• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2018

Although many bone graft materials have been developed, powder graft materials are somewhat difficult to use in surgery. To solve this problem, a bone graft material in the form of a viscous paste was prepared. Hydroxyapatite was used as a bone graft material, and methyl cellulose was used to impart viscosity. Three cases of samples were prepared, and freeze-dried block type and sintered specimens were made from the paste. The recrystallization of the graft material in a simulated body fluid and the degree of graft adhesion with a tooth were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The test for cytotoxicity was carried out and the sample was grafted into the back of a mouse to confirm the presence or absence of side effects in the animal's body. Based on these investigations, composites of this type are expected to be applicable for bone grafts.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.528-538
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of newly developed autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT)application for sinus bone graft procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The patients with less than 5.0 mm of residual bone height in maxillary posterior area were enrolled. For the sinus bone graft procedure, Bio-Oss was grafted in control group and AutoBT powder was grafted in experimental group. Clinical and radiographic examination were done for the comparison of grafted materials in sinus cavity between groups. At 4 months after sinus bone graft procedure, biopsy specimens were analyzed by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric examination for the evaluation of healing state of bone graft site. RESULTS. In CT evaluation, there was no difference in bone density, bone height and sinus membrane thickness between groups. In microCT analysis, there was no difference in total bone volume, new bone volume, bone mineral density of new bone between groups. There was significant difference trabecular thickness ($0.07{\mu}m$ in Bio-Oss group Vs. $0.08{\mu}m$ in AutoBT group) (P=.006). In histomorphometric analysis, there was no difference in new bone formation, residual graft material, bone marrow space between groups. There was significant difference osteoid thickness ($8.35{\mu}m$ in Bio-Oss group Vs. $13.12{\mu}m$ in AutoBT group) (P=.025). CONCLUSION. AutoBT could be considered a viable alternative to the autogenous bone or other bone graft materials in sinus bone graft procedure.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.365-378
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• 1995

Allogeneic bone grafting has recently been used in oral and maxillofacial regions to restore the cosmetic and functional problem. There are several types of allogeneic bone grafts ; bone powder, bone chips, bone blocks. Empirically, it is thought to be better to combine the allogeneic bone chips to any type of tissue adhesive not to displace during packing and condensing. But, there are no reports about using tissue adhesive in allogeneic bone grafting. This experimental study is designed to investigate the effect of the fibrin adhesive on bone healing process after demineralized allogeneic bone grafting in 60 rats. In control groups (30 rats), routine demineralized allogeneic bone grafting were done in 7 ${\times}$ 7mm calvarial bone defects which were drilled intentioally. And we used the fibrin adhesive for holding the bone particle in experimental groups (30 rats). Each experimental specimen was sacrified at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks postoperatively The results were as follows : 1. The degree of inflammatory cell infiltrations were more prominent in experimental than in control groups till 2 weeks. 2. Early fibroblast proliferation and new capillary proliferation were uncorporated around graft sites in the experimental groups later than in control groups at early stages. 3. Osteoblastic activity in control group was more prominent at 2 weeks. 4. Osteoblastic activity in experimental groups was more prominent than in control group till 4 weeks. 5. New bone formation was more in control group than experimental group till 3 weeks, but similar appearance after that time. As above results, initial bone healing within 2 weeks were more processed in without adhesive group than with adhesive group. But above 4 weeks; similar bone healing were observed.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.257-264
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• 2023

Ti-6Al-4V alloys are mainly used as dental materials due to their excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and chemical stability. However, they have a low bioactivity with bioinertness in the body. Therefore, they could not directly bond with human bone. To improve their applications, their bone bonding ability and bone formation capacity should be improved. Thus, the objective of this study was to improve the bioinert surface of titanium alloy substrate to show bioactive characteristics by performing surface modification using wollastonite powder. Commercial bioactive wollastonite powder was successfully deposited onto Ti-6Al-4V alloy using a room temperature spray process. It was found that wollastonite-coated layer showed homogeneous microstructure and uniform thickness. Corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was also improved by plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment. Its wettability and bioactivity were also greatly increased by wollastonite coating. Results of this study indicate that both plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment and wollastonite coating by room temperature spray process could be used to improve surface bioactivity of Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrate.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.264-269
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• 2011

An extraction socket was preserved and reconstructed using an autogenous tooth bone graft powder and block in two patients. The grafted site was healed 3 to 3.5 months after surgery. Implant treatment was successfully completed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.61-64
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• 1990

