• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2009

유방 촬영술(Digital mammography)은 유방암의 조기 진단에서 매우 중요한 진단 방법으로서 비촉지성 유방암의 조기 발견율을 높여 유방암에 따른 여성의 사망률을 감소시키고 있다. 그 중에서도 유방 병변의 미세석회화(Microcalcification)는 조기 유방암의 진단에 있어서 중요한 병변으로 보고 되고 있으며, 선별 검사로 임상적 유용성이 확립된 상태이다. 유방 촬영술에서 미세석회화 소견은 영상의학과 전문의가 판독하여 조직 검사에서 양성 및 악성 병변에 대하여 각각 군집의 개수, 군집 당 석회화 수, 미세석회화 크기와 범위, 미세석회화 형태, 동반 종괴의 유무 등을 분석하여 최종적으로 진단을 확정한다. 그러므로 군집화된 미세석회화의 정보는 유방암 예측에 있어 임상적인 실질 정보를 가지고 있으며, 의사에게 진단을 위한 검사의 기본적인 가이드라인을 제시한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유방 촬영술의 디지털 영상에 나타난 미세석회화의 정량적인 계산을 위해서 DoG filter, Adaptive thresholding, Expectation Maximization의 3단계를 제안한다. 제안한 알고리듬을 실험을 통하여 군집화 및 각 클러스터 내의 미세석회화의 분포 개수, 길이를 측정하였으며, 임상의 사에게 디지털 유방영상의 분석을 통하여 초기 유방암 진단의 지표를 제시할 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 이는 객관적인 유방암 컴퓨터자동검출(CAD)에 사용될 수 있는 병변의 정보로서 가능성을 보였다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2010

연구목적 디스트레스를 조기에 발견하여 치료하는 것이 효율적인 암 환자의 관리에 필수적이라는 인식이 확대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유방암 환자들의 디스트레스의 유병률을 조사하고, 그 디스트레스가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 방 법 서울의 한 대학병원 유방암 환우회 환자 95명을 대상으로 병원우울불안척도, 불면증심각도척도, 사건충격척도 개정판, Functional assessment of cancer therapy-Breast(FACT-B)를 시행하였다. 결 과 디스트레스의 유병률은 우울 26.3%, 불안 26.3%, 불면 13.7%, 외상후스트레스장애 증상 24.3%였다. 한가지 이상의 디스트레스를 겪고 있는 환자는 전체의 47.4%였으며, 이들은 정상군에 비해 FACT-B 총점으로 측정한 삶의 질 평균점수가 유의하게 낮았다(82.91 vs. 107.20, p<0.001). 정상범위의 환자들에서도 디스트레스와 삶의 질은 유의한 관계를 보였다. 결 론 유방암 환자의 디스트레스를 조기에 발견하기 위한 주기적인 선별검사와 적절한 치료가 필요하다.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2012

Purpose: This micro-ethnographic study aimed to understand coping experiences of Korean-American (K-A) women after diagnosis with breast cancer due to a hereditary gene mutation. Methods: Participatory observation and in-depth interviews were performed at one breast cancer screening center in Southern California, in 2005 with eleven first generation K-A immigrant women. All transcribed interviews and field notes were analyzed using ethnographic methodology. Results: K-A women's experience varied based on acculturation risk factors including: limited English speaking ability; disrupted family relationships, individualistic family values, or intergenerational communication barriers; lack of Korean speaking nurses; and Korean physicians' who lacked knowledge about hereditary breast cancer risk. These risk factors led to isolation, loneliness, lack of emotional and social support. In comparison to Korean homeland women in a similar medical situation, these K-A immigrants felt disconnected from the healthcare system, family support and social resources which increased their struggling and impeded coping during their survivorship journey. These women were not able to access self-support groups, nor the valuable resources of nurse navigator programs. Conclusion: Professional oncology associations for nurses and physicians have a moral obligation to support and promote knowledge of hereditary cancer risk and self-help groups for non-native speaking immigrants.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.65-68
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• 2013

