• Title/Summary/Keyword: Brackish water

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Morphological reports of four ciliates (Ciliophora) from coastal marine and brackish water habitats in Korea

  • Park, Mi-Hyun;Min, Gi-Sik
    • Journal of Species Research
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.514-516
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    • 2016
  • Three marine and one brackish-water ciliates (Dysteria crassipes $Clapar\grave{e}de$ and Lachmann, 1859; Gruberia calkinsi $Beltr\acute{a}n$, 1933; Pleuronema salmastra Dragesco, 1986; Zosterodasys agamaliev Deroux, 1978) were isolated from Incheon in Korea and their morphologies were investigated using live observation and protargol impregnation.

Diversity of Fungi in Brackish Water in Korea (국내 기수역 환경의 균류 다양성)

  • Jeon, Yu Jeong;Goh, Jaeduk;Mun, Hye Yeon
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.457-473
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    • 2020
  • We investigated the distribution and diversity of fungi in brackish water and soil from the Eulsukdo Island, Geumgang Estuary Bank, Suncheon Bay, Dae-ho Tide Embankment and coastal sand dune in Sinduri and Bu-nam Tide Embankment, Korea. Fungi were isolated from water samples by hand-pumped filtration, and soil samples were collected and diluted. The isolated fungi were incubated in potato dextrose agar at 25℃. A total of 173 fungal strains were isolated from brackish water and identified according to their respective internal transcribed spacer via phylogenetic analysis. The diversity of all fungal strains was analyzed according to diversity indices. The fungal strains belonged to any of 18 taxonomic orders: Pleosporales, Eurotiales, Capnodiales, Hypocreales, Polyporales, Saccharomycetales, Agaricales, Glomerellales, Mucorales, Dothideales, Russulales, Xylariales, Sordariales, Myrmecridiales, Tubeufiales, Onygenales, Cantharellales, and Amphisphaeriales. Cladosporium spp. (20%), Penicillium spp. (19%), and Fusarium sp. (5%) comprised majority of the identified strains. Two species from the fungal isolates were newly identified in Korea: Sarocladium kiliense NNIBRFG3280 and Fusicolla merismoides NNIBRFG23708.

Gymnolaemate Bryozoans in Fresh and Brackish Water of South Korea: Occurrence, Taxonomical Remarks and Zoogeographical Implications

  • Jung, Kyoung Jin;Woss, Emmy R.;Chae, Hyun Sook;Seo, Ji Eun
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.37-44
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    • 2017
  • The present census on freshwater bryozoans in the Han River, Geum River and in lentic water bodies in Gangwon Province revealed three gymnolaemate species. Two of them-Hislopia prolixa Hirose and Mawatari, 2011 and Victorella pavida Saville Kent, 1870 were recorded for the first time from South Korea. Paludicella articulata (Ehrenberg, 1831), on the other hand, had already been documented from a few sites since 1941. The bryozoans, all belonging to the order of Ctenostomata, were found on a variety of substrates in freshwater (H. prolixa and P. articulata) and brackish habitats (V. pavida). Hislopia prolixa had recently been established as a new species and this is the first record for an occurrence outside of Japan, where it had been newly described from Lake Biwa and nearby satellite lakes.

A Study of Nine Unrecorded Species of Planktonic Cyanobacteria (Cyanophyceae, Cyanophyta) in Korea

  • Yim, Byoung Cheol;Jung, Hyun Chul;Bang, Sung Do;Lee, Ok Min
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.299-307
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    • 2018
  • Samples were collected from planktonic habitats of the fresh and brackish waters in Korea from August 2016 to May 2018. As a result, three genera and nine species were newly recorded in Korea. The unrecorded indigenous genera were Anathece, Chondrocystis and Geminocystis, and nine species were Anabaenopsis arnoldii, Anathece smithii, Chondrocystis dermochroa, Coelosphaerium aerugineum, Eucapsis microscopica, Geminocystis herdmanii, Microcystis panniformis, Synechococcus nidulans and Woronichinia karelica. Anathece smithii, Coelosphaerium aerugineum, Eucapsis microscopica, Microcystis panniformis and Synechococcus nidulans had been reported to inhabit freshwater, but these were found in brackish water in this study. Microcystis panniformis, which is a potential genus for causing green-tide, is taxonomically valuable in Korea.

