• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3607-3612
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• 2014

Background: In recent years, numerous studies have been performed to investigate the CCND1 G870A gene polymorphism impact on brain tumors susceptibility. Unfortunately, the results of previous studies were inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of any association. Materials and Methods: We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase and CNKI covering all published papers up to November, 2013. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were applied to assess associations. Results: A total of 6 publications including 9 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled ORs for the total included studies showed significant association among comparison A vs G (OR= 1.246, 95%CI= 1.092-1.423, p= 0.001), homozygote comparison AA vs GG (OR= 1.566, 95%CI= 1.194-2.054, p= 0.001), heterozygote comparison AG vs GG (OR= 1.290, 95%CI= 0.934-1.782, p= 0.122), dominant model AA/GA vs GG (OR= 1.381, 95%CI= 1.048-1.821, p= 0.022) and recessive model AA vs GA/GG (OR= 1.323, 95%CI= 1.057-1.657, p= 0.015) especially in glioma. Conclusions: CCND1 G870A polymorphism may increase brain tumor risk, especially for gliomas. However, more primary large scale and well-designed studies are still required to evaluate the interaction of CCND1 G870A polymorphism with brain tumor risk.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2007

연구목적: 알코올의존에 내재된 분자생물학적 기전을 이해하고 알코올리즘 치료 약물의 새로운 표적을 알아내기 위해서는, 알코올에 반응하는 유전자 혹은 반응 경로를 알아내는 것이 필요하다. DNA microarray 기법의 발달로 고전적 연구 방법과 달리 동시에 수천 수만개의 유전자의 표현을 검사하는 것이 가능하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 알코올을 흰쥐의 신경아교종 세포에 처리했을 때 어떤 유전자의 발현을 조절하는지 DNA microarray를 이용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 흰쥐 신경아교종 C6 세포주를 배양하여 에탄올 처리하고 총 RNA를 분리한 후 유전자 발현 양상을 조사하기 위해 cDNA microarray를 수행하였다. 결 과: 에탄올 처리군과 대조군간의 유전자 발현의 차이를 비교 분석한 결과 에탄올이 처리된 군에서 대조군에 비해 15개의 유전자가 발현이 증가하였고 12개의 유전자가 발현이 감소하였다. 발현이 증가한 유전자는 Orthodenticle(Drosophila) homolog 1, procollagen type II, adenosine A2a receptor, GATA-bindning protein2를 포함하고 있었고, 발현이 감소한 유전자는 diacylglycerol kinase beta, PRKC, Protein phosphatase 1, clathrin-associated protein 17, nucleoporin p58, proteasome를 포함하였다. 결 론: 흰쥐의 신경아교종 세포주에 알코올을 처치하였을 때 급성기에 알코올에 반응하여 발현이 증가하거나 감소한 유전자는 전반적으로 전사의 조절, 신호전달체계, 허혈성 뇌손상의 중재, 신경세포의 퇴행에 관여하는 것들이었다. 본 연구는 유전자 발현 시스템을 이용하여 에탄올에 반응하는 새로운 후보 유전자들을 관찰하였다는데 의의가 있다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.467-475
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• 2000

The water extracts of Jagamcho-tang has been used for treatment of arrhythmia and palpitation in oriental traditional medicine. Brain is provided with blood flow by heart. Jagamcho-tang has been studied on ischemia and infarction in heart. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the water extracts of Jagamcho-tang rescues brain cells from ischemic damages. To elucidate the protective mechanism on ischemic induced cytotoxicity, the effects of Jagamcho-tang on ischemia induced cytotoxicity and generation of nitric oxide(NO) are investigated in C6 glioma cells. Jagamcho-tang induce NO in a dose dependent manner up to 2.5mg/ml in C6 glioma cells. The pretreatment of Jagamcho-tang protect sodium nitroprusside(SNP) (2mM) induced cytotoxicity. This effect of Jagamcho-tang is mimicked by treatment by pretreatment of SNP($100{\mu}M$), an exogenous NO donor. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine($N^{G}MMA$), a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), significantly blocks the protective effects of Jagamcho-tang on cell toxicity by ischemia. In addition, lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and phorhol 12 myristate 13-acetate(PMA) treatment for 72h in C6 glial cells markedly induce NO, but treatment of the cells with the water extracts of Jagamcho-tang decrease nitrite formation in a dose dependent manner. In addition, LPS and PMA treatment for 72h induce severe cell death and LDH release into medium in C6 glial cells. However treatment of the cells with the water extracts of Jagamcho-tang dose not induce significant changes compare to control cells. Furthermore, the protective effects of the water extracts of Jagamcho-tang is mimicked by treatment of $N^{G}MMA$. Taken together, I suggest that the protective effects of the water extracts of Jagamcho-tang against ischemic brain damages may be mediated by regulation of iNOS during ischemic condition.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제8권1_2호
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• pp.39-47
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• 1974