Muir-Torre syndrome is defined by concurrent or sequential development of internal malignancy and sebaceous neoplasm or multiple keratoacanthomas. Muir-Torre syndrome is very rare, with only 205 cases reported in the literature. We reported a patient with Muir-Torre syndrome with three internal malignancies. A 64-year-old patient with a history of breast cancer, stomach cancer and colon cancer visited our department for treatment of the skin lesion that occurred five years before on the left cheek. The lesion was excised completely with a resection margin of 1 cm, followed by full-thickness skin graft from left postauricular area for reconstruction. Histopathology revealed a $0.2{\times}0.2{\times}0.1cm$ sized sebaceous carcinoma with 4 mm safety margin. The skin graft was well taken within 7 days after surgery and the patient was discharged to outpatient follow-up. There was no complication related with surgery. Muir-Torre syndrome is very rare, as are sebaceous gland tumors. So if a cancer of the sebaceous gland is diagnosed, screening workup for internal malignancy is recommended. Because of its good prognosis, surgical removal of primary or metastatic cancers may be curative and should be attempted where possible.

• 셀메드
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.27.1-27.6
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• 2020

Cancer is one of the leading cause of mortality in India as well as worldwide. The management of cancer by conventional therapy has shown life threatening adverse effects. The researchers are now exploring the natural way of treatment. Unani system of medicine have rich literature for cancer and many compound formulations have been described in this system. Unani system of medicine is based on holistic approach and treat human being as a unit with natural herbs, mineral and animal origin drugs. An important compound Unani formulation (CUF) from the literature has been chosen to explore the Unani claim of its anticancer activity. The phytochemical constituents were assessed using standard phytochemical screening method. Antioxidant property of this formulation was assessed by DPPH assay. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay was carried out by colorimetric method and ascorbic acid was taken as a positive control. Three different extracts of CUF on different concentrations were used to screening on human breast cancer (BCC) MCF-7 cell line. For the estimation of in-vitro cytotoxic potency of the investigated extracts was assessed on MTT assay by using trypan blue method and paclitaxel was used as the standard. Hydro-ethanolic (HE) extract showed highest free radical scavenging activity among all extracts. DPPH Assay showed substantial antioxidant activity of these extracts in hydro-ethanol extract at 1㎍ concentration of CUF. The CUF showed antioxidant and anticancer activity. The claim made by Unani physician has been proved.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.754-762
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• 2021

Background: Ginsenoside Rh2, a major saponin derivative in ginseng extract, is recognized for its anti-cancer activities. Compared to coding genes, studies on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) that are regulated by Rh2 in cancer cells, especially on competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) are sparse. Methods: LncRNAs whose promoter DNA methylation level was significantly altered by Rh2 were screened from methylation array data. The effect of STXBP5-AS1, miR-4425, and RNF217 on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells was monitored in the presence of Rh2 after deregulating the corresponding gene. The ceRNA relationship between STXBP5-AS1 and miR-4425 was examined by measuring the luciferase activity of a recombinant luciferase/STXBP5-AS1 plasmid construct in the presence of mimic miR-4425. Results: Inhibition of STXBP5-AS1 decreased apoptosis but stimulated growth of the MCF-7 cells, suggesting tumor-suppressive activity of the lncRNA. MiR-4425 was identified to have a binding site on STXBP5-AS1 and proven to be downregulated by STXBP5-AS1 as well as by Rh2. In contrast to STXBP5-AS1, miR-4425 showed pro-proliferation activity by inducing a decrease in apoptosis but increased growth of the MCF-7 cells. MiR-4425 decreased luciferase activity from the luciferase/STXBP5-AS1 construct by 26%. Screening the target genes of miR-4425 and Rh2 revealed that Rh2, STXBP5-AS1, and miR-4425 consistently regulated tumor suppressor RNF217 at both the RNA and protein level. Conclusion: LncRNA STXBP5-AS1 is upregulated by Rh2 via promoter hypomethylation and acts as a ceRNA, sponging the oncogenic miR-4425. Therefore, Rh2 controls the STXBP5-AS1/miR-4425/RNF217 axis to suppress breast cancer cell growth.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1327-1331
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• 2014

