To investigate the effectiveness of the freeze-dried allografts and fibrin glue in bone grafts, the status of new bone formation and union of the grafted bone were observed in three types of grafting bones; autogenic bone(AT), allogenic bone(AL), and allogenic bone particles mixed with fibrin glue(FG). These were transplanted into non-union fracture model of 7 adult dogs with 2cm defect made in the proximal metaphysis of both fibulae. The autogenic and allogenic grafting bones had been treated by a modified freeze-dried method. The serial radiogram were observed the repair process of grafted bones biweekly until 17 or 21 weeks after transplantation and the observation of histological aspects, tetracycline double labeling and microradiography in the grafted bones were undertaken at 17 or 21 weeks after transplantation. The incorporation of bone minerals to the non-union fracture models were accomplished in 4 of 5 cases grafted with AL and in 2 of 4 cases grafted with AT. None of 5 cases grafted with FG were incorporated. The process of new bone formation and resorption in the grafted bones were observed three types; resorption of the grafted bones after newbone formation(type A) in 4 cases, new bone formation after resorption(type B) in 2 cases and complete or incomplete resorption without new bone formation(type C) in 8 cases. The modified freeze-dried method used in this study contributed to inhibite the rejection in allogenic grafts but the union period of the grafted freeze-dried bone was more prolonged than that of fresh autografts. Fibrin glue did not contribute to induce a new bone formation ofbone grafts.
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
/
제31권3호
/
pp.248-254
/
2005
The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of stress within the regenerated bone surrounding the implant using three dimensional finite element stress analysis method. Using ANSYS software revision 6.0 (IronCAD LLC, USA), a program was written to generate a model simulating a cylindrical block section of the mandible 20 mm in height and 10 mm in diameter. The $5.0{\times}11.5-mm$ screw implant (3i, USA) was used for this study, and was assumed to be 100% osseointegrated. And it was restored with gold crown with resin filling at the central fossa area. The implant was surrounded by the regenerated type IV bone, with 4 mm in width and 7 mm apical to the platform of implant in length. And the regenerated bone was surrounded by type I, type II, and type III bone, respectively. The present study used a fine grid model incorporating elements between 250,820 and 352,494 and nodal points between 47,978 and 67,471. A load of 200N was applied at the 3 points on occlusal surfaces of the restoration, the central fossa, outside point of the central fossa with resin filling into screw hole, and the functional cusp, at a 0 degree angle to the vertical axis of the implant, respectively. The results were as follows: 1. The stress distribution in the regenerated bone-implant interface was highly dependent on both the density of the native bone surrounding the regenerated bone and the loading point. 2. A load of 200N at the buccal cusp produced 5-fold increase in the stress concentration at the neck of the implant and apex of regenerated bone irrespective of surrounding bone density compared to a load of 200N at the central fossa. 3. It was found that stress was more homogeneously distributed along the side of implant when the implant was surrounded by both regenerated bone and native type III bone. In summary, these data indicate that concentration of stress on the implant-regenerated bone interface depends on both the native bone quality surrounding the regenerated bone adjacent to implant and the load direction applied on the prosthesis.
A two-stage procedure is ideal for getting a successful osseointegration. But if a one-stage procedure can achieve a similar osseointegration, the one-stage procedure has several advantages. The purpose of this study was to observe the initial bone formation and bone remodeling of open type (nonsubmerged) and closed type (submerged) titanium implants. Eight ITI hollow-screws and eight Branemark fixtures were divided into two groups (submerged and nonsubmerged) and were installed on the lower jaws of four mongrel dogs. The animals were sacrificed three months later and bone sections with implants were processed for light microscopic and fluorescent microscopic observation. The results were as follows : 1 There was no significant difference in bone-to-implant contact between submerged and nonsubmerged implants. 2. Smooth surface titanium implants showed more bone-to-implant contact than that of titanium plasma coated implants histologically. 3. Under fluorescent microscopy, the active bone remodeling and new bone formation were observed in the interface zone. 4. Under fluorescent microscopy, submerged and nonsubmerged implants had no difference in bone remodeling pattern, and intramembranous bone formation was more prominent. 5. The connective tissue fibers orienting perpendicularly toward implant surface were oberved in the neck of implants.
