tumor effect in Balb/c mice of a 70% ethanol extract from masou salmon (MSE) was investigated. The cancer cell lines including human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatoblastoma (HepG2), human gastric carcinoma (AGS), human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and transformed primary human embryonal kidney (293) exposed to MSE decreased cell viability as indicated by the MTT assay. The MSE shows significant cytotoxicity on MCF-7, A549, HepG2, AGS and HeLa cells, and are more active than 293 cells. The treatment with 1 mg/mL MSE resulted in 9.2%, 12.7%, 16.6%, and 16.9% cell survival against A549, MCF-7, HepG2, and AGS cells, respectively. Moreover, anticancer effect in vivo of MSE was tested in the animal system using Balb/c mice transplanted sarcoma-180 cells. MSE showed inhibition of tumor growth and the rate of inhibition was 44.7% and 55.7% at the 25 mg/kg body weight and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Thus, we suggest that MSE could be a beneficial material for human cancer prevention.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

Biologically stabilized gold nanoparticles were synthesized from the flower aqueous extract of T. divaricata. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Zeta sizer, FTIR and TEM analysis. T. divaricata reduced gold nanoparticles having particle size and potential of 106.532 nm and -10.2 mV, respectively, with a characteristic peak of 550 nm in UV-visible spectrophotometer. FTIR graph after comparison between the crude flower extract and gold nanoparticles showed three major shifts in the functional groups. The morphology and size of the gold nanoparticles were examined by HRTEM analysis, which showed that most of the nanoparticles were nearly spherical with size of 100 nm. The gold nanoparticles synthesized demonstrated potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line. The findings conclude that the antioxidant molecule present in T. divaricata may be responsible for both reduction and capping of gold nanoparticles which possess potential applications in medicine and pharmaceutical fields.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.952-959
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• 2011

Novel phosphorylated derivatives of ribavirin 5-16 were synthesized by the reaction of 4-nitrophenyl phosphorodichloridate with various amino acid esters in the presence of triethylamine in dry tetrahydrofuran through the intermediates 3. On further reaction of 3 with ribavirin in THF and pyridine in the presence of TEA afforded the title compounds 5-16. Their structures were characterized by IR, $^1H$, $^{13}C$, $^{31}P$ NMR and mass spectral analyses. All the title compounds were found to exhibit potent in vitro anticancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.638-647
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• 1998

Protein Kinase C (PKC) activators, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), bryostatin, and dioctanoyl glycerol (DiC8), induce translocation of PKC isozymes from cytoplasm to plasma membrane or into nucleus. The activated PKC negatively modulates growth of human breast cancer cells. Antiproliferative effect and translocation of PKC were investigated in MCF-7 cells. The translocation of activated PKC isozymes by PMA, bryostatin and DiC8 was occurred at the various different regions in MCF-7 cell. PKC $\alpha$ and $\beta$ could be translocated to the nucleus or the nuclear mem-brane, and PKC $\delta$and $\varepsilon$ to cell membrane by PMA while DiC8 and bryostatin induced the translocation of PKC $\alpha$ and $\beta$ to the nucleus or plasma membrane, respectively. In the antiproliferative effect of PKC activators, PMA ($IC_{50}$/ values of 1.2$\pm$0.3nM) and DiC8 ($IC_{50}$/ values of 5.0$\pm$1.1$\mu$M) inhibited the cell growth. Bryostatin also inhibited the cell growth but to a much less degree than one obser-ved with PMA : 16% growth reduction by 100nM bryostatin. However, PMA treated with bryostatin induced gro-wth inhibition, but PMA with DiC8 at 10$\mu$M was not effective. These results suggest that each PKC isozyme is tran-slocated to various specific sites, and that especially, PKC $\alpha$ isozyme plays an important role in control of antiprolife-raive function of cell growth.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.2219-2223
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• 2012

