• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.125-125
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• 1995

일반 가정의 염소 처리된 수소수 사용과 관련되 클로로포롬 노풀을 확인 할 필요성에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 삼십분 동안의 정상적인 목욕이 아파트의 한 욕실에서 두명의 자원자에 의해서 10차례 행해졌다. 클로로포름 농도가 물과 욕실 공기 및 목욕 전후에 피실험자의 호기로부터 측정되었다. 염소처리 수도수를 사용하여 목욕을 했을 ?? 클로로포름에 대한 노출이 일어났고, 인체 부담도 야기되었다. 목욕 전후에 채취된 호기 시료의 농도차에 기초하여. 한번의 30분 목욕으로 부터 야기되는 클로로포름에 대한 인체부담은 목욕전에 비하여 8배 내지 26배가 되는 것으로 산정 되었다. 이와같은 인체부담을 설명하기 위해서 측정된 물과 욕실공기내의 클로로포름 농도는 각각 $9.4\mu\textrm{g}/l$ 및 $14.9\mu\textrm{g}/m^3$ 이었다. 이러한 욕셀 공기내의 클로로포름 농도는 거실공기 보다 34배 내지 130배 가량 높게 나타났다. 욕실공기와 해당 호기에서의 클로로포름의 농도 관계는 p=0.03 와 $R^2=0.47$의 조건에서 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2017

담수에 서식하는 참실지렁이(Tubifex tubifex)가 수온 변화에 따라 보이는 반응과 하상의 구성에 대한 선호성을 분석하였다. 수온이 증가할 때 참실지렁이는 활동성이 증가하였다. $10{\sim}16^{\circ}C$의 낮은 온도에서 50% 이상의 개체가 몸을 수축하고 꼬여있는 상태로 관찰되었으며, $24^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 대부분의 개체가 몸을 꼬임 없이 이완시킨 상태로 관찰되었다. 하상입자의 크기가 다른 여러 하상을 이용한 실험에서는 가장 작은 입자인 미사-진흙 (silt-clay, <0.063 mm)을 선호하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 1999

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging technique used to produce high quality images of the inside of the animal body. MRI is based on the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and started out as a tomographic imaging technique, that is it produced an image of the NMR signal in a thin slice through the animal body. The animal body is primarily fat and water, Fat and water have many hydrogen atoms. Hydrogen nuclei have an NMR signal. For these reasons magnetic resonance imaging primarily images the NMR signal from the hydrogen nuclei. Hydrogen protons, within the body align with the magnetic field. By applying short radio frequency (RF) pulses to a specific anatomical slice, the protons in the slice absorb energy at this resonant frequency causing them to spin perpendicular to the magnetic field. As the protons relax back into alignment with the magnetic field, a signal is received by an RF coil that acts as an antennae. This signal is processed by a computer to produce diagnostic images of the anatomical area of interest.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.47-51
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• 2005

Using satellite images, an optimal solution to water motion has been presented in this study. Since temperature patterns are suitable tracers in water motion, Sea Surface Temperature (SST) images of Caspian Sea taken by MODIS sensor on board Terra satellite have been used in this study. Two daily SST images with 24 hours time interval are used as input data. Computation of templates correspondence between pairs of images is crucial within motion algorithms using non-rigid body objects. Image matching methods have been applied to estimate water body motion within the two SST images. The least squares matching technique, as a flexible technique for most data matching problems, offers an optimal spatial solution for the motion estimation. The algorithm allows for simultaneous local radiometric correction and local geometrical image orientation estimation. Actually, the correspondence between the two image templates is modeled both geometrically and radiometrically. Geometric component of the model includes six geometric transformation parameters and radiometric component of the model includes two radiometric transformation parameters. Using the algorithm, the parameters are automatically corrected, optimized and assessed iteratively by the least squares algorithm. The method used in this study, has presented more efficient and robust solution compared to the traditional motion estimation schemes.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2000

Although the mummies of Lee Myeong-Jung and his wife who were a member of the Moon family, were buried in similar sites in around 1560, the degree of decay of the dead bodies and antiquities between two people were quite different. This study was focused on the cause of-those differences in terms of engineering geology. Cranular soil found several metered depth around the study site has good drainage ability and such characteristic could be a factor of excellent conservation of dead body. From the physical characteristics of the lime-containing material that is considered to be a barrier from water and air, it was observed that the material around dead body of wife was more compact and denser than that of husband. Such results could be a clear evidence that the lime containing material around dead body of wife was excellent barrier for keeping away from water and air. To investigate those differences of physical characteristics and constituent materials between two lime-containing materials, minerals had to be identified from the two materials. It was revealed that lime-containing material around dead body of wife contains gypsum and more calcite, which could be the reason for better barrier preventing from water and air than those around husband.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.146-162
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• 2018

