• Korean journal of health promotion
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2019

Background: Obesity and deterioration of pulmonary function are known to increase all-cause mortality and morbidity associated with chronic diseases. Obesity is a known risk factor for decreasing pulmonary function; however, studies on the effect of changes in body weight or body mass index (BMI) on pulmonary function are rare. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the change in body weight or BMI and the pulmonary function test (PFT) in Koreans who underwent consecutive screening at a health promotion center. Methods: We enrolled 5,032 patients who underwent consecutive screening health check-ups at a health promotion center in 2015 and 2017. The BMI was calculated as the body weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m²) in 2015 and 2017. We analyzed the association between the change in body weight or BMI and PFT. Results: In males, PFT and changes in body weight were associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) but not with changes in BMI. In females, FEV₁/forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow between 25-75% of vital capacity (FEF_25-75%) were significantly associated with the changes in body weight and BMI. A correlation analysis between body weight and BMI showed a negative correlation with FEF_25-75% in males. In females, FEV₁/FVC and FEF_25-75% were negatively correlated. Conclusions: We observed that the increase in body weight and BMI was significantly associated with pulmonary function. This finding suggests that careful monitoring of body weight and BMI may aid in maintaining proper pulmonary function, thereby, reducing mortality and morbidity.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.217-227
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• 2005

The data mining is a new approach to extract useful information through effective analysis of huge data in numerous fields. We utilized this data mining technique to analyze medical record of 35,671 people. Whole data were assorted by BMI score and divided into two groups. We tried to find out BMI risk factor from overweight group by analyzing the raw data with data mining approach. The result extracted by C5.0 decision tree method showed that important risk factors for BMI score are triglyceride, gender, age and HDL cholesterol. Odds ratio of major risk factors were calculated to show individual effect of each factors.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.276-283
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• 2005

Purpose : Visceral fat accumulation plays a major role in metabolic complications of obesity. It is known that nonalcoholic fatty liver in obese adults is associated with visceral fat accumulation. Body mass index(BMI) is used as the index of obesity in children. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation of BMI and visceral adipose tissue(VAT), and the correlation of BMI, body fat distribution, aminotransferases, and severity of fatty liver. Methods : Twenty three obese children with fatty liver diagnosed by non-contrast abdominal computed tomography(CT) were included in this study. Data on BMI, aminotransferase levels were collected from clinical records. Visceral adipose area was evaluated with CT. Results : BMI had a singnificant correlation with VAT(r=0.51719, P=0.0115). The severity of fatty liver had no significant correlations with BMI(r=-0.11938, P=0.5876), VAT(r=-0.31234, P=0.1468), aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(r=0.12729, P=0.5628) or alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(r=-0.00179, P=0.9935). Conclusion : BMI in obese children was correlated with VAT. But the severity of fatty liver cannot be assessed by BMI, VAT or aminotransferase levels.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.278-290
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of total cholesterol levels (TC) and the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in response to changes in BMI. The subjects included a total of 28,249 industrial workers (25,548 male and 2,701 female) aged 30-69 years old who had received regular medical check-ups at least once per year from 2002 to 2012 (over 11 years). Data from this period were categorized into a first term (2002-2005), middle term (2006-2009), and last term (2010-2012). Then, the average TC was stratified by BMI, which was obtained from the initial examination results of each individual. In addition, average changes in TC were analyzed by stratifying with changes in BMI over 10 years (starting in 2002). The annual occurrence rates of hypercholesterolemia stratified by BMI were further assessed in patients with normal ranges of TC. In all three terms, the average TC was significantly elevated in the obese group ($25.0kg/m^2$) compared to the low weight group ($18.5kg/m^2$) and the normal weight group ($18.5-25.0kg/m^2$). Similarly, the group with higher BMI presented elevated rates of hypercholesterolemia compared to the groups with low BMI. In addition, increased BMI over the 10 year period significantly influenced TC. Consequently, it is suggested that evaluation and intervention for obesity control may be needed in order to manage the risk of high serum lipid levels.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.480-488
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• 2002

