• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.318-323
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• 2001

Characteristics of the pulsatile flow in a 3-dimensional elastic blood vessel are investigated to understand the blood flow phenomena in the human body arteries. In this study, a model for the elastic blood vessel is proposed. The finite volume prediction is used to analyse the pulsatile flow in the elastic blood vessel. Variations of the pressure, velocity and wall shear stress of the pulsatile flow in the elastic blood vessel are obtained. The magnitudes of the velocity waveforms in the elastic blood vessel model are larger than those in the rigid blood vessel model. The wall shear stresses on the elastic vessel vary with the blood vessel motions. Amplitude indices of the wall shear stress for blood in the elastic blood vessel are $4\sim5$ times larger than those of the Newtonian fluid. As the phase angle increased, point of the phase angle is are moved forward and the wall shear stresses are increased for blood and the Newtonian fluid.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.49-61
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• 2004

The Standardization of terms in The Pulse studies(脈學) is a need for development of learning. This study, for the correction of existing misused terms in The Pulse studies, we study on modernly and objectively the terms in The Pulse studies. By a focus of ${\ulcorner}$The Pulse Studies of Bin-Ho(瀕湖脈學)${\lrcorner}$, we studies on the new classification of pulse condition. The error of a existing technical books on Pulse studies begin that the classification of pulse condition is not establish a Standardization. For the correction of existing misused terms in The Pulse studies, we study on the pulse condition is expressed objectively a blood vessel that it is a subject of pulse condition. The expression of blood vessel contain a depth of blood vessel, a speed of pulsation, a curve of blood vessel, thickness of blood vessel, a diameter of blood vessel in expand and contract of blood vessel, a interval in expand and contract of blood vessel, a distinctness on a boundary of blood vessel, a speed of blood flow in blood vessel, a volume of blood flow in blood vessel, a condition of blood in blood vessel, a propelling power of blood vessel. These is standard of the new classification of pulse condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.1 s.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

This study was analyzed on relationship of blood vessel pressure massage and skin and management method on blood vessel pressure for skin care with Yin-yang 5 factors theory, Yin-yang 5 factors theory of blood vessel pressure massage with related Korean medicine is essential for descriptions of the physiology of human body and disease. Six elements(wind, heat, fire, dryness, wetness, and cold) and seven emotions(anger, happiness, thought, worry, sadness, surprise, and fear) effected on skin care and the five viscera and the six stomach. Blood vessel pressure massage related with skin consists of the five viscera and the six stomach and is improved blood circulation and is retarded aging of skin by controls of hormone and free nerve system. Blood vessel pressure massage for skin care improved in the intestine system and blood circulation and got healthy. The blood vessel pressure massage treatment of beauty art can aid the function of bio-rhythm of a human body and make our body health by healing the problems of the five viscera organs and the six stomach. It also help circulate of the blood flow and vigor. The study expects the related researches to improve the various treatments through this treatment. The researcher encountered many problems with the lack of concerned materials and former studies but expects this study to be a study to retard aging the skin and prevent the diseases through the study of the blood vessel pressure massage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.880-890
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• 2010

The intrasvascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging technique is used to diagnose cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke. Recently, elasticity imaging methods have been investigated to diagnose blood clots attached to blood vessel intima. However, the IVUS imaging technique is an invasive method that requires a transducer to be inserted into blood vessel. In this paper, strain images are obtained of blood clots attached to blood vessel intima with data acquired from outside the blood vessel using a linear array transducer. In order to measure the displacement of blood vessel accurately, experimental data are acquired by steering ultrasound beams so that they can intersect the blood vessel wall at right angles. The acquired rf data are demodulated to the baseband. The resulting complex baseband signals are then processed by an autocorrelation algorithm to compute the blood vessel movement and thereby produce strain image. This proposed method is verified by experiments on a plastic blood vessel mimicking phantom. The efficacy of the proposed method was verified using a home-made blood vessel mimicking phantom. The blood vessel mimicking phantom was constructed by making a 6 mm diameter hollow cylinder inside it to simulate a blood vessel and adhering 2 mm thick soft plaque to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder. The RF data were acquired using a clinical ultrasound scanner (Accuvix XQ, Medison, Seoul. Korea) with a 7.5 MHz linear array transducer by steering ultrasound beams in steps of $1^{\circ}$ from $-40^{\circ}$ to $40^{\circ}$ for a total of 81 angles. Experimental results show that the plaque region near the blood vessel wall is softer than background tissue. Although the imaging region is restricted due to the limited range of angles for which scan lines are perpendicular to the wall, the feasibility of strain imaging is demonstrated.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1761-1772
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• 2005

