• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.120-126
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• 2013

Objectives: This study sought to elucidate the effect of autogenous tooth bone material by experimenting on minipig's maxillary sinus and performing histological and histomorphometric analyses. Materials and Methods: Five 18-24 month-old male minipigs were selected, and right maxillary sinuses were grafted with bone graft material made of their respective autogenous teeth extracted eight weeks earlier. The left sides were grafted with synthetic hydroxyapatite as control groups. All minipigs were sacrificed at 12 weeks after bone graft, which was known to be 1 sigma (${\sigma}$) period for pigs. Specimens were evaluated histologically under a light microscope after haematoxylin-eosin staining followed by semi-quantitative study via histomorphometric analysis. The ratio of new bone to total area was evaluated using digital software for calculation of area. Results: All specimens were available, except one on the right side (experimental group), which was missing during specimen preparation. This study demonstrated new bone at the periphery of the existing bone in both groups, showing evidence of bone remodeling, however, encroachment of new bone on the central part of the graft at the 1 ${\sigma}$ period was observed only in the autogenous tooth bone group (experimental group). Histomorphometric analysis showed more new bone formation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Although the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05), the mean percentage area for new bone for the experimental and control groups were $57.19%{\pm}11.16%$ and $34.07%{\pm}13.09%$, respectively. Conclusion: The novel bone graft material using autogenous tooth is a good alternative to autogenous bone, comparable to autogenous bone, and outperforming synthetic hydroxyapatite bone graft materials in terms of bone regeneration capacity. Augmentation with autogenous tooth bone materials will reduce donor site morbidity without hampering the safety of the autogenous bone graft.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.298-306
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• 2015

Bacterial infection after implant installation or bone graft is a serious complication. Bone grafts represent a temporary foreign body lacking vascularisation and are therefore of increased susceptibility to infection, which may be introduced either intraoperatively or postoperatively. Bone graft-associated infections are due to biofilm formation on the surface of the bone graft and often require removal of the infected bone graft with substantial graft failure. In this review, the implant and graft related infection, the role of biofilm and the management will be discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.220-229
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• 2008

Purpose: The present study was aimed to examine the effect of acellular dermal matrix ($AlloDerm^{(R)}$) grafted to the experimental tissue defect on tissue regeneration. Materials and Methods: Male albino rabbits were used. Soft tissue defects were prepared in the external abdominal oblique muscle. The animals were then divided into 3 groups by the graft material used: no graft, autogenous dermis graft, and $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft. The healing sites were histologically examined at weeks 4 and 8 after the graft. In another series, critical sized defects with 8-mm diameter were prepared in the right and left iliac bones. The animals were then divided into 5 groups: no graft, grafted with autogenous iliac bone, $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft, $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft impregnated with rhBMP-2, and $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft with rhTGF-${\beta}1$. The healing sites of bone defect were investigated with radiologic densitometry and histological evaluation at weeks 4 and 8 after the graft. Results: In the soft tissue defect, normal healing was seen in the group of no graft. Inflammatory cells and foreign body reactions were observed in the group of autogenous dermis graft, and the migration of fibroblasts and the formation of vessels into the collagen fibers were observed in the group of $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft. In the bone defect, the site of bone defect was healed by fibrous tissues in the group of no graft. The marked radiopacity and good regeneration were seen in the group of autogenous bone graft. There remained the traces of $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ with no satisfactory results in the group of $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft. In the groups of the $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft with rhBMP-2 or rhTGF-${\beta}1$, there were numerous osteoblasts in the boundary of the adjacent bone which was closely approximated to the $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ with regeneration features. However, the fibrous capsule also remained as in the group of $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ graft, which separated the $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ and the adjacent bone. Conclusions: These results suggest that $AlloDerm^{(R)}$ can be useful to substitute the autogenous dermis in the soft tissue defect. However, it may not be useful as a bone graft material or a carrier, since the bone defect was not completely healed by the bony tissue, regardless of the presence of osteogenic factors like rhBMP-2 or rhTGF-${\beta}1$.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.521-527
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• 2014

This case series evaluated the clinical efficacy of autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) in alveolar ridge preservation of an extraction socket. Thirteen patients who received extraction socket graft using AutoBT followed by delayed implant placements from Nov. 2008 to Aug. 2010 were evaluated. A total of fifteen implants were placed. The primary and secondary stability of the placed implants were an average of 58 ISQ and 77.9 ISQ, respectively. The average amount of crestal bone loss around the implant was 0.05 mm during an average of 22.5 months (from 12 to 34 months) of functional loading. Newly formed tissues were evident from the 3-month specimen. Within the limitations of this case, autogenous tooth bone graft material can be a favorable bone substitute for extraction socket graft due to its good bone remodeling and osteoconductivity.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2011

This study evaluated the mineral crystalline structure of an autogenous tooth bone graft material. The crystalline structures of the autogenous tooth bone graft material enamel (AutoBT E+), dentin (AutoBT D+), xenograft (BioOss), alloplastic material (MBCP), allograft (ICB) and autogenous mandibular cortical bone were compared using XRD. The XRD pattern of AutoBT dentin and ICB was similar to that of autogenous bone.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 2006