Statement of problem: An orthodontic miniscrew implant has been used as a skeletal anchorage for orthodontic treatment. However, any relation among the influence of the cortical bone, morphologic differences of orthodontic miniscrew implants and new bone formation hasn't been made clear yet. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the orthodontic miniscrew implant could work as an intraoral skeletal anchorage immediately and stably for orthodontic treatment after insertion of it. Material and methods: Two types of orthodontic miniscrew implants were used in this experiment; tapered type and straight type. One hundred and sixty eight orthodontic miniscrew implants were inserted into the tibiae of 21 rabbits and sacrificed on 3, 7, 11, 14, 21 and 28days later after insertion of them to study removal torque values and histologic and histomorphometric analyses. Results: The results were as follows. 1. The removal torque values of the tapered type were higher than those of the straight type in all groups(p<0.05). 2. There wasn't any distinguishing differences between the tapered type and the straight type about the new bone formation percentage. 3. The removal torque values for both the tapered type and the straight type were gradually decreased at early stages of the test but started to increase at the 7 days group of the straight type and the 11 days group of the tapered type. 4. New bone formation percentage was increased gradually for both the tapered and the straight types as time passed(p<0.05). 5. It was found that the tapered type showed lower values in the cortical bone about both the maximum equilibratory stress distribution and the maximum principal stress distribution than the straight type in linear finite elements analysis. Conclusion: According to the research, the removal torque values were decreased at 7 days group of the tapered type and 11 days group of the straight type after the insertion of the orthodontic miniscrew implants in tibiae of rabbits. Considering the human bone activity, it is better to apply the orthodontic force $3{\sim}4$ weeks later than to apply it immediately after the insertion of orthodontic miniscrew implants. Considering that general orthodontic force is about $250{\sim}500$ grams, the tapered type can be worked as a stable skeletal anchor age in an orthodontic treatment even if the orthodontic force is applied on it immediately after the insertion of it.
Purpose: Closed reduction is most common treatment method for nasal bone fracture but it requires secondary correction operation commonly. For preventing secondary revision, we applied ultrasonography during closed reduction of nasal bone fracture and examined the result of operation. Methods: 80 patients were sorted into 2 groups, ultrasound-guided closed reduction group(n=40) and manual closed reduction group(n=40). We classified the unilateral fracture involving lower 1/2 of nasal bone into type I, the bilateral fracture involving lower 1/2 of nasal bone into type III and the fracture of upper 1/2 of nasal bone into type III. The occurrence rate of overcorrection and undercorrection were evaluated by comparing preoperative and postoperative MDCT(Multi Direction Computed Tomography). Results: In manual closed reduction group, overcorrection were found in 4 patients and undercorrection were found in 3 patients. In ultrasound-guided closed reduction group, overcorrection was not observed and undercorrection was observed in 2 patients. Conclusion: Intraoperative ultrasound evaluation of nasal bone fracture resulted in reduced occurrence rate of secondary nasal deformities, showed easier detection of the fractured site and have superiority upon simple physical examination or simple x-ray.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone regeneration of particulated hydroxyapatite(HA) and block type of hydroxyapatite graft in rabbit calvarial defects. Methods: An 8 mm calvarial circular defects were created in sixteen young adult New Zealand white male rabbits (weight $3.0{\sim}3.5kg$). Each defects were filled with Bio-Oss, particulated HA and block type HA. Sham surgery control defects were filled with blood clots. The specimens were harvested at 4 weeks and 8 weeks for histologic and histomorphometric evaluation. Results: Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated statistical differences in defect closure, new bone formation, and bone density of the four groups. Block type of HA group showed increased bone formation and bone density at 4 weeks and 8 weeks compared with Bio-Oss group or sham surgery control group(p<0.05). Conclusions: Block type of HA is an effective material for osteoconduction in rabbit calvarial defects, which may acts as a guide in use of these products in human application.
Kim, Seong-Kyun;Heo, Seong-Joo;Koak, Jai-Young;Lee, Joo-Hee;Kwon, Ji-Yong
대한치과보철학회지
/
제46권6호
/
pp.628-633
/
2008
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The application of a simple, clinically applicable noninvasive test to assess implant stability are considered highly desirable. So far there is still a controversy about correlation of various tests and implant stability. PURPOSE: In order to assess implant stability, the development of a new method is critical. It's possible to assess implant stability by calculating energy and angular momentum during implant installation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation of energy and implant stability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty three implants were installed in two different types of pig bone. Type I bone was retrieved from the distal aspect of the rib, with more cortical bone. Type II bone came from a more proximal region with less cortical components and a higher content of bone marrow and spongeous trabeculae. Insertion torque, removal torque, ISQ values and angular momentum and energy were measured. Pearson Correlation test was done to analyze the relation between RFA, maximum insertion torque, mean insertion torque, bone type, energy and removal torque. RESULTS: Type I bone showed higher removal torque than type II bone. Energy value was significantly correlated with maximum insertion torque and mean insertion torque. RFA values were related with insertion torques but the significance was lower than Energy value. CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study energy values were considered clinically predictable method to measure the implant stability.