In blood flow passing through the mechanical heart valve (MHV) and elastic blood vessel, hemolysis and platelet activation causing thrombus formation can be seen owing to the shear stress in the blood. Also, fracture and deformation of leaflets can be observed depending on the shape and material properties of the leaflets which is opened and closed in a cycle. Hence, comprehensive study is needed on the hemodynamics which is associated with the motion of leaflet and elastic blood vessel in terms of fluid-structure interaction. In this paper, a numerical analysis has been performed for a three-dimensional pulsatile blood flow associated with the elastic blood vessel and curved bileaflet for multiple cycles in light of fluid-structure interaction. From this analysis fluttering phenomenon and rebound of the leaflet have been observed and recirculation and regurgitation have been found in the flow fields of the blood. Also, the pressure distribution and the radial displacement of the elastic blood vessel have been obtained. The motion of the leaflet and flow fields of the blood have shown similar tendency compared with the previous experiments carried out in other studies. The present study can contribute to the design methodology for the curved bileaflet mechanical heart valve. Furthermore, the proposed fluid-structure interaction method will be effectively used in various fields where the interaction between fluid flow and structure are involved.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to provide basic data for vascular health of patient who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by verifying the mediating effect of compliance in the relationship between risk level of coronary artery disease (CAD) and blood vessel elasticity. Methods: This is a descriptive study with 115 patients, who underwent the PCI a year ago and visited in the cardiology department from January to March, 2015. The risk level of CAD, blood vessel elasticity and the compliance were measured. For data analysis, SPSS/WIN 21.0 and AMOS (IBM) 21.0 were used. Results: There were a positive correlation with blood vessel elasticity score (i.e. inelasticity of the blood vessel wall) (r=.189) and a negative correlation with compliance (r=-.658) in mediating effect of risk level of CAD. There was a negative correlation between compliance and blood vessel elasticity (r=-.482). The direct effect (${\beta}=-.226$), indirect effect (${\beta}=.415$) and total effect (${\beta}=.186$) of mediating effect of risk level of CAD on blood vessel elasticity were significant. Compliance had a partial mediating effect of risk level of CAD on blood vessel elasticity. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that managing and preventing moderating effect of risk level of CAD on compliance is helpful in restoring blood vessel elasticity.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2014

Objectives: The pulse diagnosis to identify the symptoms has been considered important in Korean medicine. The position and character of disease would be confirmed by pulse diagnosis of left and right radial artery. This paper is to analyze the characteristics and differences of left and right blood vessels. Methods: In this study, left and right radial artery and dorsalis pedis artery was measured and analyzed by using condenser typed pulse analyzer. Commercially available pulse analyzer was used to measure the radial artery. The pulse wave was measured in 20 laboratory healthy men and women. The blood vessel aging degree and index of augmentation of blood vessel was obtained from the measured pulse wave graph and the characteristics and differences of the left and right blood vessel was analyzed. Results: The significant difference of pulse transit time between the right handed and non-right handed was not found. The correlation of radial artery and dorsalis pedis artery had no significant difference. By obtaining the blood vessel aging index (AGI) and augmentation index (AI) of blood vessel at the left and right radial artery, the significant difference between right handed and non-right handed was not found. Conclusions: The result of this study would help to explain the characteristic of blood vessel with respect to the left and right handed. We suggest that research of pulse wave of the left and right blood vessel using pulse analyzer should be needed in further study.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.3 s.168
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• pp.154-161
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• 2005

In this study, the leaflet motion of a mechanical heart valve and the characteristics of two-dimensional transient blood flow in an elastic blood vessel have been numerically investigated by using fluid-structure interaction method. Here, blood has been assumed as a Newtonian, incompressible fluid. Pressure profiles have been used as boundary conditions at the ventricle and the aorta. As a result, closing motion of the leaflet is faster than opening one. While opening angles of leaflet grow up, vortex is detected at the sinus and backward of the leaflets. When the leaflet is fully closed, vortex is detected at the ventricle and at that moment maximum displacement of the elastic blood vessel is observed in the vicinity of the sinus region. Maximum displacement is caused in association with the blood flow that is oriented toward the elastic blood vessel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.1439-1440
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• 2013

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.349-356
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• 2014

This research is aimed to prove if harmful effects of smoking, as the main reason for recently elevated blood vessel disease, could be reduced by aerobic exercise, and identify the positive effects of the aerobic exercise on smokers' blood vessel health(blood pressure, pulse pressure, and blood vessel elasticity. Experiments were performed on 40 male smokers aged between 40 and 55, which was equally divided into two groups of Aerobic Exercise Group (AEG) and Non Exercise Group (NEG). After measuring each group's blood pressure, pulse pressure, and blood vessel elasticity, AEG practiced aerobic exercise program for 50 minutes for each trial, three times a week, sustaining 12 weeks while NEG continued daily-life patterns without any special treatment. In 12 weeks, blood pressure, pulse pressure, and blood vessel elasticity of both groups were measured as the same way. As a result, the difference of systolic blood pressure between the two groups was not significant, while that of diastolic blood pressure was meaningful. The difference of pulse pressure between the two groups was meaningful, and that of blood vessel elasticity was also meaningful in all measuring points including left hand, right hand, left foot and right foot. As a consequent, it was found that aerobic exercise had positive effects on middle aged male smokers' blood vessel health.