The unsteady problem of a rigid body impact onto a floating plate is studied. Both the plate and the water are at rest before impact. The plate motion is caused by the impact force transmitted to the plate through an elastic layer with viscous damping on the top of the plate. The hydrodynamic force is calculated by using the second-order model of plate impact by Iafrati and Korobkin (2011). The present study is concerned with the deceleration experienced by a rigid body during its collision with a floating object. The problem is studied also by a fully-nonlinear computational-fluid-dynamics method. The elastic layer is treated with a moving body-fitted grid, the impacting body with an immersed boundary method, and a discrete-element method is used for the contact-force model. The presence of the elastic layer between the impacting bod- ies may lead to multiple bouncing of them, if the bodies are relatively light, before their interaction is settled and they continue to penetrate together into the water. The present study is motivated by ship slamming in icy waters, and by the effect of ice conditions on conventional free-fall lifeboats.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2000

In order to understand the impact for decomposition of blue-green algae Microcystis on water quality, the algae were cultivated with collection of natural population during approximately one month, when water-bloom of Microcystis dominated at August 31, 1999 in the lower part of the Okchon Stream. The enrichment of inorganic NㆍP nutrients didn't in algal assay and the effect of Microcystis on water duality was assessed from the variation of nutrients by algal senescence. Microcystis population seemed to play a temporary role of sink for nutrients in the water body. Initial algal density of Microcystis was 2.3×10/sup 6/ cells/㎖. When Microcystis population died out under light condition, algal NㆍP nutrients between 9∼12 days affected to increase of biomass after reuse by other algal growth as soon as release to the ambient water. However, cellular nutrients under dark condition were almost moved into the water during algal cultivation. NH₄, NO₃ and SRP concentration were highly increased with 160, 17 and 79 folds, respectively relative to the early. As a result, the senescence of Microcystis population seemed to be an important biological factor in which cause more eutrophy and increase of explosive algal development by a lot of nutrients transfer to water body. There are significantly observed an effort of reduce for production of inner organic matters such a phytoplankton as well as load pollutants from watershed in side of the water quality management of reservoir.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 전자과도현상 해석 프로그램인 ATPDraw를 이용한 사례연구로써 인체에 전격이 가해지는 순간의 과도현상을 해석하였다. 사례연구를 위한 2가지 전격 모델은 최악의 환경을 조성하고자 수중에서 발생하는 것으로 가정하였으며, 첫째, 인체가 수중에서 전원설비의 노출 충전부에 접촉하였을 경우와 둘째, 인체의 수족이 수중에서 동시에 대지에 접촉하는 경우를 모델링하였다. 모델링 후 각 사례에 대해 인체의 각 부위에서의 계산된 전압, 전류를 비교하여 전격 순간의 과도현상을 해석하였다. 첫 번째 모델에 대한 해석 결과, 인체가 수중 노출충전부에 촉수시 순간적인 과도현상이 발생하며, 이때의 전압, 전류는 촉수 전후보다 현저히 증가되는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 이 현상은 지속시간이 매우 짧아 통전전류와 시간의 적이 안전한계 이내임을 감안할 때, 수용가의 상용전압에서의 전격의 영향은 그다지 크지 않을 것으로 사료된다. 두 번째 모델에서는 인체의 수족이 대지에 동시에 접촉했을 경우, 접촉 순간 인체에 유기되는 전압의 크기는 전반적으로 감소되었으나, 가슴 부위를 통과하는 전류량이 급증하였다. 그러나 그 크기가 작고 지속시간이 짧아 인체에 미치는 전격의 영향은 미미할 것으로 사료된다. 결국 두 경우 모두 전압의 크기, 인체 임피던스에 따라 전격의 영향이 좌우될 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2008

Background: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the norepinephrine－induced nociceptive effects by monitoring catecholamines and its metabolites in human body. Methods: To exam the antisympathetic effect from the healthy volunteer(male:15, female:15) by monitoring changes of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, metanephrine, normetanephrine, and others of urine, a comparative study with warm water immersion ($40.8{\pm}0.3^{\circ}C$) and infrared (250W) was carried out. Results: The urinalysis showed that the concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine were significantly decreased by both warm water immersion－and infrared－stimulated group of urine in 24 hours. Conclusion: Therefore, these results suggest that the diminished responsiveness on the epinephrine and norepinephrine to warm water immersion and infrared in volunteer may be, in part, related by the increased of antisympathetic effects.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.83-84
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• 2016

For the slip resistance test of shower room floor, the "O-Y Pull Slip Meter method (O-Y·PSM)" regulated under KS M 3510. This test method uses cooking oil as a substitute of soapy water, and thus it does not reflect the real condition. In this study, on 10 types of floor material samples, the Coefficient of Slip Resistance Bath (CSR·B) on bare foot between 10 types of body wash solution and 6 types of SDS solution was compared. The body wash solution is a mixture of soap and water in 1:20 ratio. As a result, SDS 0.1% solution was the most suitable for a substitute of soapy water in shower.