The influence of extraction time on the fatty acid profile and the contents of calcium and magnesium in pig's shank were examined. The 9 kinds of fatty acid were identified in water extracts from pig's shank by GLC. The profiles of fatty acids from different extraction were similer to each other,. The content of linolenic acid was increased after two-hours extraction however the amounts of MUFA, PUFA and p/s ratio were decreased by the longer extraction time. The amount of calcium was 124.7mg% in raw materials but water extracts and bone powder samples showed higher values. in case of magnesium it was 138.4mg% in raw materials, but the extracts showed lower amount and bone powder exhibited higher values.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.55-61
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mangosteen extract complex (MEC; Garcinia mangostana L. and propolis extracts) on the inhibition of inflammation and prevention of alveolar bone loss using a ligature-induced periodontitis model. Rat molars were ligatured with silk, and $1{\mu}g/mL$ of lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis was injected into the buccal and palatal gingivae of the teeth with or without treatment with the MEC. Changes in the expression levels of prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), interleukin-8 (IL-8), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, and COX-2 in gingival tissues were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Alveolar bone loss around the ligated molars was examined using micro-computed tomography. The expression levels of $PGE_2$, IL-8, iNOS, MMP-8, COX-1, and COX-2 in gingival tissues were significantly reduced in the group treated with a mixture of $16{\mu}g$ of mangosteen extract powder and $544{\mu}g$ of propolis extract powder (ligation [Lig] + lipopolysaccharide extracted from P. gingivalis KCOM 2804 [L] + MEC 1:34). Additionally, alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the Lig + L + MEC 1:34 group compared with that in other groups. These results indicate that the MEC could be useful in preventing and treating periodontitis.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1144-1154
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• 2018

Both the calcium and collagen in bone powder are hard to be absorbed by the body. Although enzymatic hydrolysis by protease increased the bio-availability of bone powder, it was a meaningful try to further increase $Ca^{2+}$ release, oligopeptide formation and antioxidant activity of the sheep bone hydrolysate (SBH) by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation. Lactobacillus helveticus was selected as the starter for its highest protease-producing ability among 5 tested LAB strains. The content of liberated $Ca^{2+}$ was measured as the responsive value in the response surface methodology (RSM) for optimizing the fermenting parameters. When SBH (adjusted to pH 6.1) supplemented with 1.0% glucose was inoculated 3.0% L. helveticus and incubated for 29.4 h at $36^{\circ}C$, $Ca^{2+}$ content in the fermented SBH significantly increased (p<0.01), and so did the degree of hydrolysis and the obtaining rate of oligopeptide. The viable counts of L. helveticus reached to $1.1{\times}10^{10}CFU/mL$. Results of Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that LAB viable counts, $Ca^{2+}$ levels, obtaining rates of oligopeptide and the yield of polypeptide were positively correlated with each other (p<0.01). The abilities of SBH to scavenge the free radicals of DPPH, OH and ABTS were also markedly enhanced after fermentation. In conclusion, L. helveticus fermentation can further boost the release of free $Ca^{2+}$ and oligopeptide, enhance the antioxidant ability of SBH. The L. helveticus fermented SBH can be developed as a novel functional dietary supplement product.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2003

Nano-sized WC powders were synthesized by vapor phase reaction using the precusor of tungsten ethoxide under helium and hydrogen atmosphere. The phases of the powder were varied with reaction Bone and gas flow rate. The powder size was about 30nm in diameter, and the tungsten carbide powder was coated by carbon layer. The synthesis of nano-sized WC powders was promoted as the hydrogen gas flow rate became higher. Inversely, tungsten oxide was formed by increasing the flow rate of helium gas. The synthesized powders were analyzed by XRD, FE-SEM, carbon analyzer etc.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.961-974
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• 2005

Various biological approaches to the promotion of periodontal regeneration have been used. These can be divided into the use of growth and differentiation factors, application of extracellular matrix proteins and attachment factors and use of mediators of bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of enamel matrix protein and platelet-rich plasma on the treatment of intrabony defect, with bovine-derived bone powder in humans by digital subtraction radiography. 12 teeth(experimental I group) were treated with enamel matrix protein combined with bovine-derived bone powder and 12 teeth(experimental II group) were treated with platelet-rich plasma combined with bovine-derived bone powder. The change of bone density was assessed by digital subtraction radiography in this study. The change of mineral content was assessed in the method that two radiography were put into computer program to be overlapped and the previous image was subtracted by the later one. Both groups were statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon signed Ranks Test and Mann-whitney Test using SPSS program for windows(5% significance level). The results were as follows: 1. The radiolucency in 3 months after surgery was significantly increased than 1 month after surgery in both groups(experimental I and II groups)(p<0.05). 2. The radiopacity in 6 months after surgery was significantly increased than 3 months after surgery in both groups(experimental I and II groups) (p<0.05). 3. In experimental I group, there was no significant difference between 1 month and 6 months after surgery. 4. In experimental II group. the radiopacity in 6 months after surgery was significantly increased than 1 month after surgery(p<0.05). 5. There was no significant difference between experimental I and II group at 1 month and 3 months after surgery, but the radiopacity in experimental II group was significantly increased at 6 months after surgery(p<0.05). In conclusion, platelet-rich plasma can enhance bone density than enamel matrix protein until 6 months after surgery.