• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.30
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• pp.275-294
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• 1996

In fashion there was a move away from the ascetic of the Gothic according to the appear-ance of a new spirit at the beginning of the fourteenth centuries initially in Italy. The new spirit Humanism applied their interest not to the universal but to the individual and particular. The Renaissace costume style based on the Humanism was sharp angled and curvy and had a grotesque silhouette with the exaggerated and tense decorations. The purpose of this study is researching the background led to the balanced costume style characterized by unique details. out of the tastte for luxury and beauty grew a new style known as slashing in which seams were left open and colored linigs thrust through or cuts were made in an entire cos-tume and contrasting material puffed out of the cuts. With the slashes another element was characterized in the high Renaissance cos-tume style that was the use of points or lace to hold a costume together. For the masculint costumes pads became into a fashion and were used for forming the antinatural artificial and bulky silhouettes. The body was distorted and tensed by putting the pads into the sleeves and bodice. The jacket with a full rounded bodice like a bow known as peascod belly and haut de chausses a onion-shaped trunk hose with a codipiece ap-peared and grew one of the most characteristic of Renaissance style. According to these sociological changes the view of the beauty based on the human body and in both of men and women the costume style was changed very much to emphasixed their physical beauty and finally it grew a grotesque style and even more a exposed style that exposed a part of their body. Those backgrounds as were stated above can be said to lead to the appearance of the grotesque style in the Renaissance Age.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.159-171
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristic of Chanel style between modern and postmodern period. The documentary research method was used for this study. The modem period was limited from around 1920 through 1939 and the postmodern period from 1990 through present for this research. The results were summarized as follows: The characteristics of clothing style in modem period were 1) the preference of slim & straight body figure as ideal one and slim & straight clothing silhouette, 2) the high fashion image for the elite by simple & basic design, 3) the emphasis on the harmony by the unity, 4) the tendency of eliminating ornaments on clothing, 5) the discontinuation of traditional way of dress code & style, and 6) the modern style. The characteristics of clothing style in postmodern period were 1) the emphasis on erotic aspects of female body and sexy design, 2) the popularization of high fashion and certain social group's fashion, 3) the tendency of harmony by mix-match, 4) the preference of ornaments in clothing, 5) the preference of retro-fashion, and 6) the continuation of modem style.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-29
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze eroticism shown in the fashion of Lady Gaga's music video. This study methods taken theoretical consideration and then was classified eroticism based on previous studies and was analyzed costumes from Lady Gaga's music video. The results of this study were as follows: Avant-garde style exaggerates shoulders, hips, a hat or uses metal and glossy material, tape, leather and it was expressed into emphasizing or baldly exposing breast. Primitive style was expressed in ethnic style and animal patterns, lingerie look with drastic, bald exposing fashion. Romantic style was expressed using rococo style costume, frill, pleats, decoration and was produces eroticism with see-through look or costume fitting to the body. Sportive style expresses a healthier and erotic image using tight costume in yellow, blue and black while exposing belly and legs. Janus-faced style was expressed by dressing up like a man or using the method of attachment and exposure in clergy's costume. Humorous style was expressed by emphasizing parts of body or costume itself. As examined in the above, Lady Gaga was expressed various eroticism images in her music video and is builds her own sexually appealing.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.309-316
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• 2015

The styles by character type in customizing systems were analyzed, being classified into creative style, attractive style, grotesque style, usual style, and suit style on the basis of the 'fashion style types of game characters' proposed in the previous research. The creative and convergent designs that couldn't be implemented in reality were expressed in various forms because those designs were created in virtual space, one feature of games. The analysis of the fashion styles of characters was focused on the RPG using the characters with exaggerated body proportions beyond the general body proportions in reality and the features on game characters that were identified by gamers. Thus, the creative style and attractive style showed a high frequency. The common features were identified because the costume designs and colors for characters are generally selected in accordance with the gamers' requests or by reflecting the view on the world. However, it was difficult to find out the representative cases for hair designs and colors because of excessively diverse expressions. The results of this paper will be a valuable reference for the research on the fashion item development manual satisfying the gamers' personalities and requests and relevant research.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.406-416
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• 2015

Timing plays a key role in expressing the qualitative aspects of a character's motion; that is, conveying emotional state, personality, and character role, all potentially without changing spatial positions. Temporal editing of locomotion style is particularly difficult for a novice animator since observers are not well attuned to the sense of weight and energy displayed through motion timing; and the interface for adjusting timing is far less intuitive to use than that for adjusting pose. In this paper, we propose an editing system that effectively captures the timing variations in an example locomotion set and utilizes them for style transfer from one motion to another via both global and upper-body timing transfers. The global timing transfer focuses on matching the input motion to the body speed of the selected example motion, while the upper-body timing transfer propagates the sense of movement flow - succession - through the torso and arms. Our transfer process is based on key times detected from the example set and transferring the relative changes of angle rotation in the upper body joints from a timing source to an input target motion. We demonstrate that our approach is practical in an interactive application such that a set of short locomotion cycles can be applied to generate a longer sequence with continuously varied timings.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.79-91
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of women's attitudes toward women's underwear on image-creation efficacy and appearance management attitude. A total of 405 surveys of women working at an industrial complex in the Daegu-Kyoungbuk area were used for data analysis. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were used for data analysis. The findings were as follows. The sub-factors of women's attitudes regarding women's underwear were found to be 'aesthetics/body-style compensation', 'ostentation', 'functionality', and 'manner estimation' and the sub-factors of image-making efficacy were 'display confidence', 'face-image confidence' and 'display ability'. Appearance management attitude had factors such as total coordination, weight management, skin management, and pursuit of change. Aesthetics/body-style compensation, functionality, and ostentation, which were sub-variables of attitudes toward underwear, had a significant influence on image-creation efficacy. Aesthetics/body-style compensation and ostentation had significant influences on appearance management attitude. Aesthetics/body-style compensation was found to have a significant influence on all sub-variables of both image-creation efficacy and appearance management attitude.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.307-315
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• 2020