Human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ($hPPAR{\gamma}$) has been implicated in numerous pathologies, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Previously, we verified that amentoflavone is an activator of $hPPAR{\gamma}$ and probed the molecular basis of its action. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action of amentoflavone in cancer cells and demonstrated that amentoflavone showed strong cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cell lines. We showed that $hPPAR{\gamma}$ expression in MCF-7 and HeLa cells is specifically stimulated by amentoflavone, and suggested that amentoflavone-induced cytotoxic activities are mediated by activation of $hPPAR{\gamma}$ in these two cancer cell lines. Moreover, amentoflavone increased PTEN levels in these two cancer cell lines, indicating that the cytotoxic activities of amentoflavone are mediated by increasing of PTEN expression levels due to $hPPAR{\gamma}$ activation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2007

Saussurea Radix, the dried roots of Saussurea lappa Clark (Compositae), has been used in oriental traditional medicine for aromatic stomachic. Present study was carried out for the anticancer effect of Saussurea Radix. Bioassay-directed fractionation of Saussurea Radix led to the isolation of two sesquiterpenes, dehydrocostuslactone (1) and costunolide (2). The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectral methods (MS, IR, $^1$H and $^{13}$C NMR). These compounds showed a potent cell proliferation activity against human breast cancer cell MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 1999

Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) has been considered to be as one of major antioxidants present in grapes responsible for beneficial effects of red wine consumption on coronary heart disease. This triphenolic stilbene has been suggested as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent based on its striking inhiitory effects on diverse cellular events associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. The compound has strong antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities which amy contribute to its chemopreventive/chemoprotective properties. In the present work, we have found that resveratrol reduces viability and DNA synthesis capability of cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Likewise, the viability of human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 was reduced by resveratrol treatment. The growth inhibitory and antiproliferative properties of resveratrol appear to be associated with its induction of apoptotic cell death as determined by morphological and ultrastructural changes, agarose gel electrphoretic analysis of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and in situ terminal end-labeling of fragmented DNA (TUNEL). This compound also inhibited the phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein in immortalized human mammary epithelial MCF-10A cells. These results suggest that resveratrol has the promising cancer therapeutic/chemopreventive potential.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.6 s.86
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• pp.778-782
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• 2007

The Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) is widely used as an inhibitor of flavoenzymes, particularly NADPH oxidase. In this study, we investigated the effect of DPI on the cell growth progression of human colon cancer cells HCT-116 (wild-type p53), HT-29 (p53 mutant) and human breast cancer cells MCF-7 (wild-type p53). DPI treatment in cancer cells evoked a dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition, and also induced the cell cycle arrest in C2/M phase. The peak of cell population arrested in C2/M phase was observed at12 hr after treatment of DPI. In addition, DPI significantly induced the expression of p53, which induces proapoptotic genes in response to DNA damage or irreparable cell cycle arrest, at 6 hr in DPI-stimulated cells. However, a catechol apocynin, which inhibits the assembly of NADPH oxidase, did not induce p53 expression. This suggest that p53 expression induced by DPI is not associated with the inhibition of NADPH oxidase. In conclusion, we suggest that DPI induces the expression of wild-type p53 by ROS-in-dependent mechanism in several cancer cells, and upregulated p53 may be involved in regulatory mechanisms for growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest at C2/M phase in DPI-stimulated cells.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.233-240
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• 2015

The novelty of this study resides in a 6"-wafer-level microfabrication protocol for a microdevice with a fluidic control system for the separation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from human whole blood cells. The microdevice utilizes a lateral magnetophoresis method based on immunomagnetic nanobeads with anti-epithelial cell adhesive molecule antibodies that selectively bind to epithelial cancer cells. The device consists of a top polydimethylsiloxane substrate for microfluidic control and a bottom substrate for lateral magnetophoretic force generation with embedded v-shaped soft magnetic microwires. The microdevice can isolate about 93% of the spiked cancer cells (MCF-7, a breast cancer cell line) at a flow rate of 40/100 mL/min with respect to a whole human blood/buffer solution. For all isolation, it takes only 10 min to process 400 mL of whole human blood. The fabrication method is sufficiently simple and easy, allowing the microdevice to be a mass-producible clinical tool for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized medicine.