Background: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a new non-invasive, mobile screening method which does not use ionizing radiation to the human breast; allows conducting quantitative assessment of the images besides the visual interpretation. The aim of this study was to correlate the quantitative assessment and visual interpretation of breast electrical impedance tomographs and associated factors. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty mammography patients above 40 years and undergoing EIT were chosen using convenient sampling. Visual interpretation of the images was carried out by a radiologist with minimum of three years experience using the breast imaging - electrical impedance (BI-EIM) classification for detection of abnormalities. A set of thirty blinded EIT images were reinterpreted to determine the intra-rater reliability using kappa. Quantitative assessment was by comparison of the breast average electric conductivity with the norm and correlations with visual interpretation of the images were determined using Chi-square. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the mean electrical conductivity between groups and t-test was used for comparisons with pre-existing Caucasians statistics. Independent t-tests were applied to compare the mean electrical conductivity of women with factors like exogenous hormone use and family history of breast cancer. Results: The mean electrical conductivity of Malaysian women was significantly lower than that of Caucasians (p<0.05). Quantitative assessment of electrical impedance tomography was significantly related with visual interpretation of images of the breast (p<0.05). Conclusions: Quantitative assessment of electrical impedance tomography images was significantly related with visual interpretation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9101-9105
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• 2014

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and effectiveness of automated breast volume scanning (ABVS) and hand-held ultrasound (HHUS) in the detection of breast cancer in a large population group with a long-term follow-up, and to investigate whether different ultrasound systems may influence the estimation of cancer detection. Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective study, and informed consent was waived. From September 2010 to August 2011, a total of 1,866 ABVS and 3,700 HHUS participants, who underwent these procedures at our institute, were included in this study. Cancers occurring during the study and subsequent follow-up were evaluated. The reference standard was a combination of histology and follow-up imaging (${\geq}12months$). The recall rate, cancer detection yield, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were calculated with exact 95% confidence intervals. Results: The recall rate was 2.57 per 1,000 (48/1,866) for ABVS and 3.57 per 1,000 (132/3,700) for HHUS, with a significant difference (p=0.048). The cancer detection yield was 3.8 per 1,000 for ABVS and 2.7 per 1,000 for HHUS. The diagnostic accuracy was 97.7% for ABVS and 96.5% for HHUS with statistical significance (p=0.018). The specificity of ABVS and HHUS were 97.8%, 96.7%, respectively (p=0.022). Conclusions: ABVS shows a comparable diagnostic performance to HHUS. ABVS is an effective supplemental tool for mammography in breast cancer detection in a large population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8191-8195
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• 2014

Background: Around 200,000 breast disorders are annually diagnosed all over the world. Fibrocystic changes are the most common breast disorder and fibroadenoma is the most prevalent benign breast tumor. The present study aimed to determine the spectrum, type and prevalence of breast masses in women referred to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between 2004 and 2012. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the diagnostic reports data. Results: A total of 640 samples were studied. Most 57.3% of masses were detected in the left breast, 65%, 28.2% and 6.1% of cases presenting with benign, malignant, and inflammatory lesions, respectively. Among all the samples the most prevalent diagnosis (37.7%) was fibroadenoma and fibrocystic lesions (17%). 174 samples (96% of the malignant cases) were invasive. 6.5% of the benign, and 37% of the malignant cases occurred in post menopause women and the differences were statistically significant. Among those with malignant tumors lymph nodes were involved in 25.6% of menopausal women and 44.2% of non-menopausal ones, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: Regular clinical breast examination beside mammographic follow-ups, especially during menopause, should be carried out as a priority and a national organized program should be designed for screening breast disorders.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6839-6844
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• 2013

This study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of non-performance of mammography, and associated factors, among postmenopausal women. This analytical, exploratory, cross-sectional study, of a domicile population inquiry type, was performed in the municipality of Maringa, Parana, Brazil. A total of 456 women were interviewed, aged 45 to 69 years, who presented with natural menopause and cessation of menstruation for at least twelve months. Statistical associations were found between the non-performance of mammography and schooling of less than seven years, paid employment, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, the non-use of hormone replacement therapy, not having consulted a doctor in the previous year, not having consulted a gynecologist, lacking a family history of breast cancer, not having performed the Papanicolaou test, not having performed clinical breast examination, and not having difficult access to health services. After logistic regression analysis, not performing mammography was associated with reports of a fair or bad health status. The study data revealed factors "responsible" for the non-performance of mammography, and the results should contributing to improvement/enhancement of healthy behaviour of Brazilian women in the post-menopausal phase.