• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.354-363
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• 2011

This study aimed to find the differences in weight control status and eating behavior of satisfied and dissatisfied female high school students regarding their own body shape. The participants consisted of 238 students at two female high schools in Nonsan-si, Chungnam-do in May of 2008. Self-assessment evaluated present body shape and ideal body shape they would like to have by providing silhouette drawings. The subjects were divided into two groups, 'satisfied' and 'dissatisfied', according to the differences between present body shape and ideal body shape. In the distribution of subjects according to body mass index, 100% of overweight, 97.0% of normal weight and 48.7% of underweight belonged to the dissatisfied group. There were significant differences in weight control and eating behavior between dissatisfied and satisfied groups in terms of frequency and reasons of conducting weight control behavior, body weight return after weight reduction, skipping breakfast and consuming fast food. The satisfied group was two times more likely to not conduct weight control behaviors compared to the dissatisfied group. The main reason for trying to control weight differed according to the group; the reason was feeling fat in the dissatisfied group and desiring to be healthy in the satisfied group. The percentage of subjects that returned to their original weights after weight reduction was 5 times higher in the dissatisfied group. The percentages of subjects that regularly skip breakfast and consume fast food were both higher in the dissatisfied group than in the satisfied group. The dissatisfied group responded 'eating alone' more frequently among nine binge eating behaviors compared to the satisfied group. Both groups, however, did not show any difference in overeating of meals, eating speed, intake frequency of regular meals, food preference, preferred cooking method, carbonated beverage intake and snack eating behavior. In summary, the dissatisfied group tried more unnecessary body weight reduction and had poor eating behavior. Accordingly, to correct the biased perception of body shape by the majority of female high school students, the values of our society should change toward the pursuit of beauty of health.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.145-145
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• 1993

In bicycle design, saddle is the major part which effects the subjective comfort of rider. This study examines the correlation between the subjective comfort and elastic body pressure. The elastic body pressure measuring instrument for free-form surface such as saddle is developed by force sensor register, A/D converter and computer. The subjective comfort is measured quantit- atively by 11-point scale method and the elastic body pressure distribution is obtained through 3 different saddles at 4 postures. The pressure distribution is presented by computerized equi- pressure contour. While mean pressure, standard deviation of pressure, maximum pressure are inversely proportional to subjective comfort, the modified saddle-bearing weight which is the surface integral of pressure is directly proportional. Consequently, standard deviation of pressure is most important characteristic which affects variation of subjective comfort.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.443-450
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• 2011

The effects of dietary supplementation with Hizikia fusiformis on anti-hyperlipidemic activities were investigated in an animal study in which normal rats were fed Hizikia fusiformis, Hizikia fusiformis ethanol extract and Hizikia fusiformis ethanol extract residue. Serum total lipid and triglyceride levels were significantly (P<0.05) reduced in rats fed Hizikia fusiformis ethanol extract residue at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight when compared to hyperlipidemic control rats. There were also significant decreases in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in the rats fed Hizikia fusiformis ethanol extract residue at 200 mg/kg body weight. In addition, the atheroscrelosis index and superoxide dismutase in blood lipids were significantly (P<0.05) lowered in rats fed Hizikia fusiformis ethanol extract residue at 200 mg/kg body weight, as compared to control rats. In conclusion, Hizikia fusiformis and Hizikia fusiformis ethanol extract residue had beneficial antihyperlipidemic and antiarteriosclerosis effects.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.235-241
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• 2011

The anti-hyperlipidemic effects of dietary supplementation with sea tangle Laminaria japonica were investigated using an animal model in which normal rats were fed either sea tangle, sea tangle ethanol extract (EE-ST) and sea tangle extracted residue (ER-ST). Total lipid and triglyceride levels in the serum were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in rats fed ER-ST at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight when compared to hyperlipidemic control rats. Significant decreases in serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels also occurred in rats fed ER-ST at 200 mg/kg body weight. In addition, the atherosclerosis index and superoxide dismutase in blood lipids were significantly (P < 0.05) lowered in rats fed ER-ST at 200 mg/kg body weight as compared to control rats. In conclusion, sea tangle and ER-ST exhibited beneficial anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-arteriosclerosis effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.1003-1004
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• 2010

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-144
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to have better data and to make efficient clinical reviews on pre-school children's growth based on two measurements; Body composition for measuring body volume and bone age for potential growth. Methods : The study was conducted with 221 children(118 of boys and 103 of girls) from three kindergartens. Body compositions(soft lean mass, body fat mass, percent body fat) were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, bone age was measured by bone density through ultrasonic image of calcaneus. Results and Conclusions : 1. The higher level on weight or BMI, the more averages of soft lean mass, body fat mass, percent body fat. 2. The average bone ages and bone age-chronological age were lower in under 50 percentile's group, but it was higher in upper 50 percentile's group. Also, children with high BMI had older in bone ages and bone age-chronological age. 3. The higher in height percentile based on the bone age; there were more soft lean mass. 4. The averages of bone age and bone age-chronological age were significantly decreased, the more percentiles of height according to bone age were big, they were higher than total average in under 50 percentile's group of height, lower than total average in over 50 percentile's group of height in both boys and girls. 5. The average of MPH were significantly decreased in top percentiles of children's height distribution. Also, in the upper percentiles of height distribution based on bone age were big in only boys. 6. The body compositions(soft lean mass, body fat mass, percent body fat) were related to body volume growth, which can he measured by weight or BMI. The bone age, bone age-chronological age, and MPH were related in terms of hight. The body volume growth was a little hit related with potential growth.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1988