The purpose of this study is to evalute the diagnostic value of the brain scanning and compare the diagnostic accuracy between the scan and carotid angiography. 109 cases which are proved by specific method to each disease, are analized to evalute the diagnostic value of the brain scanning. The 70 cases among the proven 109 case are performed both the scanning and the arteriography and analized to compare the accuracy between the scanning and the arteriography. The results are as follows; 1. The diagnostic accuracy of the brain scanning in the diseases of the central nervous system is 64.2%. 2. The diagnostic accuracy of the brain scanning in the brain tumor is 88%, especially brain abscess. glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, menirgioma and metastic tumor show high positive rate. 3. The diagnostic accuracy in the disease of the brain vessels is 54 %. 4. The comparison of the diagnostic value between the scanning and the arteriography is as follows; 1) The diagnostic value in all diseases of the central nervous system is nearly equal. 2) The diagnostic accuracy in the intracranial tumor is slightly higher in the brain scanning (90.9%) than in the arteriography (81.8%). 3) The diagnostic accuracy in the disease of the brain vessel is higher in the arteriography (77.3%) than in the scanning (54.5%). 5) The diagnostic value when combining the scanning and the arteriography, is 83% in the all central nervous system-lesions, 97% in the cranial tumor and 81.8% in the disease of the central nervous system-vessel. The brain scanning is simple and safe procedure, and moreover has excellent diagnostic value in the diagnosis of the central nervous system lesion.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.52-55
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• 2004

Secretory meningioma is a distinct subtype of meningioma. We describe the cytologic features of a secretory meningioma on squash preparations, in comparision with other cytologic mimickers. A 54-year-old woman presented with hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, and headache for seven years. A brain MRI study revealed a 4.5cm sized mass in the cerebellopontine angle, which showed homogenous signal intensity in T2-weighted image. The intraoperative squash smear showed some well-defined, thin rimmed intracytoplasmic inclusions, containing a finely granular eosinophilic core among less cohesive meningiomatous cells. Histologic sections revealed a meningothelial meningioma with scattered inclusions, with periodic acid-Schiff, carcinoembryonic antigen, and cytokeratin positivity. Identification of characteristic intracytoplasmic inclusions is helpful for diagnosing secretory meningiomas. On squash preparations, differential diagnoses included tumors with inclusions or cytoplasmic vacuolizations, such as metastatic mammary infiltrating ductal carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and clear cell ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, hemangioblastoma, chordoma, and other variants of meningiomas (clear cell, xanthomatous, microcytic, and chordoid variants). In addition, the possibilities of glioma with eosinophilic granular body, and metastatic tumors from mammary infiltrating ductal carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma in meningioma should be considered.

• Brain Tumor Research and Treatment
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.78-81
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• 2018

Gliosarcoma (GS), known as variant of glioblastoma multiforme, is aggressive and very rare primary central nervous system malignant neoplasm. They are usually located in the supratentorial area with possible direct dural invasion or only reactive dural thickening. However, in this case, GS was located in lateral side of left posterior cranial fossa. A 78-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with 3 month history of continuous dizziness and gait disturbance without past medical history. A gadolinium-enhanced MRI demonstrated $5.6{\times}4.8{\times}3.2cm$ sized mass lesion in left posterior cranial fossa, heterogeneously enhanced. The patient underwent left retrosigmoid craniotomy with navigation system. The tumor was combined with 2 components, whitish firm mass and gray colored soft & suckable mass. On pathologic report, the final diagnosis was GS of WHO grade IV. In spite of successful gross total resection of tumor, we were no longer able to treat because of the patient's rejection of adjuvant treatment. The patient survived for nine months without receiving any special treatment from the hospital.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5929-5934
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• 2013

Background: Primary brain tumors constitute a small percent of all malignant cancers, but their etiology remains poorly understood. ${\beta}3$ integrin (ITGB3) has been recognized to play influential roles in angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a surface glycoprotein important for tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether specific genetic polymorphisms of ICAM-1 and ITGB3 could be associated with brain cancer development and progression in a Turkish population. Our study is the first to our knowledge to investigate the relationship between brain tumor risk and ICAM-1 and ${\beta}3$ integrin gene polymorphisms. Materials and Methods: The study covered 92 patients with primary brain tumors and 92 age-matched healthy control subjects. Evaluation of ${\beta}3$ integrin (Leu33Pro (rs5918)) and ICAM-1 (R241G (rs1799969) and K469E (rs5498)) gene polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: According to results of our research, the A allele of the ICAM-1 R241G gene polymorphism appeared to be a risk factor for primary brain tumors (p<0.001). Similarly, the frequency of the A mutant allele of ICAM-1 R241G was statistically significant in patients with brain tumors classified as glioma (p<0.001). When allele and genotype distributions of ICAM-1 K469E, ICAM-1 R241G and ${\beta}3$ integrin Leu33Pro gene polymorphisms were evaluated with age, sex, and smoking, there were no statistically significant differences. Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequencies of GAC (rs1799969-rs5498-rs5918) and GAT (rs1799969-rs5498-rs5918) haplotypes were significantly lower in patients as compared with controls (p=0.001; p=0.036 respectively). Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that ICAM-1 R241G SNP significantly contributes to the risk of primary brain tumors in a Turkish population. In addition, our results suggest that ICAM-1 R241G in combination ICAM-1 K469E may have protective effects against the development of brain cancer.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권sup2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2001