In oral and maxillofacial surgery, bone graft is very important procedure for functional and esthetic reconstruction. So, many researcher studied about bone graft material like autogenous bone, allograft bone and artificial bone materials. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quantity of bone generation induced by $Grafton^{(R)}$ graft, human allogenic demineralized bone matrix. Total 24 sites of artificial bony defects prepared using trephin bur(diameter 8 mm) on parietal bone of six adult New Zealand White rabbits. Experimental group had six defect sites which grafted $Grafton^{(R)}$(0.1 cc). Active control group had nine defect sites, into which fresh autogenous bone harvested from own parietal bone was grafted and passive control group had nine defect sites without bone graft. After six weeks postoperatively, the rabbits were sacrificed. The defects and surrounding tissue were harvested and decalcified in 10% EDTA, 10% foamic-acid. Specimens were stained with H&E. New bone area percentage in whole defect area was measured by IMT(VT) image analysis program. Quantity of bone by $Grafton^{(R)}$ graft was smaller than that of autograft and larger than that of empty defects. In histologic view $Grafton^{(R)}$ graft site and autograft site showed similar healing progress but it was observed that newly formed bone in active control group was more mature. In empty defect, quantity and thickness of new bone formation was smaller than in $Grafton^{(R)}$-grafted defect. $Grafton^{(R)}$ is supposed to be a useful bone graft material instead of autogenous bone if proper maintenance for graft material stability and enough healing time were obtained.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.38
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• pp.45.1-45.7
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• 2016

Background: We evaluated and compared the outcomes of different ossification processes in patients with alveolar cleft in whom correction was performed using endochondral bone graft or intramembranous bone graft. Methods: The patients were divided into two groups: the endochondral bone (iliac bone or rib bone) graft group and the intramembranous bone (mandibular bone) graft group. Medical records and radiologic images of patients who underwent alveolar bone grafting due to alveolar cleft were analyzed retrospectively. Through postoperative and follow-up radiologic images, the height of the interdental bone septum was classified into four types based on the highest point of alveolar ridge. Then, the height of the interdental bone septum and the area of the bone graft were evaluated according to the type of bone graft. In addition, the occurrence of complications and the need for an additional bone graft, the result of postoperative orthodontic treatment, and the eruption of impacted teeth were investigated. Results: Thirty patients were included in this study. There was no significant difference in the change of the interdental bone height and the area of the bone graft according to the type of bone. There was no significant difference in the success rate of the surgery according to the type of bone. One patient underwent an additional bone graft surgery during the follow-up period. Conclusions: The outcomes of alveolar bone grafting were not significantly different according to the type of bone graft. If appropriate to the size of the recipient site, the chin bone is a useful graft material in alveolar cleft, as is the iliac bone.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.493-502
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate on the regenerative capacity by using different size of graft materials around bony defect around implant. Material and Methods: Dental implant fixtures(Bio-TIS, Korea) were placed into the tibia of 8 rabbits. After placement of implant, artificial defects were created for each group, and the size of bone graft materials were used according to each designated group. 4 weeks after surgery, 8 rabbits were sacrificed. The histologic and histomorphometrical study were done for comparison of the regenerative capacity using $80-90{\mu}m$ and $200{\sim}1000{\mu}m$ size of grafting materials of OCS-$B^{(R)}$. Result: Matured bone formation was significantly increased more in Group E1($80-90{\mu}m$) than in Group E2($200{\sim}1000{\mu}m$). Group E1($80-90{\mu}m$) showed more significant augmentation in marginal length of graft material per unit area than Group E2($200{\sim}1000{\mu}m$). Group E1($80-90{\mu}m$) showed more interspace in graft material than Group E2($200{\sim}1000{\mu}m$). Control group showed no new bone formation around and inside of implanted fixture. Conclusion: Small grafting material size has great influence on bone regeneration.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.275-279
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• 2010

Dental implant restoration in partial or full edentulous state has become the standard treatment in recent years. Bone graft with guided bone regeneration technique has been regarded as one of the most reliable methods to restore the bone defect area due to periodontal disease or dental trauma. Bone graft materials and membrane are the essential component of guided bone regeneration; however, a variety of bone graft materials confuse us in implant dentistry. Autogenous bone is the recognized standards in implant dentistry owing to its osteogenesis potential. Despite of its disadvantages, grafting autogenous bone is the most reliable methods. Even though the development of new bone grafts materials, autogenous bone is useful in exposed implant thread and total lack of buccal or lingual bone. Allogenic, xenogenic and synthetic bone have the osteoconductive and osteoinductive potential. These materials could be used successfully in self-contained cavity such as sinus cavity and three-wall defects. In this article, application of bone graft material is suggested according to the function of bone graft materials.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.146-153
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• 2014

Purpose: This study compares and evaluates the efficacy of graft materials after maxillary sinus bone grafts with autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT), demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). Methods: The study involved 30 sinuses in 26 patients who visited the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry in Ajou University Hospital and received either AutoBT, DFDBA or DBBM with sinus elevation using the lateral window technique. Sinus graft height was measured before, immediately after, and six months after bone graft with panoramic radiography and the height changes of the sinus floor was compared according to the graft materials. Results: After six months, the decrease ratio of graft heights were 13.57% for AutoBT group, 14.30% for DFDBA group, and 11.92% for DBBM group. There was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The new maxillary sinus floor formed by the upper border of bone graft material, can repneumatize after the maxillary sinus elevation. Thus, long-term stability of sinus graft height represents an important factor for implant success. We found that the three graft materials for sinus elevation do not differ significantly and all three graft materials showed excellent resistance to maxillary sinus repneumatization. However, due to the special circumstances of the maxillary sinus and small sample, the actual difference between the three graft materials may not have been detectable. Therefore further study needs to be conducted for more reliable study results.