A study on Spatiotemporal Variations of distribution characteristics in Artificial Rivers of the Brackish Water Zone (기수역 인공하천에서 시공간적 수질분포 특성 연구)

  • Kim, Yoon-Jeong;Choi, Ok Youn;Han, Ihn-Sup
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.89-97
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this reaserch is to analyze the charateristics of water quality in space through the operation of ARA River in Artificial Rivers of the Brackish Water Zone. The spatial distribution measured water temperature and salt levels for the surface, middle and deep layers by dividing the four areas of Incheon, Sicheon, Gyeyang and Gimpo. Water temperature did not vary much by water depth and branch, and its purpose is to maintain stable water environment through correlation analysis and operation. To examine the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of the Arachon, we measured DO on the Incheon branch, Sicheon, Gyeyang and Gimpo branch twice a month, and on the surface, the temperature level, The water temperature did not vary much by depth and location, and the water temperature in January and March tended to rise from Incheon to Gimpo, with the average difference of 1.1 degrees during the same period. The salinity difference between Incheon and Gimpo sites was 3.3 psu deep and 5.4 psu deep. In particular, floodgates from July to September are found to be less than 10psu overall, which is considered to be a gas due to the effects of floods and the inflow of Gulpo Stream. D.O. is located in some areas due to summer rains. The hypoxic layer has been identified.Analysis of seasonal data shows that water temperature and DO are strongly correlated in autumn. It was found that the water temperature and salt levels in the fall showed a weak correlation.

Environmental and Antimicrobial Characteristics of Vibrio spp. Isolated from Fish, Shellfish, Seawater and Brackish water samples in Gyeongbuk Eastern Coast (경북 동해안 환경에서 분리된 V. parahaemolyticus 및 V. vulnificus의 생태학적 및 항생제 감수성 특성)

  • 손진창;박승우;민경진
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.94-102
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    • 2003
  • This study was carried out to investigated the distribution and characteristics of Vibrio spp. isolated from fish and shellfish, seawater and brackish water samples collected from Pohang, Uljin, Yeongduk and Gyeongju in Gyeongbuk Province from April 2000 to October 2000. Total 155 strains of genus Vibrio were isolated from 439 collected samples, and numbers of isolated strains of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were 140 and 15, respectively. The isolation rate from the samples collected in Pohang was the highest as 41.5% (76 strains), and wat the highest as 71.4% (30 strains) in brackish water, and was the highest as 55.7% (34 strains) in August. And the optimal pH, temperature, and NaCl concentration for growth of V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae were 8.0, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 2.0%, respectively. In a resistance test for environmental factors, heat and cold resistants of V. parahaemolyticus were higher than those of V. vulnificus, withstanding for 15 minutes at 6$0^{\circ}C$ and 6 days at -18$^{\circ}C$. The pH range for existence of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were 4.5~l1.0 and 4.5~10.0, showing the similar resistance to pH. V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus could grow in media containing up to 10.0% and 7.0% NaCl, respectively, Salt-tolerance of V. parahaemolyticus was higher than that of V. vulnificus. In an antibiotics sensitivity test against 16 strains of V. parahaemolyticus, twelve strains were resistant to ampicillin, eight strains were resistant to cephalothin. one strain was resistant to streptomycin, and one strain was resistant to ticarcillin.

Examination of the Applicability of TOC to Korean Trophic State Index (TSIKO) (한국형 부영양화지수(TSIKO)의 인자로서 TOC의 적용성 검토)

  • Kim, Bomchul;Kong, Dongsoo
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.271-277
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    • 2019
  • Korean Trophic State Index ($TSI_{KO}$) was developed in 2006, and was composed of COD ($COD_{Mn}$ based on permanganate method), Chlorophyll a (Chl.a) and total phosphorus (TP). However, $COD_{Mn}$ usually represents only 50-60% of total organic matter in stream or lake water due to low oxidizing power of permanganate. This study investigated the relationship between TOC and $COD_{Mn}$ based on the average data for the whole layer in 81 lakes in Korea, during the period 2013-2017. As a result, $COD_{Mn}$ was found to be 1.54 times more than TOC in 66 of the freshwater lakes and 3 brackish lakes (TOC measured using thermo-oxidation method). TOC was about a quarter of $COD_{Mn}$ in 8 coastal lakes (TOC measured using UV-persulfate oxidation method), and it appeared to be underestimated due to chloride interference. Using the data of 69 lakes with exception of 12 brackish lakes, $TSI_{KO}$(TOC) was developed based on the correlation between TOC and $COD_{Mn}$, while $TSI_{KO}$(COD) was replaced with $TSI_{KO}$(TOC). However, for trophic state assessment of brackish lakes, the $TSI_{KO}$(TOC) can only be utilized in case that TOC is measured through thermo-oxidation method. The determination coefficient of $TSI_{KO}$(Chl) to $TSI_{KO}$(COD) in 66 freshwater lakes and 3 brackish lakes was 0.83, while that to $TSI_{KO}$(TOC) was 0.68. This difference could be attributed to the recalcitrant organic part of TOC.

Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Benthic Polychaetous Communities in Seomjin River Estuary (섬진강 하구역 저서다모류군집의 시·공간 분포)

  • Kang, Sung Hyo;Lee, Jung Ho;Park, Sung Wan;Shin, Hyun Chool
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.243-255
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    • 2014
  • This study was investigated to estimate the relations between benthic environments and benthic polychaetous community from April 2012 to February 2013. Twenty four stations were selected sequentially with Seomjin River Estuary from the northern part of Gwangyang Bay. The study area could be divided into three characteristic zones based on salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH such as Saline Water Zone (SWZ), Brackish Water Zone (BWZ), and Fresh Water Zone (FWZ). Salinity was above 30.0 psu in SWZ, drastically decreased toward inland in BWZ, and nearly zero psu in FWZ. SWZ showed its specific environmental characters like that water temperature fluctuated with little seasonal change and DO showed the lowest values among three zones, and pH maintained as consistent value without seasonal fluctuation. In FWZ, on the other hand, water temperature showed high seasonal fluctuation, DO showed the highest values among three zones, and pH fluctuated greatly. In sedimentary environment, mud, sand and sand/gravel were found as dominant sedimentary deposits in SWZ, BWZ and FWZ, respectively. Organic matter content and AVS in surface sediment were high in SWZ, while Chl-a content high in FWZ. This study area showed a marked environmental difference between FWZ and SWZ as follows: FWZ has coarse sediment and low salinity, low organic matter content, low AVS in FWZ but SWZ has fine sediment and high salinity, high organic matter content and AVS. Species number and mean density of benthic polychaete community was highest in Saline Water Zone (SWZ), drastically decreased in Brackish Water Zone (BWZ), and lowest in Fresh Water Zone (FWZ). Dominant polychates above 5.0% of individual numbers were 6 taxa. Lumbrineris longifolia, Prionospio cirrifera, Tharyx sp. occurred as main dominant species of all study periods, and Hediste sp., Praxillella affinis, Tylorrhynchus sp. dominantly occurred at some seasons. Inhabiting areas of dominant species were separated characteristically. Representative species in SWZ were Lumbrineris longifolia, Tharyx sp., Mediomastus sp.. Wide-appearing species between SWZ and BWZ were Prionospio cirrifera, Heteromastus filiformis, Aricidea sp.. Characteristic species in FWZ were Tylorrhynchus sp. and Hediste sp.. As the results of cluster analysis and nMDS based on the species composition of polychaetous community, unique station groups were established in SWZ and FWZ. Stations in BWZ were sub-divided into several groups with season. Pearson's correlation analysis and PCA between benthic environments and ecological characteristics of polychaetous community showed that salinity, sediment composition, organic content and dissolved oxygen played a role to determine the temporal and spatial distribution of the ecological characteristics as species number, mean density, abundance of main species, and ecological indices.

Effect of Untreated Water Flow Rate at Certain Temperature on the Discharge of Treated Water

  • Ullah, Muhammad Arshad;Aslam, Muhammad;Babar, Raheel
    • The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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    • v.5 no.6
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    • pp.5-9
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    • 2019
  • Desalination requires large energy. This experiment deals to desalinate brackish water through solar panels. The discharge from desalination plants is almost entirely water, and .01 percent is salt. Desalination is a process that extracts minerals from saline water. Solar-powered desalination technologies can be used to treat non-traditional water sources to increase water supplies in rural, arid areas. Water scarceness is a rising dilemma for large regions of the world. Access to safe, fresh and pure clean drinking water is one of the most important and prime troubles in different parts of the world. Among many of water cleansing technologies solar desalination/distillation/purification is one of the most sustainable and striking method engaged to congregate the supply of clean and pure drinkable water in remote areas at a very sound cost. Six types of dripper having discharge 3 - 8 lh-1 were installed one by one and measured discharge and volume of clean water indicated that at 6 lh-1 untreated water discharge have maximum evaporation and volume of clean water was 19.2 lh-1 at same temperature and radiations. Now strategy was developed that when increased the temperature the intake discharge of untreated water must be increased and salt drained water two times more than treated water.

Analyzing the Co-occurrence of Endangered Brackish-Water Snails with Other Species in Ecosystems Using Association Rule Learning and Clustering Analysis (연관 규칙 학습과 군집분석을 활용한 멸종위기 기수갈고둥과 생태계 내 종 간 연관성 분석)

  • Sung-Ho Lim;Yuno Do
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.57 no.2
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    • pp.83-91
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    • 2024
  • This study utilizes association rule learning and clustering analysis to explore the co-occurrence and relationships within ecosystems, focusing on the endangered brackish-water snail Clithon retropictum, classified as Class II endangered wildlife in Korea. The goal is to analyze co-occurrence patterns between brackish-water snails and other species to better understand their roles within the ecosystem. By examining co-occurrence patterns and relationships among species in large datasets, association rule learning aids in identifying significant relationships. Meanwhile, K-means and hierarchical clustering analyses are employed to assess ecological similarities and differences among species, facilitating their classification based on ecological characteristics. The findings reveal a significant level of relationship and co-occurrence between brackish-water snails and other species. This research underscores the importance of understanding these relationships for the conservation of endangered species like C. retropictum and for developing effective ecosystem management strategies. By emphasizing the role of a data-driven approach, this study contributes to advancing our knowledge on biodiversity conservation and ecosystem health, proposing new directions for future research in ecosystem management and conservation strategies.