목 적 : 교모세포종은 흔한 원발성 뇌종양이며 생물학적 특성상 빠른 성장률을 보이는 것 외에 침습성이 강하여 종양과 인접한 부분을 파괴 시킬 뿐 아니라 직접접촉하지 않는 부분의 파괴도 일어나게 되어 치료 예후가 매우 불량한 것으로 되어 있다. 광역학치료는 광감각제를 이용하며 광감각제는 적절한 파장의 광원에 노출되면 세포 내에서 산소독성 물질을 생성하여 세포괴사를 유도하는 것이 주 살해작용의 기전이다. 본 실험에서는 사람의 신경교종 세포주인 U87 세포를 이용하여 실험관 내에서 광감각제 photofrin을 이용한 광역학치료가 종양의 침습성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 동시에 이를 뇌종양치료의 새로운 방법으로 사용될 수 있는지의 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 교모세포종 세포주인 U87 세포를 여러 농도의 photofrin으로 처리한 후 632nm $100mJ/cm^2$의 고정된 광선조건에서 본 실험을 시행 하였으며 Microculture tetrazolium(MTT) assay를 이용하여 세포 살해능력을 측정하고 침습성은 matrigel artificial basement membrane assay 및 tumor spheroid fetal rat brain aggregate(FRBA) confrontation assay를 이용하여 측정하였다. 결 과 : MTT assay를 이용하여 측정한 광역학 치료의 세포살해능력은 $100mJ/cm^2$의 광선 세기에서 광감각제인 photofrin의 농도에 비례하여 세포 살해 능력을 보였다. Matrigel artificial basement membrane assay 를 이용한 종양 침습성 검사에서 광역학치료가 종양침습의 억제효과를 나타냄을 알 수 있었으며 특히 세포 살해능력을 별로 보이지 않았던 photofrin 농도 2.5ug/ml에서 뚜렷한 침습억제효과를 나타내고 있었다(p<0.05). tumor spheroid fetal rat brain aggregate(FRBA) confrontation assay에서는 brain aggregate의 파괴와 종양의 침습을 관찰할 수 있었는데 파괴의 모양은 생체내에서 보이는 것과 비슷 하였다. 또한 그 정도와 범위는 처리된 Photofrin의 농도에 비례하여 종양침습이 억제됨을 알 수 있었다. 결 론 : 이러한 결과를 종합해 보았을 때 PDT는 종양세포의 침습성에 중요한 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며 PDT 는 세포 살해능력뿐 아니라 침습성에도 영향을 미침으로써 종양 치료에 유용한 방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2010

Objective : We determined whether the expression of GRIM-19 is correlated with pathologic types and malignant grades in gliomas, and determined the function of GRIM-19 in human gliomas. Methods : Tumor tissues were isolated and frozen at $-80^{\circ}C$ just after surgery. The tissues consisted of normal brain tissue (4), astrocytomas (2), anaplastic astrocytomas (2), oligodendrogliomas (13), anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (11), and glioblastomas (16). To profile tumor-related genes, we applied RNA differential display using a $Genefishing^{TM}$ DEG kit, and validated the tumor-related genes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A human glioblastoma cell line (U343MG-A) was used for the GRIM-19 functional studies. The morphologic and cytoskeletal changes were examined via light and confocal microscopy. The migratory and invasive abilities were investigated by the simple scratch technique and Matrigel assay. The antiproliferative activity was determined by thiazolyl blue Tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and FACS analysis. Results : Based on RT-PCR analysis, the expression of GRIM-19 was higher in astrocytic tumors than oligodendroglial tumors. The expression of GRIM-19 was higher in high-grade tumors than low-grade tumors or normal brain tissue; glioblastomas showed the highest expression. After transfection of GRIM-19 into U343MG-A, the morphology of the sense-transfection cells became larger and more spindly. The antisensetransfection cells became smaller and rounder compared with wild type U343MG-A. The MTT assay showed that the sense-transfection cells were more sensitive to the combination of interferon-$\beta$ and retinoic acid than U343MG-A cells or antisense-transfection cells; the antiproliferative activity was related to apoptosis. Conclusion : GRIM-19 may be one of the gene profiles which regulate cell death via apoptosis in human gliomas.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.373-376
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• 2006

An astroblastoma is a rare primary glial tumor occurring preferentially in young adults. It is characterized by a perivascular arrangement of the tumor cells forming perivascular pseudorosettes mimicking ependymomas. The histogenesis of astroblastoma is unclear, despite a number of studies to determine its possible cellular origin. We have experienced a case of astroblastoma located at the temporal lobe. It presented as a large, well-circumscribed, and highly enhanced mass lesion on magnetic resonance images[MRI]. The tumor was well demarcated and did not infiltrate the brain, which made complete removal possible. Here, we report and discuss the characteristic histological and radiological features of this case.