The effects of herbal medicine on travecular bone area were studied using ovariectomized rat as an animal model of Type I osteoporosis and SAM P6 as that of Type II. We counted red blood cells(RBC), hemoglobin(Hb), and hematocrit(Hct) using Couter`sR method. Each traditional boiling water extract of Achyrathis Radix, Psoraleae Fructus, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, and Cornii Fructus and a systemic water extract of Astragali Ractiex was given 5g/kg/day, p.o., for 30 days in a group of 4-5 ovariectormized rats. One ml of blood was taken by tail vein at day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 30 days after administration of the extract. The traditional hot water extract of Cervi parvumn Corni (Cervi) was given the same dose as described above for 14 days in a group of 10 SAM P6 mice and systemic water extract of Astragali Radix was administered as the same dose as above for 30 days in 10 SAM P6 mice. Travecular bone area was measured 5 mcm decalcified and stained thin bone slice by image analysis using a digitalizer. In Type I, ovariectomized rats, administration of Astragali Radix, Rhemanniae Radix Preparat, and Corni Fructus decreased in RBC, Hb and Hct. In Type II, administration of Cervi increased in RBC and Hct and that of Astragali Radix was also elevated RBC. In Type I, any administration of herbal medicine used in this study did not elevate travecular bone area significantly except Corni Fructus showed a trend of increase in travecular bone area. However, Type II, Cervi and Astragali Radix increased in both mean and total travecular bone area. Thus, there are significant difference in response of herbal medicine in different types of osteoporosis.
Operative interventions for the management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) include core drilling, with or without vascularized fibular bone grafting. Nevertheless, their clinical results have not been consistently satisfactory. Recently, a new surgical procedure that incorporates cementation with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) after core drilling has been tried clinically. In this study, a biomechanical analysis using a finite element method(FEM) was undertaken to evaluate surgical methods and their underlying surgical parameter. Our finite element models included five types. They were (1) normal model (Type I), (2) necrotic model (Type II), (3) core decompressed model (Type III). (4) fibular bone grafted model (Type IV), and (5) cemented with PMMA model (Type V). The geometric dimensions of the femur were based on digitized CT-scan data of a normal person. Various physiological loading conditions and surgical penetration depths by the core were used as mechanical variables to study their biomechanical contributions in stress transfer within the femoral head region. In addition. the peak von Mises stress(PVMS) within the necrotic cancellous bone of the femoral head was obtained. The fibular bone grafted method and cementation method provided optimal stress transfer behaviors. Here. substantial increase in the low stress level was observed when the penetration depth was extended to 0mm and 5mm from the subchondral region. Moreover, significant decrease in PVMS due to surgery was observed in the fibular bone grafted method and the cementation method when the penetration depths were extended up to 0 and 5mm from the subchondral region. The drop in PVMS was greater during toe-off than during heel-strike (57% vs. 28% in Type IV and 49% vs. 22% in Type V). Both the vascularized fibular bone grafting method (Type IV) and the new PMMA technique (Type V) appear to be very effective in providing good stress transfer and reducing the peak Von-Mises stress within the necrotic region. Overall results show that fibular bone grafting and cementation methods are quite similar. In light of above results, the new cementation method appears to be a promising surgical alternative or the treatment of ONFH. The use of PMMA for the core can be less prone to surgical complication as opposed to preparation of fibular bone graft and can achieve more immediate fixation between the core and the surrounding region.
Nowdays, the awareness of implant treatment has grown rapidly among dentists and patients alike in Korea, as it becomes a widely accepted treatment. The reason is that unlike crown and bridge or denture treatment, implant treatment helps preserve existing bone and improve masticatory functions. So, It is needed understanding about the type, distribution of implant patient. The following results on patient type and implant distribution were compiled from 4433 implant cases of 1596 patients treated at the periodontal dept. of Y University Hospital during 1992 to 2004. 1. There are no dissimilarities between men and women, with patients in their 40, 50s accounting for 52.5% of patients and 57.5% of implant treatments; the largest share of patients and implant treatments. 2. Mn. posterior area accounted for 54.9% of implant treatments followed by Mx. posterior area(27.6%), Mx anterior area(11.9%) and Mn anterior area(5.6%). 3. Partial edentulous patients treated by single crown and bridge-type prosthesis accounted for 97.5% and fully edentulous patient accounted for the remaining 2.5%. 4. The major cause of tooth loss is periodontal disease, followed by dental caries, trauma and congenital missing. Also, older people are more likely to suffer from tooth loss due to periodontal disease rather than dental caries. 5. In the distribution of bone quality for maxillae, type III was most, followed by type II, r type IV and r type I. As for mandible, type II was most, followed by type III, type IV and for type I. 6. In the distribution of bone quantity for maxillae, type C was most, followed by type B, type D, type A, and for type E. As for mandible, type B was 52% most, followed by type C, type D, type A and type E. 7. The majority of implants were those of 1O-14mm in length (85.2%) and regular diameter in width (64%). The results provided us with basic data on patient type, implant distribution, bone condition, etc. We wish that our results coupled with other research data helps assist in the further study for better implant success/survival rates, etc.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.