This study was conducted to obtain more detailed information on the characteristics of body fat distribution, genetic variation and correlation of fat amount at different location in broiler type chicken. A total of 429 offsprings, produced by mating 13 sires with 52 dams of WPR, were used for this study. All experimental analyses were made on dressed carcasses of 8 weeks of age. The average live body weight was 1,856g in male and 1,483g in female, the proportions of each part to live body weight were higher in male group except skin and abdominal fat pad. The total body fat was more in male (40.76g), but fat rate of total body, skin, and abdomen to live body weight were significantly higher in female group. The fat percentages in each body location were significantly higher in the fatty group and in each sex. The rates of abdominal fat to total body fat were increased by fattening, while subcutaneous fat percentages were lowered. There were high correlations between body weight and fat deposit in each location. The genetic correlation coefficients of body weight to fat percentages of skinned carcass, skin, abdomen, and total body fat to live body weight were negative in both sexes, but those to total body fat, eviscerated carcass fat, and skin fat were positive. In conclusion, the fat weight and fat percentage in individual chickens became higher by fattening however, genetic correlation between live body weight and percentages total body fat to live body weight were so low(negative) that decreasing body fat could be possible without decreasing body weight.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.658-666
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate among adolescents (total=729) the relationship between their self-esteem, body-cathexis, their attitudes toward the importance of their bodies, their anthropometric characteristics, their perceptions of their body shapes and their experiences with weight control. The results are summarized as follows: The mean values for self-esteem and body-cathexis were generally low, but these values were significantly higher among boys than girls (p<0.01-0.001). However the mean values for their attitudes toward the importance of their bodies were relatively high and were significantly higher among girls than boys (p<0.01). The mean values for Percent Ideal Body Weight (PIBW) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were normal and no significant differences between the genders were observed. The distribution of the PIBW and the BMI values showed a higher rate for normal weights among the girls and a higher rate for underweightedness and obesity among the boys (p<0.01). With regard to their perception of their body image, among the boys, their current figures were almost identical with their idea of an ideal figure, but among the girls, their idea of an ideal figure was thinner than their current figure. The girls were more dissatisfied with their own body image than the boys (p<0.001). Fifty-four percent of the subjects had previous weight control experience, and the girls had significantly more experience than the boys (p<0.001). Their main reason for practising weight control was to lose weight (65.3%) Those who had more weight control experience had lower satisfaction with their body shapes, higher PIBW, higher BMIs or currently had fatter figures. Their standard image of their figures was influenced by TV (40.3%) and friends (36.9%). There was a weakly positive correlation between their self-esteem and their satisfaction with their body shapes, and a weakly negative correlation between their satisfaction with their body shapes and their attitudes toward the importance of their bodies. These results suggest the necessity for an educational program for adolescents as to foster a positive body image. Such a program should consider psychological factors such as self-esteem, satisfaction with body shape and attitudes toward the importance of the body.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.533-541
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate using of diet therapy materials and the compliance of diet therapy by distribution of body weight in diabetic patients. The percentage of diabetic patients who was distributed by BMI was 18.5% in under weight group, 51.5% in normal weight group, 16.9% in over weight group and 13.1% in obesity group. Of 130 diabetic patients, 62.3% experienced weight loss after the diagnosis. 35.4% of the diabetic patients had ever been in the hospital. 38.5% of the diabetic patients had prevalence of the complications. Knowledge for diet therapy showed low score in over weight and obesity group, specially in the items on the amount of food that I have to consume or the method selecting foods using the food exchange list. Diet therapy practice was also lower in obesity group than the other groups. Most of diabetic patients thought the diet therapy was important and got diet therapy materials through dietitian or doctor. But using of diet therapy materials was 50.0% in under weight group, 41.8% in normal weight group. 22.7% in over weight group and 35.3% in obesity group. Food exchange list was diet therapy item considered as the most difficult for diabetic patients to understand. Diet therapy items considered as the most necessary by diabetic patients were to be attended to choose foods and how to make out menu. This study showed that the diabetic patients were different in using of diet therapy materials or diet therapy practice by distribution of body weight. Therefore it is suggested that the program composed of necessary contents by body weight distribution of diabetic patients need to be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2024

PURPOSE: This study examined the distribution dynamics and proposed determinants, including morphological measurements, clinical laboratory tests, and lifestyle factors among young Korean men aged 20 to 29 years with the coexistence of age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and obesity (CALSMO). METHODS: Six hundred and sixty-six participants were divided into two groups based on their skeletal muscle mass index, with 12 individuals categorized in the CALSMO group and the remaining 654 in the normal group. The proposed determinants variables consisted of three main components: morphological measurements, clinical laboratory tests, and lifestyle factors. The morphological measurement variables were height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and skeletal muscle mass index. The clinical laboratory tests were fasting glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The lifestyle factors considered were alcohol consumption and tobacco use. Complex sampling analysis was performed for the evaluation. RESULTS: The distribution dynamics were determined to be 1.81(1.02-3.18) %. Morphological factors, such as height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and skeletal muscle mass index, showed significant differences (p < .05). The clinical laboratory test variables, specifically the fasting glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels, also exhibited significant differences (p < .05). The lifestyle factor, alcohol consumption, also showed a significance (p < .05). CONCLUSION: This study provides insights into the distribution dynamics. The proposed determinants in young Korean individuals with CALSMO are height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, fasting glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, and alcohol consumption.