This study was performed to document the association between obesity, a major risk factor for chronic diseases, and dietary pattern in Korean elderly. The subjects were 595 men and women aged 60-89 years. The subjects were classified into 4 groups based on BMI: under weight, BMI < 18.5, normal weight, 18.5 $\leq$ BMI 22.9; overweight, 23.0 BMI 24.9; and obese BMI $\geq$ 25.0. Dietary intakes by 24-hr recall, blood pressure, anthropometric parameters and health eating index (HEI) were measured. Underweight group was excluded for data analysis doe to small number of subjects, and age-adjusted measurements were compared among normal, overweight and obese groups. The mean anthropometric values for males and females were 23.7 and 24.8 kg/$m^2$ for BMI, 0.90 and 0.86 for WHR and 140.7 and 138.8 mmHg for SBP, respectively. The mean intakes of energy, Ca, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$, and vitamin E did not meet Korean RDA for elderly. Intakes of fat and cholesterol were low: the percent energy from fat for male and female subjects were 19.1% and 18.1% and mean cholesterol intakes were 208 mg and 152 mg, respectively. Judging by HEI score, dietary quality was better in females than in male subjects. The mean BMI of normal, over and obese groups were 21.4, 23.9, 26.7 kg/$m^2$ in male subjects and 21.6, 23.9, 27.1 kg/$m^2$ in female subjects. WHR, SBP and TSF were increased with increasing BMI No association was found between BMI and nutrient intakes and/or food consumption pattern. However, a tendency was shown that the overweight group reported higher intakes in most nutrients compared to normal and obese groups. This study implies that with increasing BMI, anthropometric risk factors, such as WHR, TSF, and blood pressure were Increased, however, no significant differences were found in nutrient intakes and food patterns. Energy and fat intakes do not seem to be a cause for obesity in Korean elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.4843-4853
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of blood pressures, hematological and biochemical properties of blood according to the degree of obesity in health checkup examinees. Study subjects were 3,731 adults of 20 years and over (2,312 males, 1,419 females), who underwent health package check-up at the Korea Health Management Association from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2009. As a result, the rates according to the degree of obesity of study subjects were 4.6% in low weight group, 44.3% in normal weight group, 25.0% in over weight group and 26.1% in obesity group. The over weight group were significantly higher in 40's age group than other groups, and the obesity group were significantly higher in 50's age group than other groups. The abnormal rates of SBP, DBP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, ALT, AST in male were significantly higher than that of female. With respect to degree of BMI, the abnormal rates of SBP, DBP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP were significantly increased with higher level of BMI. The age-adjusted odds ratio in the abnormal level of SBP, DBP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, AST, ALT and GGT were significantly increased in overweight group and obese group than that of normal weight group.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.596-604
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• 1999

This study aims at examining the correlations between waist-hip ratio, body fat, BMI, relative body weight and serum lipids by men and women in 40's and 50's. The subjects were 412 adults, who had regular health examinations between January and December of 1996 at S-Hospital in Seoul. The data were analyzed using unpaired t -test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results were as follows : 1. The group of men had higher levels in waist-hip ratio, BMI, body weight , triglyceride, total cholesterol /HDL-cholesterol ratio , LDL-cholesterol /HDL-cholesterol ratio than the group of women. The group of women had higher levels in body fat and HDL-cholesterol than the group of men. 2. In the group of men, waist-hip ratio was more significantly correlated to serum lipids than body fat and BMI. In the group of women, body fat, BMI and relative body weight was more significantly correlated to serum lipids than waist-hip ratio.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether age, body mass index(BMI) and exercise frequency(EF) are correlated with knee joint position sense in healthy women. Methods : Healthy women of 150 who participated in this study were tested knee joint position sense; each reposition error was analyzed according to the age, BMI and EF. Reposition error was measured with a Myrin goniometer. Results : The age groups, BMI groups and EF groups demonstrated significant differences of the knee joint position sense. The older the healthy women are, the higher BMI is, and the lower EF is, the more decreased knee joint position sense has become. Conclusion : The older the women are, the higher BMI is, and the lower EF is, the more decreased the knee joint position sense in healthy women is. Therefore it needs to be considered to require management of obesity and regular exercise for prevention of knee injuries due to decreased joint position sense.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.290-299
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• 2013

This study included 198 patients who underwent prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered high-pitch spiral mode(FLASH mode) in cardiac CT for health check: 123 patients who underwent manual exposure control(Group A) and 75 patients who underwent automatic exposure control(Group B). Patients were classified according to BMI grades: Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, Grade 4. Radiation dose, objective and subjective image quality between two groups were compared. In Group B, tube voltage were significantly decreased in all BMI grades. Both $CTDI_{vol}$ and effective dose were significantly reduced in the BMI Grade 1, 3, and 4 whereas they were slightly reduced in the Grade 2(p>0.05), SNR was significantly decreased in the Grade 1 and increased in the Grade 3(p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the Grade 2, 4 between the two groups(p>0.05). CNR was significantly decreased in the Grade 1(p<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the Grade 2, 3, 4 between the two groups(p>0.05). The subjective image quality showed no significant difference in all BMI Grades between the two groups(p>0.05). Automatic exposure control can lead to a significant reduction of radiation exposure dose without degradation of subjective image quality.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.sup1
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• pp.53-69
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To determine the weight change trend among the adult Turkish population after 1 yr of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and factors associated with weight change. MATERIALS/METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 26 February and 6 March 2021 using an online questionnaire that included questions for sociodemographic variables, eating habits, stress level, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18. Those who weighed themselves 1-2 weeks before the pandemic was declared in Turkey and remembered their weight were invited to participate in the study. Trends in weight and body mass index (BMI) change were calculated. The variables associated with a 1% change in BMI were assessed using hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: The study was conducted with 1,630 adults (70.25% female) with a mean age of 32.09 (11.62) yrs. The trend of weight change was found to increase by an average of 1.15 ± 6.10 kg (female +0.72 ± 5.51, male +2.16 ± 7.22 kg) for the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The rate of participants with a normal BMI (18.50-24.99 kg/m²) decreased to 51.91% from 55.75%. Consuming an "Increased amount of food compared to before the pandemic" was found to be the independent variable that had the strongest association with a 1% increase in BMI (β = 0.23 P < 0.001). The average change in the BMI was higher in older individuals than in those who were younger. A high stress level was associated with a decrease in BMI (β = -0.04 P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the factors associated with weight change after 1 yr of the pandemic in the Turkish population was reported for the first time. A high stress level and increased weight gain trend still occur in Turkey after 1 yr of the pandemic.