The physique and health status of Chinese college students have received a generous concern in recent years. The physical condition of Chinese college students is not good and this phenomenon is especially obvious among female college students, which has been an disputable fact. This study starts from exercise intervention to study the concrete influence of taijiquan (a kind of traditional Chinese shadow boxing) and five-animal exercises on human body balance ability; the study uses experimental apparatus to measure the specific impact of exercise intervention on human body balance ability; meanwhile, the study also applies data analysis to longitudinally study whether the two studied sports items affect body balance, and whether there is difference in terms of the influence of two sports items on human body balance ability. The conclusions are as follows: firstly, 24-style taijiquan and five-animal exercises can improve ankle muscle strength, and the focus and degree of the improvement are different; secondly, five-animal exercises have a better improvement effect on the flexor and extensor muscles of ankle joint and 24-style taijiquan is in the second place. Moreover, compared with 24-style taijiquan, there is no significant difference in terms of the improvement caused by five-animal exercises; thirdly, 24-style taijiquan has a better effect on the improvement of internal rotation and evertors muscle strength. Compared with 24-style taijiquan, five-animal exercises have no significant difference in terms of the improvement degree.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.357-370
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• 2010

This study presents the basic resources for the enhancement of the competitiveness of the Korean fashion brands in the Chinese fashion market. They are composed of the differences and common points of clothing styles in Seoul, Beijing, and Shanghai, by analyzing the style comparatively. The research was performed by taking pictures of the Summer 2009 street fashions, from July $1^{st}$ to July $15^{th}$ 1999 (10 am to 5 pm). Among the data about the three cities, 200 photos were selected of women in their twenties and thirties, respectively. The disparity of regional preferences were noted in the fields of easy casual, romantic casual, sports casual, character casual, classic style, and feminine style. There were no specific differences in style among the three cities in the easy casual and classic style. The romantic casual after the easy casual were more prevalent in Seoul, as compared to the two cities in China. The neat style was more prevalent in Seoul. In Beijing the feminine style after the easy casual were preferred. The conservative style was more preferred in Seoul, while the body exposed style was preferred in Beijing and Shanghai. In Shanghai, the character casual was preferred and shows the similarity to the fashion style of Seoul, rather than Beijing. The high exposure of the body in romantic casual and feminine styles was more remarkable in Beijing and Shanghai. The frequency of the character casual that emphasized individuality with a unique style was relatively high in Shanghai. Seoul, Shanghai, and Beijing showed a similarity in the acceptance of fashion trends and preferences in clothing style. However, the fashion coordination in Shanghai and Beijing was different from Seoul.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2010

Recently, research on variables associated with hair styles are increasing with the spreading of total coordinated intention in the fields of clothing and cosmetology. In the present study, we focused on examining the skin temperature on the scalp(the vertex, temporal, and occiput), humidity on the occiput, skin temperatures (the forehead, back of ear, back of neck, upper back, abdomen, forearm, hand, thigh, calf, and foot), rectal temperature, total body mass loss by hair styles in a thermal neutral environment. Four young females participated as subjects. For a certain period, each subject had the five different hair styles in a random order: (1)Straight short hair(SS), (2)Perm waved short hair(PS), (3) Straight long hair(SL), (4)Perm waved long hair(PL), (5)Ponytail style(PT). Subjects wore briefs, bra, shirts with long sleeves, long legged training pants, and socks. The environmental variables of a climatic chamber were kept constant at $21{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ of air temperature and 55${\pm}$5%RH of air humidity. The results indicated the following: The skin temperature and humidity on the scalp did not show any significant differences among five different hair styles, but straight long hair style(SL)was the highest on the vertex, temporal, and occiput. The temporal skin temperature($29.8\sim30.8^{\circ}C$) was the highest, while the vertex skin temperature($28.7\sim30.1^{\circ}C$) was the lowest. Humidity on the occiput was the highest in the perm waved long hair style(PL). The back of ear skin temperature was significantly lower in the ponytail style(PT) than in the other four hair styles(p<.001). In the straight long hair style(SL), the skin temperature on the back of the neck and on the upper back were significantly higher than those of the other four hair styles(p<.01). Mean skin temperature and rectal temperature had no significant differences among hair styles. Total body mass was the highest in the perm waved long hair style(PL)(p<.05). We acquired fundamental data to enable the improvement of the current hair clinic system, wigs, functional hats, and helmets.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.644-652
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among life style, body composition and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in community dwelling Korean adults. Methods: Data were collected from 140 adults who participated in a health check-up program at community health departments in D city, Choong-chung providence. Subjects' life style was assessed with a structured interview survey. Body composition analyses were performed by the bioimpedence method and BMD was measured by peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry. Results: Among the subjects, 39.3% showed normal BMD values, 50.7% were osteopenic and 10% were assessed as osteoporotic. BMD was significantly different by gender, age, education, economic status and BMI. Subjects who had three or more meals/day had higher BMD then who had less than three meals (t=-2.273, p=.026). BMD was not influenced by regular exercise, alcohol consumption, or smoking. In terms of body composition, there was a significant relationship between fat free mass and BMD (r=.172, p=.043). Conclusion: Implementing an osteoporosis prevention program would be warrented considering the significant proportion of osteopenic or osteoporotic subjects. Regular eating habit with three meals for adequate nutrition need to be emphasized to prevent further bone loss in this population. Among the body composition, fat free mass seem to be the mostly predicting factor for BMD.